Term
| what is the estimated visual acuity @ birth |
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Definition
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Term
| age of ability to follow object is typically established: |
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Definition
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Term
| what age are eye movements coordinated? |
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Definition
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Term
| when does visual acuity reach 20/20? |
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Definition
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Term
| why is it imperative to fix visual problems within the first years of life? |
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Definition
| that is when the visual pathways are developing |
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Term
| age? make eye contact and begin to look at objects close to their face |
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Definition
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Term
| age? begin to observe hands while holding them close to their face |
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Definition
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Term
| age? begin to watch activity areound them: |
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Definition
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Term
| age? observe surroundings and recognize favorite people, toys, food at a distance |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| functional reduction in the visual acuity of the eye. |
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Term
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Definition
| condition in which the eyes are misaligned |
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Term
| when are children screened for strabismus & amblyopia? |
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Definition
| 3-4years with particular attention to occular alignment |
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Term
| 7 types of visual acuity tests |
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Definition
1. Snellen
2. Tumbling E
3. Allen figures
4. Landolt
5. Lea figures
6. Crowding Bars
7. HOTV |
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Term
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Definition
| optical image is not clearly focused on the retina |
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Term
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Definition
| strabismus that deviates medially |
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Term
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Definition
| strabismus that deviates laterally |
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Term
| which muscles move the eye upward? |
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Definition
| superior rectus and inferior oblique muscles |
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Term
| which muscles move the eye downward |
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Definition
| inferior rectus and the superior oblique |
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Term
| which muscle abducts the eye? |
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Definition
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Term
| which m. adducts the eye? |
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Definition
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Term
| strabismus risk factors (2) |
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Definition
| positive family history, low birth weight infants |
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Term
| strabismus is a common presenting sign of: |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| light focused at center should reflect centrally in both eyes. |
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Term
| describe the cover test for strabismus: |
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Definition
| covering the unaffected eye will cause the affected eye to come to center |
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Term
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Definition
| optical illusion in which the wide nasal bridge or epicanthal folds hide the nasal sclera. |
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Term
| hershberg test & pseudostrabismus |
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Definition
| hershberg test: leght reflex is centered in both eyes |
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Term
| cover/uncover test & pseudostrabismus |
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Definition
| cover/uncover test reveals occular alignment. |
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Term
| what about intermittent unsteady occular alignment in newborns? |
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Definition
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Term
| you should inspect all deviations of alignment past what age? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| unequal refractive errors, cataract, ptosis, eyelid hemangioma |
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Term
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Definition
1. strabismic
2. Anisometropic
3. deprivational; cataracts |
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Term
| define: strabismic amblyopia |
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Definition
| abnormal binocular interaction; causes foveas to be presented with 2 dif images causing the visual cortex to supress the image from one eye. Long term suppression results in amblyopia |
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Term
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Definition
| dif images presented to foveas due to unequal refracting errors; eye with greater error gets "turned off" |
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Term
| anisometropic amblyopia is most common in: |
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Definition
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Term
| when is anisometropic amblyopia found |
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Definition
| during traditional vision testing not during developing years due to lack of external abnormalities |
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Term
| deprivational amblyopia: 3 causes |
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Definition
1. congenital cataracts
2. ptosis (eyelid that droops)
3. vitreous hemorrhage |
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Term
| suspect amblyopia if vision is: |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Differential Occlusion Objection: test for preverbal children & amblyopia. |
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Term
| what tests fro verbal children & amblyopia? |
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Definition
| allens figures or snellen testing |
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Term
| amblyopia is potentially irreversible if not treated before ages: |
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Definition
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Term
| treatment for amblyopia is done by whom? |
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Definition
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