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Pediatric Differences
Exam 2
24
Nursing
Undergraduate 3
09/29/2018

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Cards

Term
Neuro tube develops by week
Definition
4 gestation
Term
Infants bones/vertebrae?
Definition
Not fully ossified: increased risk for injury
Term
Infants fontanels?
Definition
Posterior closes at about 3 months and anterior 18-24
Term
Suture lines completely ossifies at what age
Definition
12 years
Term
Immune system?
Definition
Immature at birth
Term
Myelination?
Definition
Incomplete at birth. Cephalocaudal progression
Term
O2 need?
Definition
Increased
Term
Upper airway:
Definition
Neck is shorter and airway structures are closer together
Term
Upper airway: growth?
Definition
continues until 12 years
Term
Tracheal diameter
Definition
About the size of childs little finger
Term
Tracheal size increases in
Definition
length rather than diameter in first 5 years of life. Choking.
Term
Tracheal division
Definition
Higher
Term
Tracheal cartilege
Definition
More flexible
Term
Newborns breath?
Definition
Obligatory nose breather.
Only breath through mouth when crying
Infants 2-3 months will not open mouth when occluded. (suck out the snot or you will have a blue baby)
Term
Tracheobronchial tree complete?
Definition
At full term pregnancy but will continue to grow
Term
Alveoli form
Definition
36 weeks gestation

Continue to increase in size and number for the first 5-8 years
Term
Children less than 6 years breath??
Definition
Using mainly diaphragm

Intercostal muscles are immature
Term
Retractions are
Definition
negative pressure caused by diaphragm movement causing chest wall to be drawn inward
Term
O2 consumption
Definition
Higher. = higher metabolic rate = increased respiratory distress
Term
Glycogen reserves?
Definition
Fewer. meaning more rapid muscle fatigue when accessory muscles are used for breathing
Term
Lymph tissue grows until
Definition
12.
Term
Tongue/oral cavity size
Definition
Large tongue compared to oral cavity
Term
Thyroid, cricoid and tracheal cartilage?
Definition
immature and will collapse when extended
Term
Right broncous
Definition
steeper slope
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