Term
| What is a chronic effect of ethanol? |
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Definition
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Term
| 22 yo female is beginning toxicity w/ lithium |
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Definition
| C- n/v, slurred speech, significant drowsiness |
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Term
| Which of hte following features makes lurasidone? |
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Definition
| B-partial agonist of the 5HT receptor |
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Term
| A 24 YO female, quetipine, most |
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Definition
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Term
| A 38 YO man, what drug could be used to rapidly reduce the severity of symptoms and what drug could be used to prevent olong term? |
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Definition
| A. Olanzipine for rapid, Divalroex for long term |
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Term
| CNS effects of opioid use, except: |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following statements best...meperiding? |
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Definition
| C-Strong opioid agonist that has a toxic metabolite |
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Term
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Definition
| B-increase the duration of anesthetic action |
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Term
| Which of the following statements regarding the use of antacids w/ Al and Mg are true? |
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Definition
| E- A, B, and C are correct |
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Term
| Which plasma protein play...glucocorticoids? |
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Definition
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Term
| The relatively large cortisol molecule- |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| GCC treatment is considered 1st line therapy in... |
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Definition
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Term
| Which penicillin is the strongest? Which was the first? |
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Definition
Pen VK-strongest
Pen G-first |
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Term
| Which penicillin is the most prescribed? |
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Definition
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Term
Herbals:
Bonset Tea
Nettle Tea
Goldenseal |
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Definition
Fever
Allergies
Herbal Antibiotics |
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Term
Herbals:
Yellow Root
Sassafras
Ramps |
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Definition
Ulcers
Anti-rheumatic, spring blood purifier
Spring blood purifier |
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Term
Herbals:
Senna/Cascarda sagrada
Slippery Elm/Marshmallow
Witch Hazel |
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Definition
Constipation
Demulcents
Astringent |
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Term
Herbals:
Aspirin
Artemisinin
Quinine |
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Definition
Fever relief
Malaria
Malaria |
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Term
Herbals:
Capsaicin
Digitalis
Etoposide |
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Definition
Neuralgia
CHF, A-fib
Small cell Ca lung |
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Term
Herbals:
Podophyllin
Pilocarpine
Taxol |
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Definition
Genital Warts
Glaucoma
Breast/Ovarian Cancer |
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Term
Herbals:
Vincristine
Warfarin
Reserpine |
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Definition
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Term
UNSAFE HERBALS:
Chaparral
Comfrey
Ephedra |
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Definition
Liver toxicity
Liver toxicity
Arrhythmias, HBP |
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Term
UNSAFE HERBALS:
-Lobelia:
-Pennyroyal
-Yohimbe: |
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Definition
Nervous System
CNS Toxicity
CNS Stimulation anxiety |
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Term
UNSAFE HERBALS:
-Aristolchia
-Germander
-Strephania |
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Definition
Nephrotoxicity
Hepatotoxicity
Bradycardia |
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Term
Herbals:
Aloe Vera
-Bear Berry
-Cascara Sagrada |
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Definition
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Term
Herbals:
Chamomile
Evening primrose
Fever Few |
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Definition
Digestive upset
Eczema, mastitis
Migrane Prophylaxis |
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Term
Herbals:
Ginger
Hawthorn
Horse Chestnut seed |
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Definition
Motion sickness
Heart failure
Varicose Veins |
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Term
Herbals:
Nettle
Senna
Valerian |
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Definition
Diuretic, BPH
Laxitive
Insomnia |
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Term
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Definition
Shickmic acid
Makes osetalmevir/tamiflu
drug stockpiled for potential bird flu endemic |
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Term
| Monascus perpureus yeast/Monacolin |
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Definition
When grown on rice, the yeast makes monoclon
Statins
ADR: Increase LFT, rabdomylosis |
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Term
| Galega officinhalis, Goats rue. Makes guanidine |
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Definition
Guanidine=natural biguanide
traditionally used for diabetes. Metformin/phenformin. (increase insulin sensitivity) |
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Term
DSHEA Statements (4)
What claim cannot be made? |
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Definition
1. Role in supplements affecting structure and function in humans
2. Documented mechanism that supplements acts to affect "structure and function"
3. Benefits due to dietary deficiency
4. Statements of general well being from consumption of the supplement
no CLAIM MADE TO TREAT, CURE, MITIGATE the disease |
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Term
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Definition
Stimulant warming herb
Ephedrine/Pseudoephedrine
Bronchodilator for asthma in china.
Popular for weight loss/lifting
Dangerous: OD, increase BP, tachycardia, arrhythmias, stroke |
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Term
| Ginkgo biloba: uses, SE, Caution, review? |
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Definition
Used for: increased mental activity, cerebrovascular disease, intermittent claudication, mild dementia, vertigo/tinnitis.
SE: hypersensitivity, bleed risk, nausea
CAUTION: avoid anti coagulants
Mixed results: Promising mild vasodilator, Little evidence of improvement of memnroy in healthy people/dimentia |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Milk Thistle Seed:
Status:
Claim: |
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Definition
Promising liver protector already used in europe.
Some success in mushroom poisoning. May shield liver from toxins--no evidence for chronic hepatitis or alcoholic cirrhosis |
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Term
St. Johns Wort:
-Use
-Se
-Caution
-Status |
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Definition
Anti-depresant
SE: photosensitivyt, nausea, dry mouth, restlessness, mania
Caution: SSRI, MAO (serotonin syndrome), preggz, alcohol, CYP
Effective for MILD DEPRESSION (not major depression) |
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Term
| What does St. Johns wort do to CYPs? What does grapefruit juice do to it? |
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Definition
St. Johns Wort: Inducer
Grapefruit Juice: Inhibitor |
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Term
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Definition
Contains naringen-->narnigenin in the gut
Naringenin: inhibits the cyp at high therapeutic levels. |
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Term
Kava:
Uses
Caution
Status
How long can you take it? |
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Definition
uses: anxiety (GABA receptor modifier), stress reduction
Caution: idiosyncratic liver toxicity, psychological dependence. Avoid alcohol, benzo's, levadopa
Status: effective. Some abuse potential.
LIMIT: 4 weeks |
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Term
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Definition
Stimulant: root used as an adaptogen (tonic herb) to increase stamina, sexual function
Caution: HTN, CV disease, avoid if preggz, steroids--ginseng abuse syndrome
May increase BP, may potentiate other stimulants |
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Term
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Definition
Improve lipid profile
Antibacterial
Antithrombotic
Antihypertensive
Antiinflammatory
Anticancer |
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Term
What is the active ingredient in garlic?
How does it work? What does it do? |
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Definition
Allicin:
Increase NO synthesis, decrease risk of blood clots, ONLY adjuvant for BP |
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Term
| What are phytoestrogens? Effectiveness? What are they used for? |
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Definition
PLANT STEROLS that bind to estrogen receptors.
Less effective than estradiol
Used to control menopausal symptoms as an alternate to HRT |
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Term
| Examples of phytoestrogens, what does each contain? |
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Definition
Soy-isofavones (genistein, dardzein)
Flax seed-Contains ligands
Black cohosh: contains triterpine/glycosides. NOT true phytoestrogen |
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Term
| What herbal may act as a SERM? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Used for hot flashes
Not a true phytoestrogen
Contains trierpine glycosides |
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Term
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Definition
Binds/stimulates SIR2 sirtuin enzyme. Mimic effect of caloric reduction/longevity.
Decrease HR and cancer risk
YAY WINE! |
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Term
Green Tea:
What does it contain
What does it do? |
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Definition
Contains EGCG. A powerful anti oxicant
Enhanced weight loss, decreased tooth decay, anti-inflammatory, HPV treatment, Cancer, CV risk reduction |
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Term
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Definition
| Deals w/ valcade. Keeps velcade from killing tumor cells (glioblastoma/multiple myeloma) |
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Term
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Definition
Anti-diabetic
Hypoglycemic potentiation |
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Term
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Definition
Used as an appetite suppressor
Contains molecule P57 that suppresses central appetite center |
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Term
Niacin:
what are the 2 forms. How do they differ. |
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Definition
Nicotinic Acid: Rx form. For lipids/HDL. Cause severe flushing. Increase LFT
Niacinamide/Nicotinimide: nutrition supplement. No flushing. No lipid lowering. May increase LFT |
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Term
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Definition
| 2 TBSP apple cider vinegar will decrease fasting/postprandial glucose. May be a practical aid to diabetics seeking to control blood sugars |
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Term
|
Definition
Sulfate most effective form
Used for Knee OA
Avoid if allergic to shellfish |
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Term
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Definition
Reduce risk of heart disease
No mortality reduction approved
Active cmpounds: DHA, EPA |
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