Term
|
Definition
| Nominal strength divided by safety factor (omega) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Allowable strength divided by appropriate section property (A, s) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Multiplier of the results of the 1st-order analysis to get second-order effects |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Design Stress (LRFD) or Allowable Stress (ASD) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Design Strength (LRFD) or Allowable Strength (ASD) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Plate rigidly connected to 2 parallel components of a built-up column or beam to transfer shear |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Bolted connection where shear is transferred by bolt bearing against the connection elements. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Connection limit stat consisting of tension fracture along one path and shear yielding or shear fracture along another path. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Wall of HSS Branch Member |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In a HSS connection, the member that terminates at a chord member or a main member. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Curvature fabricated into a beam or truss to compensate for deflection induced by loads. |
|
|
Term
| Charpy V-Notch impact test |
|
Definition
| Standard dynamic test measuring notch toughness. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In an HSS connection, the primary member that extends through a truss connection. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Structure comprised of 2 or more lateral load-resisting systems of different types. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Section capable of developing a fully plastic stress distribution and posessing a rotation capacity of approximately 3 before the onset of local buckling. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Complete-JOint-Penetration groove weld. (Weld metal extends through the joint thickness, except as permitted for HSS connections.) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Section of solid concrete that results from stopping the deck on each side of the girder in a composite floor system constructed using a formed steel deck. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Plate welded or bolted to the flange of a member to increase cross-sectional area, section modulus or moment of inertia. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Applied load determined by either LRFD or ASD load combinations. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Resistance factor multiplied by the nominal strength, Phi*Rn. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Magnitude of change in stress due to the repeated application and removal of service live loads. (If you have stress reversal, it is algebraic difference of peak forces.) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Design strength divided by the appropriate section property, such as section modulus or cross sectional area. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| for HSS, the design wall thickness is less than the nominal thickness. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Web stiffener at column panel zone oriented diagonally to the flanges, on one or both sides of the web. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Plate possessing in-plane shear stiffness and strength, used to transfer forces to supporting elements. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Roof, floor, or other membrane or bracing system that transfers in-plane forces to the lateral force resisting system. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Design method for stability that captures the effects of residual stresses and initial out-of-plumbness of frames by reducing stiffness and applying notional loads in a second-order analysis. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| mechanism by which force is transferred between steel and concrete in a composite setion by bond stress. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Limit state of an HSS truss connection based on distortion of a rectangular HSS chord member into a rhomboidal shape. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Out of plane flexural stiffness of web. |
|
|
Term
| Double concentrated forces |
|
Definition
| Two equal and opposite forces that form a couple on the same side of the loaded member |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Plate added to, and parallel with, a beam or column web to increase resistance to concentrated forces. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Length of an otherwise identicla column wiht the same strength when analyzed with pinned end conditions. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Net area modified to account for the effect of shear lag. |
|
|
Term
| Effective section modulus |
|
Definition
| Section modulus reduced to account for buckling of slender compression elements |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Reduced width of a plate or slab with an assumed uniform stress distribution which produces the same effect on the behavior of a structural member as the actual plate or slab width with its nonuniform stress distribution. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Analysis based on hte assumption that the structure returns to original geometry when load is removed. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Web panel with an adjacent panel on one side only. (i.e plate girder) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Length of fillet weld that continues around a corner in the same plane. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Bridge design - support with curved surface to accommodate expansion (i.e. rotation) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Round steel bar on which a member bears that can roll to accommodate expansion. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pin-connected tension member of uniform thickness, with forged or thermally cut head of greater width than the body, proportioned to provide approximately equal strength in the head and body. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| limit state of crack initiation and growth resulting from repeated application of live loads. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| contact surface of connection elements transmitting a shear force. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Analysis in which equilibrium conditions are formulated on the undeformed structure (no second-order effects). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Stiffener used at a support or concentrated load that fits tightly against one or both flanges of a beam so as to transmit load through bearing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Weld between a curved and planar surface (i.e. HSS to plate) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Weld between 2 curved surfaces |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Nominal width of rectangular HSS minus twice the outside corner radius. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Buckling mode in which a compression member deflects laterally without twist or change in cross-sectional shape. |
|
|
Term
| Flexural-Torsional buckling |
|
Definition
| Buckling mode in which a compression member bends and twists simultaneously without change in cross-sectional shape. |
|
|
Term
| Fully restrained moment connection. |
|
Definition
| Connection capable of transferring moment with negligible rotation between connected members. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Transverse center to center spacing of fasteners, such as welds. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| HSS truss connection wiht a gap or space on the chord face between intersecting branch members. |
|
|
Term
| General collapse (pertaining to HSS) |
|
Definition
| limit state of chord plastification of opposing sides of a round HSS chord member at a cross-connection. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Narrow piece of sheet steel used as a fill between the edge of a deck sheet and the flange of a girder in a composite floor system constructed using a formed steel deck. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Horizontal structural member that supports wall panels and is primarily subjected to bending under horizontal loads, such as wind load. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Relatively smooth surface groove or cavity resulting from plastic deformation or removal of material. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Thickness of material through which a bolt passes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Weld in a groove between connection elements. |
|
|
Term
| Horizontal Shear (in composite beams) |
|
Definition
| Force at the interface between steel and concrete surfaces in a composite beam. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Structural analysis that takes into account inelastic material behavior, ncluding plastic analysis. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Limit state of a beam-column bent about its major axis while lateral buckling or lateral-torsional buckling is prevented by lateral bracing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Limit state in which a slight increase in the loads or geometry produces large displacements. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| For HSS truss connection, the perpendicular distance from chord member center of gravity to intersection of branch member work points. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Joint between two overlapping connection elements in parallel planes |
|
|
Term
| Lateral-Torsional buckling |
|
Definition
| Buckling mode of a flexural member involving deflection normal to the plane of bending occurring simultaneously withtwist about the shear center of the cross-sectoin. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Consideration of the reduction in strength of a member based on its unbraced length. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Foces, stresses and deformations produced by loads. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Limit state of large deformation of a flange under a concentrated tensile force |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Limit state of buckling of a compression element within a cross section. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Limit state of local failure of web plate in the immediate vicinity of a concentrated load or reaction. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| HSS chord member or column which branch members or other connecting elements are attached. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Structural System that includes a sufficient number of real hinges, plastic hinges or both, so as to be able to move/rotate in one or more rigid body modes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Oxide surface coating on steel formed by the hot rolling process. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Gross area reduced to account for removed material. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| brace that prevents lateral movement or twist independently of other braces at adjacent brace points. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Section that can develop the yield stress in its compression elements before local buckling occurs, but cannot develop a rotation capacity of three. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Energy absorbed at a specified temperature as measured in the Charpy V-Notch test. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Virtual load applied in a structural analysis to account for destablizing effects that are not otherwise accounted for in the design provisions. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Limit state of a beam-column bent about its major axis while lateral buckling or lateral-torsional buckling is not prevented by lateral bracing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Web area of beam to column connection delineated by the extension of beam and column flanges through the connection, transmitting moment through a shear panel. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Partial-Joint-Penetration groove weld. Grovve weld in which th epenetration is intentionally less then the complete thickness of the connected element. |
|
|
Term
| Partially restrained moment connection vs Fully restrained |
|
Definition
| fully-restrained: can transfer the moment with negligible rotations. partially-restrained: can transfer the moment with some rotation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| center to center spacing of bolts or welds. (also - center to center spacing of bolt threads along the axis of a bolt). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Analysis based on the assumption of rigid-plastic behavior, in other words, that equilibrium is satisfied throughout the structure and the stress is at or below the yield stress. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| yielded zone that forms where the plastic moment is attained. the member is assumed to rotate ruther as if hinged, except that such rotation is restrained by the plastic moment. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Theoretical resisting moment developed within a fully yielded cross section. |
|
|
Term
| Plastic Stress distribution method. |
|
Definition
| Method for determining the stresses in a composite member assuming that both the steel section and concrete are fully plastic. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In HSS, a limit state based on an out-of-plane flexural yield line mechanism in the chord at a branch member connection. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Weld made in a circular hole in one element of a joint fusing that element to another element. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Load that can be carried by an element after initial buckling has occured |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| joint wiht high-strength bolts tightened to the specified minimum pretension. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Amplification of the tension force in a bolt caused by leverage between the point of applied load, the bolt, and the reactions of the connected elements. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| in HSS, component of branch member force perpendicular to a chord. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Horizontal member that supports roof deck. |
|
|
Term
| P-(lowercase) delta effect |
|
Definition
| Effect of loads acting on the deflected shape of a member between joints or nodes. |
|
|
Term
| P-(uppercase) DELTA effect |
|
Definition
| Effect of loads acting on the displaced location of joints or nodes in a structure. (load acting on the laterally displaced location of floors and roofs.) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In a cope or weld access hole, a cut at an abrupt change in direction in which the exposed surface is concave. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Brace that controls the relative movement of 2 adjacent brace points along the length of a beam or column or the relative lateral displacement of two stories in a frame. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| portion of a joint to be welded where the members are closest to each other. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In a connection, strength limited by tension or shear rupture. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Structural analysis in which equilibrium conditions are forumlated on the deformed structure; second-order effects (both P-delta and P-DELTA) are included. |
|
|
Term
| Seismic response modification coefficient |
|
Definition
| Factor that reduces seismic load effects to strength level. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| buckling mode in which a plate element, such as the web of a beam, deforms under pure shear applied in the plane of the plate. |
|
|
Term
| Shear connector strength based on these two limit states: |
|
Definition
| concrete crushing, yielding of shear stud in tension |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| limit state of rupture due to shear |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Limit state of lateral buckling of the tension flange opposite the location of a concentrated compression force |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Limit state of web crippling of the sidewalls of a chord member at an HSS truss connection |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Limit state based on bearing strength of chord member at an HSS truss connection. |
|
|
Term
| Single-concentrated force |
|
Definition
| tensile or compressive force applied normal to the flanges of a member |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cross-section possessing plate components of sufficient slenderness such that local buckling in the elastic range will occur. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| in a bolted connection, limit state of relative motion between connected parts prior to the attainment of the available strength of the connection. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bolted connection designed to resist movement by friction on the faying surface of the connection under the clamping forces of the bolts. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Weld made in an elongated hole fusing an element to another element. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Condition reached in the loading of a structural component, frame, or structure in which a slight disturbance in the loads or geometry does not produce large displacements. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Flat compression element with adjoining out of plane elements along both edges parallel to the direction of loading. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| structural angle or plate attached to a member to distribute load, transfer shear, or prevent buckling |
|
|
Term
| Strain compatibility method |
|
Definition
| Method for determining the stresses in a composite member considering the stress-strain relationships of each material and its location w.r.t. the neutral axis of the cross section. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| behavior of a panel under shear in which diagonal tensile forces develop in the web and compressive forces develop in the transverse stiffeners in a manner similar to a Pratt truss |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cut with gas, plasma, or laser |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| junction of a fillet weld face and base metal. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| buckling mode in which a compression member twists about its shear center axis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| stiffener oriented perpendicular to the flanges, attached to the web |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| procedure whereby the specified pretension in high-strength bolts is controlled by rotating the fastener component a predetermined amount after the bolt has been snug tightened |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| distance between braced points of a member, measured between the centroids of the bracing members |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the end of a member not restrained against rotation by stiffeners or connection elements |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| flat compression element with an adjoining out-of-plane element along one edge parallel to the direction of loading |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| limit state of lateral instability of a web |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| limit state of out-of-plane compression buckling of the web due to a concentrated compression force. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| limit state of lateral buckling of the tension flange opposite the location of a concentrated compression force |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the moment at which the extreme outer fiber first attains the yield stress |
|
|
