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Definition
| analog of GHRH used in children who are missing GHRH in hypothalamus; binds to somatotrophs in anterior pituitary to stimulate release of GH |
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| synthetic analog of somatostatin, but with a longer half-life; indicated for VIP tumors, metastatic carcinoid tumors, pituitary tumors, acromegaly (growth of extremities), thyrotropinomas |
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| synthetic analog of TRH (thyrotropin releasing hormone); used to assess thyroid function |
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| analog of GnRH (gonadotropin releasing hormone); used to treat infertility, primary hypothalamic amnorrhea (woman does not have menstrual cycle) |
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| analog of GH (growth hormone); used to treat growth failure due to GH deficiency, cachexia (cancer wasting), and AIDS wasting; purified recombinant GH by using E. Coli or mammalian cells |
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| a synthetic drug that mimics vasopressin, or ADH (anti-diuretic hormone); longer action; used to reduce urine output in Diabetes Insipidus, and to treat bedwetting |
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| a tetracycline antibiotics used to treat patients with excess ADH; impairs protein synthesis and bacterial growth; induces nephrogenic diabetes insipidus; used to treat patients with hyponatremia due to SIADH (excessive ADH) |
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Definition
| synthetic form of this hormone released by posterior pituitary; indirectly stimulates contraction of uterine smooth muscle; increases amplitude and frequency of uterine contraction; induces labor |
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Definition
| inhibits side chain cleavage of cholesterol to pregnenolone; reduces the synthesis of glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, estrogens, and androgens; increase ACTH release (use glucocorticoid to block this effect) |
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Definition
| inhibits cortisol synthesis, inhibits 11-B-hydroxylase; increases ACTH by blocking negative feedback; can be used as a test to see if ACTH is working normally |
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Definition
| predominant thyroid hormone in the body (90%); deiodinated to the more active form in several locations of the body, mainly the liver; half life ~6 days |
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Definition
| less common thyroid hormone with four times the physiological activity; half life ~1 day |
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Definition
| treatment for hyperthyroidism; emits B-particles; selective local destruction of thyroid gland |
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Term
| methimazole, propylthiouracil |
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Definition
| treatments for hyperthyroidism; inhibit iodination and thyroid peroxidase; takes 2 to 4 months to reach initial euthyroid status; often result in goiter formation; whatever thyroid hormone has already been made is not affected |
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Definition
| estrogen receptor antagonist to treat breast cancer |
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Definition
| estrogen synthesis inhibitors to treat breast cancer; less specific than hormone antagonists and can cause damage to other cells |
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Definition
| GnRH agonist to treat breast or prostate cancers; by creating a constant high level of GnRH, actually blocks LH and FSH, and blocks estrogen and testosterone. |
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Definition
| GnRH antagonist; action is blocking GnRH from binding to its receptor on the pituitary, blocking LH and FSH. Give FSH to stimulate follicle growth, it can stimulate follicle and can cause mature follicles to erupt (not good). MDs want to inhibit the release of follicle to delay the LH and FSH surge so the body will have time to have eggs mature before they are harvested. |
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Definition
| competitive, specific inhibitor of 5-alpha-reductase, an intracellular enzyme that converts testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT); reduces prostate hypertrophy by inhibiting the synthesis of DHT, and is also used to treat male pattern baldness |
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Definition
| blocks aromatase, blocking the conversion of androgens into estradiol or oestriol; by blocking estrogen synthesis, used to treat breast cancer |
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| prototype SERM (selective estrogen receptor modulators); estrogen receptor antagonist in breat tissue, but agonist in endometrium and bone; used for breast cancer and to prevent post-menopausal osteoporosis; also can be used to induce ovulation in anovulatory women by stimulating the hypothalamus to release gonadotropin-releasing hormone |
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| newer SERM that possesses estrogen receptor agonist activity in the bone, but antagonist activity in breast and endometrium; used to prevent postmenopausal osteoporosis |
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Definition
nonsteroidal fertility agent to induce ovulation in infrequently ovulating or anovulatory women; effective at producing ovulation in patients with an
intact hypothalamus-pituitary-ovarian axis and with ovaries that
are capable of functioning normally; blocks the normal negative feedback of circulating estradiol on the hypothalamus; frequency and amplitude of GnRH pulses increase and stimulate the pituitary gland to release more FSH and LH |
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Definition
| oral nonsteroidal antiandrogen used to treat metastatic prostate cancer; inhibit the uptake and/or nuclear binding of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone by prostate tissue; blocks actions of T and DHT |
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Definition
| originally approved as an aldosterone receptor antagonist, but also has a significant antagonist activity at the androgen receptor; indicated for hirsutism (hair growth), hyperaldosteronism*, hypertension (K+ sparing diuresis) |
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Definition
| a synthetic steroid with potent antiprogesterone and anti glucocorticoid activity; most widely known as a postcoital contraceptive agent; used in combination with a prostaglandin, as an abortifacient in early pregnancy; in the termination of pregnancy, this drug interrupts progesterone support to the endometrium and sensitizes the myometrium to prostaglandins |
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