Term
| What percent of ectopic kidneys are fused to the normal kidney? |
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Definition
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Term
| What may the isthmus of the horseshoe kidney be composed of? |
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Definition
| functioning kidney tissue or fibrous tissue |
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Term
| Where does a horseshoe kidney get its blood supply? |
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Definition
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Term
| This image would look like two kidneys fused together. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most common neonatal abdominal mass? |
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Definition
| HYDRONEPHROSIS is considered a mass and it maintains reniform shape |
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Term
| What is primary megaureter? |
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Definition
| narrowing of a segment of a ureter near the bladder |
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Term
| What causes extrinsic ureteral obstruction? |
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Definition
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Term
All of the following may cause intrinsic hydro EXCEPT:
stones
blood clots
an external mass
fungus balls |
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Definition
| an external mass would cause extrinsic |
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Term
All of the following are possible obstructive causes of bilateral hydro EXCEPT:
neurogenic bladder
vesicoureteral reflux
dilated posterior urethra
polyps
tumors |
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Definition
| vesicoureteral reflux is NONOBSTRUCTIVE |
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Term
| What is congenital and characterized by tortuous ureters, large bladder, patent urachus, bilateral cryptorchidism, hydro and death |
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Definition
| Prune-Belly syndrome (absence of abdominal muscles) |
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Term
| What is going on if there is an umbilical discharge of urine? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is another name for ARPKD? |
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Definition
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Term
| This is associated with 2nd trimester oligohydramnios and enlarged hyperechoic kidneys |
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Definition
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Term
| In the 3rd trimester, a fetus with ARPKD will exhibit what? |
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Definition
| kidneys occupy almost entire abdomen |
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Term
| This image would look like a hyperechoic kidney with a hypoechoic rim of compressed cortex |
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Definition
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Term
| What does a teen with esophageal varices most likely have? |
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Definition
| ARPKD with hepatic fibrosis |
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Term
| What is the most common form of cystic disease in infants? |
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Definition
| Multicystic dysplastic kidney or MCDK or Multicystic renal dysplasia or Potters Type II |
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Term
MCDK is associated with all of the following EXCEPT:
UPJ stenosis
primary megaureter
surfaces in 4th to 5th decade
vesicoureteral reflux
usually detected in utero
cysts that appear like a bunch of grapes |
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Definition
| surfaces in 4th and 5th decades is ADPKD |
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Term
| Renal lesions such as cysts or angiomyolipomas present in over 40% of these cases |
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Definition
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Term
| This disease has bilateral cysts in the kidneys and can become RCC; many abdominal cysts |
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Definition
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Term
| The most common masses in a child? |
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Definition
| hydronephrosis and multicystic renal dysplasia (MCDK) |
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Term
| What is the most common intra-abdominal malignant tumor in a child? |
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Definition
| Wilm's Tumor associated with Beckwith-Weidemann syndrome; palp abd mass |
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Term
All of the following are U/S findings associated with Wilm's tumors EXCEPT:
may spread beyond renal capsule and distort collecting system
sharply marginated
usually hyperechoic but may contain hemorrhage and necrosis
same as an adrenal neuroblastoma
also called a nephroblastoma |
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Definition
| same as an adrenal neuroblastoma; actually adrenal neuroblastoma is a differential dx |
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Term
| What is the 2nd most common abdominal tumor of childhood? |
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Definition
| neuroblastoma; ages 2 mo to 2 yrs |
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Term
| This image shows a large tumor below the liver capsule, compressing the kidney posterior to it |
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Definition
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Term
| What are other names for a congenital Wilm's tumor? |
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Definition
| mesoblastic nephroma, fetal renal hamartoma |
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Term
| What is a benign tumor that is the most common neonatal renal neoplasm and on U/S looks similar to a Wilm's tumor |
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Definition
| mesoblastic nephroma treatment is nephrectomy |
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Term
| This disease occurs rarely but when it does the median age is 12 years. |
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Definition
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Term
| This is a tumor that is a form of a hamartoma and is associated with tuberous sclerosis |
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Definition
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Term
| This evidences itself in a female infant acquiring secondary sex characteristics due to a deficiency in 21-hydroxylase |
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Definition
| congenital adrenal hyperplasia |
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Term
| Which of the following is NOT a cause of neonatal adrenal hemorrhage? stress, trauma at birth, anoxia, sepsis, excessive accumulation of androgenous precursors, diabetic mother, bleeding disorders |
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Definition
| excessive production of androgenous precursors are assoc with congenital adrenal hyperplasia |
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