Term
| What are the three "vital signs" of the eye? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a major complication of C. Trachomatis (conjunctivitis)? |
|
Definition
| Leading cause of blindness in the world |
|
|
Term
| What is a major complication of N. gonorrhea (conjunctivitis)? |
|
Definition
| Conjunctival Scarring leading to lid derangement and ingrown lashes |
|
|
Term
| What is a major complication of Chlamydia (conjunctivitis) in infants? |
|
Definition
| Chlamydial pneumonia can occur in infants up to 6 m after Chlamydial eye infection |
|
|
Term
| Which type of pupil anomaly is described as a pupil larger than normal and constricts slowly in bright light? What other sign is usually present with this abnormality? |
|
Definition
Adies pupil
DTRs usually absent, especially achilles DTR |
|
|
Term
| Which type of pupil anomaly is described as inability for the pupil to constrict to direct or consensual light, but it DOES respond to accommodation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do you test for a Marcus Gunn pupil? What is another name for this condition? |
|
Definition
Swinging Light Test
APD - Afferent Pupillary defect |
|
|
Term
| What type of pupil defect will you see with Horner's syndrome? |
|
Definition
| Miotic Pupil (Dilation instead of constriction, or slow constriction in affected eye) |
|
|
Term
| What are examples of systemic diseases that affect the eye? |
|
Definition
| RA, HTN, DM, Chylamdia, Gonorrhea, Connective Tissue disorder, HIV, Thyroid Dx |
|
|
Term
| What are the most common pathogens that cause bacterial conjunctivitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What 3 structures make up the uvea? |
|
Definition
| Iris, Ciliary body and choroid |
|
|
Term
| Term that means - No lens in the eye ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Term that means - Pus in the anterior chamber? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Term that means - Iris adheres to the cornea or lens? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Term that means - hole in one of the eye structures? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Term that means - blood in the anterior chamber of the eye? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Term that means - swelling or edema of the conjunctiva? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Term that means - Bacterial infection of the eye? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which term describes part of the eye anatomy where there is a serrated junction between the retina and the ciliary body? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Term that means - blind spot? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Term that means - overflow of tears? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Term that means - congestion of blood in ANY part of the eye? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Term that means - different colored eyes? What conditions could this be a sign of? |
|
Definition
| Heterochromia; Down Syndrome and Horner's Syndrome |
|
|
Term
| Term that means - Nearsighted? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Term that means - Farsighted? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Term that means - age-related far-sightedness? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Term that means - "lazy eye" or poor vision of an eye that is otherwise physically normal? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Eosinophils on a gram stain signify what type of conjunctivitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why are artificial tears prescribed for the eye? |
|
Definition
| Help with discomfort or dryness |
|
|
Term
| Why are cold compresses prescribed for use with eye conditions? |
|
Definition
| improve swelling and discomfort |
|
|
Term
| Why are broad-spectrum anti-biotics prescribed for the eye? |
|
Definition
| prevent secondary bacterial infection |
|
|
Term
| Why shouldn't we use aminoglycosides in the eye? |
|
Definition
| toxic to epithelia and retards healing |
|
|
Term
| Term used to describe - excessive dilation of the pupil? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Uncal herniation
Topical agents (like belladona and anticholinergics)
Acute Angle Glaucoma |
|
|
Term
| With a finding of granulomas on the conjunctiva what might that indicate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Term that describes - Triangular thickening of conjunctiva growing ACROSS cornea? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Term that describes - Yellowish triangular nodule in the conjunctiva on either side of cornea (Aging)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A finding on exam of Bitot's spots on the sclera or bulbar conjunctiva is indicative of what condition? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A finding on exam of a blue discoloration of sclera is indicative of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When should a fluorescein stain be done? |
|
Definition
| Any time the pt feels a foreign body sensation |
|
|
Term
| What is the IOP in chronic open angle glaucoma? What is the IOP in Acute Closed angle glaucoma? Which is an EMERGENCY? |
|
Definition
COAG - IOP of 20 to 30
ACAG - IOP of > 40
Acute Closed Angle Glaucoma is an emergency |
|
|
Term
| What is Seidel's test used to assess? What conditions is it used to screen for? |
|
Definition
| The presence of anterior chamber leakage in the cornea. Screens for the presence of corneal post-trauma, corneal perforation and corneal degeneration |
|
|
Term
| What condition is described as acute onset, occasional pruritis, hx of exposure/sick contact, previous hx of keratitis sicca or blepharitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which condition is described as acute or subacute onset, minimal pain level, exposure/sick contact hx, pruritis is common, clear watery d/c, foreign body sensation, preauricular adenopathy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which condition is described as subacute onset, no pain, no exposure hx, pruritis is common, clear watery d/c with mucous? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which condition is described as chronic onset, minimal pain, pruritis, sexual or STD hx? |
|
Definition
| Chlamydial Conjunctivitis |
|
|
Term
| What condition is described as occurring mainly in contact lens wearers, excessive pruritis, mucous production and visible papilla on upper lid eversion? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What nerve are you testing with the swinging flashlight test (Marcus Gunn Pupil)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| With what symptom do you use the Marcus Gunn Reflex Technique? What is the Marcus-Gunn Reflex used to distinguish between? |
|
Definition
Pt with unilateral ptosis
Congenital Ptosis and Horner's Syndrome |
|
|
Term
| What findings on the Marcus Gunn Reflex Technique would indicate Congenital Ptosis? Horner's Syndrome? |
|
Definition
Congenital = M-G reflex response or upper eyelid opens with mouth opening
Horner's Syndrome - No change in the upper eyelid with mouth opening |
|
|
Term
| Which stage of Macular degeneration is most common? Which one is more damaging? |
|
Definition
Most Common - Dry Stage
Most Damaging - Wet Stage |
|
|
Term
| In which type of Macular degeneration stage do hemorrhages appear? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of cellulitis causes decreased eye movement and decreased visual acuity? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If the CC is Tunnel Vision, what is your DDx? |
|
Definition
| Glaucoma, Retinitis pigmentosa, Psychogenic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What vision indicates legally blind? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which gland is affected with an internal Hordeolum? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which gland is affected by a Chalazion? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which gland is affected by an external Hordeolum? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If CC is Exopthalmus what is DDx? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What CN III deficit is described as due to an unopposed lateral rectus (CN VI)? |
|
Definition
| Exotropia (walleye) (tropia = paralysis) |
|
|
Term
| What CN III deficit is described as multiple attempts to medially deviate the eye (CN III)? |
|
Definition
| Esophoria (phoria = weakness) |
|
|
Term
| What CN III deficit is described as an absolute loss of medial movement in the horizontal axis (CN III)? |
|
Definition
| Esotropia (tropia = paralysis) |
|
|
Term
| Which chart is used to test color vision? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which chart is used to test visual acuity? |
|
Definition
| Snellen Wall Chart or Rosenbaum Pocket Chart |
|
|
Term
| What chart helps asses macular degeneration? What findings will be seen if the dx is present? |
|
Definition
| Amsler Visual Grid - central grid is wavy |
|
|
Term
| What chart helps asses gross scotoma? What findings will be seen if the dx is present? |
|
Definition
| Amsler Visual Grid -multiple "blind spots" especially in the outside or edges of the grid |
|
|
Term
| What chart helps asses optic chiasm tumor? What findings will be seen if the dx is present? |
|
Definition
| Amsler visual grid - lose half of the grid |
|
|
Term
| When the CC is scalp tenderness, what condition would you suspect? |
|
Definition
| Temporal (Giant Cell) arteritis |
|
|
Term
| What are the two test for strabismus? |
|
Definition
Hirschberg method and Cover-uncover testing
Most accurate = Cover-Uncover Test |
|
|
Term
| If the pt has a horizontal (Altitudinal) visual field defect, where is the lesion location? |
|
Definition
Branch of central retinal artery
Ischemia of Optic Nerve |
|
|
Term
| If pt has blind rt eye visual field defect, where is the lesion location? blind lft eye? |
|
Definition
blind rt = right optic nerve
blind lft = left optic nerve |
|
|
Term
| If the pt has a Bitemporal Hemianopsia visual field defect, where is the lesion location? |
|
Definition
(Bitemporal = located at both temporals; Hemi = half)
Lesion located in Optic Chiasm |
|
|
Term
| If the pt has a Left Homonymous Hemianopsia visual field defect, where is the lesion location? |
|
Definition
(Homo = same side; Hemi = half)
Right Optic Tract (lesion always on opposite side of vision loss) |
|
|
Term
| Which eye muscle depresses the eye? (CN?) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which muscle adducts the eye? (CN?) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which muscle Abducts the eye? (CN?) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which muscle elevates the eye? (CN ?) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which muscle controls intorsion, depression and adduction of the eye? (CN ?) |
|
Definition
| Superior Oblique Muscle (CN IV) |
|
|
Term
| Which muscle controls Excyclotorsion, elevation and adduction? (CN ?) |
|
Definition
| Inferior Oblique Muscle (CN III) |
|
|
Term
| The term that describes - pupillary constriction? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the 4 signs of Horner's Syndrome? |
|
Definition
Miotic Pupil (dilation instead of constriction)
Ipsilateral Ptosis
Enopthalmus (Upward migration of lower eyelid)
Absent Marcus-gunn jaw wink sign |
|
|
Term
| If CC painful, photophobic RED eye what is your DDx? |
|
Definition
| Acute Angle Glaucoma (Especially with Nausea, Vomiting, IOP > 40 and Steamy Cornea) |
|
|
Term
| With CC of chronic pruritis and epiphoria what is DDx? |
|
Definition
| allergies and blepharitis |
|
|
Term
| With CC of Floaters or Flashing Lights, what is your DDx? |
|
Definition
| Retinal detachment, retinal tears |
|
|
Term
| With CC of Blurry Vision, what is your DDx? |
|
Definition
| Acute Glaucoma, Keratitis, Iridocylitis, Adie's pupil,, Retinal Detachment |
|
|
Term
| Which type of nerve injury is caused by uncal herniation or trauma to the orbit? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which CN Deficit is crosseye/esotropia that is usually caused by congenital deformity or trauma? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which CN deficit is described as walleye deformity, due to loss of medial movement in the horizontal plane? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are three causes of Mydriasis? |
|
Definition
Uncal Herniation
Topical Agent
Acute Angle Glaucoma |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is associated with rheumatologic dx, Episcleritis or Scleritis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following will have a mildly tender red macule or papule on section of the sclera, Episcleritis or Scleritis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following have a diffuse papular red lesion on the sclera and conjunctiva with one or more areas of bluish hue? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which ocular condition is described as bulbar conjunctivitis SPARING the limbus, non-exudative and non-ulcerative? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which condition is described as painless, self-limited red eye whose cause is usually trauma? |
|
Definition
| Subconjunctival Hemorrhage |
|
|
Term
| Which ocular condition is described as a neuronal dendrite seen on fluorescein stain? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which dx is characterized by a Kayser-Fleisher ring? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are lisch nodules? With lisch nodules present on exam, what is your Dx? |
|
Definition
| Clumps of pigment in the iris; Neurofibromatosis |
|
|
Term
| What must acute purulent conjunctivitis be evaluated with? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are Brushfield Spots? In what congenital condition are they seen in? |
|
Definition
| Hypopigmented structures in the iris; seen in Down's syndrome pts |
|
|
Term
| What red eye condition does pre-auricular adenopathy suggest? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What red eye condition do follicles on conjunctiva suggest? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does synechiae with an irregular pupil suggest? What condition might it be seen in? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If a crescent shadow is noted on nasal aspect of the iris, what does this indicate? |
|
Definition
| Anterior lens displacement as a result of increased IOP which puts the pt at an increased risk for acute narrow angle glaucoma. |
|
|
Term
| What does an absent red reflex indicate? What does leukocoria indicate? |
|
Definition
| Cataract; Leukocoria (White Reflex) indicates Retinoblastoma |
|
|
Term
| What does papilledema indicate? |
|
Definition
| Increased intercranial pressure |
|
|
Term
| What does the presence of a tear-drop pupil indicate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of bacterial infection are contact lens wearers predisposed to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A common lid abnormality in which the eyelashes are directed towards the globe, that is commonly seen with blepharitis is known as? |
|
Definition
|
|
