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PCC MP 111 Chapter 03
Medical Terminology: Gastroenterolgy-Gastrointestinal System
342
Health Care
Undergraduate 1
10/01/2010

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Term
-ac
Definition
pertaining to
Term
-al
Definition
pertaining to
Term
-ar
Definition
pertaining to
Term
-ate
Definition
composed of; pertaining to
Term
-ated
Definition
pertaining to a condition; composed of
Term
-ation
Definition
a process; being or having
Term
-cele
Definition
hernia
Term
-ence
Definition
state of
Term
-entery
Definition
condition of the intestines
Term
-eon
Definition
one who performs
Term
-grade
Definition
pertaining to going
Term
-gram
Definition
record; picture
Term
-graphy
Definition
process of recording
Term
-ice
Definition
state; quality
Term
-in
Definition
a substance
Term
-ion
Definition
action; condition
Term
-itis
Definition
inflammation of; infection of
Term
-ity
Definition
condition; state
Term
-ive
Definition
pertaining to
Term
-lith
Definition
stone
Term
-megaly
Definition
enlargement
Term
-oid
Definition
resembling
Term
-oma
Definition
tumor; mass
Term
-opsy
Definition
process of viewing
Term
-osis
Definition
condition; abnormal condition; process
Term
-osis
Definition
condition; abnormal condition; process
Term
-pathy
Definition
disease; suffering
Term
-plasty
Definition
process of reshaping by surgery
Term
-rrhaphy
Definition
procedure of suturing
Term
-rrhea
Definition
flow; discharge
Term
ABD
Definition
abdomen
Term
ALP
Definition
alkaline phosphatase
Term
ALT
Definition
alanine transaminase; previously SGOT
Term
AST
Definition
aspartate transaminase; previously SGPT
Term
BE
Definition
barium enema
Term
BM
Definition
bowel movement
Term
BRBPR
Definition
nrigbht red blood per rectum
Term
BS
Definition
bowel sounds
Term
C&S
Definition
culture & sensitivity; a diagnostic test of a culture that determines which bacterium is causing an intestinal infection and a sensitivity test to determine which antibiotic drugs it is sensitive to
Term
CBD
Definition
common bile duct
Term
CLO test
Definition
campylobacter-like organism; test to detect the presence of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori
Term
EGD
Definition
esophagogastroduodenoscopy
Term
ERCP
Definition
endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
Term
GGT or GGTP
Definition
gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase
Term
HCI
Definition
hydrochloric acid
Term
Hepatitis A
Definition
Liver disease-acute, short-lived with most persons recovering completely. AKA-Infectious Hepatitis
Term
Hepatitis B
Definition
chronic liver disease-acute infection, many recover completely (HBV) AKA-Serum Hepatitis
Term
Hepatitis C
Definition
chronic liver disease-acute infection from exposure to contaminated needles or blood (HCV)
Term
Hepatitis D
Definition
chronic liver disease-secondary infection caused by mutated hepatitis virus in persons having Hepatitis B AKA-Delta Hepatitis
Term
Hepatitis E
Definition
chronic liver disease-similar to Hepatitis A, rarely occurs in the United States
Term
IBD
Definition
inflammatory bowel disease
Term
IBS
Definition
irritable bowel syndrome
Term
IVC
Definition
intravenous cholangiography
Term
LES
Definition
lower esophageal sphincter
Term
LFT
Definition
liver function tests including: albumin, bilirubin, ALT, AST, GST, and prothrombin time
Term
LLQ
Definition
left lower quadrant
Term
LUQ
Definition
left upper quadrant
Term
NG
Definition
nasogastric
Term
NPO
Definition
nil per os; nothing by mouth
Term
O&P
Definition
ova & parasites; diagnostic test to determine if there is a parasitic infection in the gastrointestinal tract
Term
OCG
Definition
oral cholecystography
Term
PEG
Definition
percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy; process to create a temporary or permanent opening from the abdominal wall into the stomach to insert a gastrostomy feeding tube
Term
PEG
Definition
percutaneous endoscopic gastronomy
Term
PEJ
Definition
percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy
Term
PTC
Definition
percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography
Term
PUD
Definition
peptic ulcer disease
Term
PVD
Definition
peripheral vascular disease
Term
RLQ
Definition
right lower quandrant
Term
RUQ
Definition
right upper quadrant
Term
UGI
Definition
upper gasto-intestinal series
Term
a.c.
Definition
ante cibum; before meals
Term
abdomen
Definition
celio/-
abdomin/o-
lapar/o-
ventr/o-
Term
abdominocentesis
Definition
procedure to puncture the abdomen
Term
absorpt/o-
Definition
absorb; take in
Term
absorption
Definition
process by which digested nutrients move through villi of the small intestine and into the blood
Term
acidic
Definition
pertaining to having a low pH
Term
aden/o-
Definition
gland
Term
adenocarcinoma
Definition
cancerous tumor of a gland
Term
adhes/o-
Definition
to stick to
Term
adhesion
Definition
action to stick to
Term
ailment/o-
Definition
food; nourishment
Term
albumin
Definition
major protein molecule in the blood produced by the liver
Term
amyl/o-
Definition
starch; carbohydrate
Term
amylase
Definition
digestive enzyme in saliva that begins digestion of carbohydrates in the mouth; also secreted by the pancreas to finish the digestion of carbohydrates in the small intestine
Term
an/o-
Definition
anus
Term
anastom/o-
Definition
create an opening between two structures
Term
anastomosis
Definition
process of creating an opening between two structures
Term
anorexia
Definition
condition without appetite
Term
antacid
Definition
against acid
Term
anti-
Definition
against
Term
antibiotic
Definition
pertaining to against a living organism
Term
antidiarrheal
Definition
pertaining to against the complete flow
Term
antiemetic
Definition
pertaining to against vomiting
Term
aphth/o-
Definition
ulcer
Term
aphthous
Definition
pertaining to an ulcer
Term
append/o-
Definition
appendix
Term
appendectomy
Definition
surgical excision of the appendix
Term
appendic/o-
Definition
appendix
Term
appendicitis
Definition
inflammation of the appendix
Term
ascitic
Definition
pertaining to the ascites
Term
barium enema
Definition
procedure that uses liquid radiopaque contrast medium instilled into the rectum and colon which helps to identify polyps, diverticula, ulcerative colitis, and colon cancer
Term
bi/o-
Definition
life; living organism; living tissue
Term
bile duct
Definition
cholang/o-
choledoch/o-
bil/o-
Term
bili/o-
Definition
bile; gall
Term
bilirubin
Definition
a red bile substance
Term
biopsy
Definition
process of viewing living tissue
Term
cancer/o-
Definition
cancer
Term
carcin/o-
Definition
cancer
Term
carcinoma
Definition
cancerous tumor
Term
cec/o-
Definition
cecum
Term
celi/o-
Definition
abdomen
Term
celiac
Definition
pertaining to the abdomen
Term
cellul/o
Definition
cell
Term
cheilitis
Definition
inflammation of the lip
Term
chez/o-
Definition
to pass feces
Term
chlor/o-
Definition
chloride
Term
chol/e-
Definition
bile; gall
Term
cholangi/o-
Definition
bile duct
Term
cholangiogram
Definition
a picture of the bile duct
Term
cholangiography
Definition
process of recording the bile duct
Term
cholangiopancreatography
Definition
process of recording the bile duct and pancreas
Term
cholangitis
Definition
inflammation of the bile duct
Term
cholecyst/o-
Definition
gallbladder
Term
cholecystectomy
Definition
surgical excision of the gallbladder
Term
cholecystitis
Definition
inflammation of the gallbladder
Term
cholecystogram
Definition
a picture of the gallbladder
Term
cholecystography
Definition
process of recording the gallbladder
Term
cholecystokinin
Definition
hormone secreted by the duodenum when it receives fatty chyme from the stomach and it stimulates the gallbladder to release bile amd the pancreas to release its digestive enzymes
Term
choledoch/o-
Definition
common bile duct
Term
choledocholithiasis
Definition
state of having a stone in the common bile duct
Term
choledocholithotomy
Definition
making an incision to remove a gallstone from the common bile duct
Term
cholelithiasis
Definition
state of having gallbladder stones
Term
cirrh/o-
Definition
yellow
Term
cirrhosis
Definition
abnormal yellow condition of the liver
Term
col/o-
Definition
colon
Term
colic
Definition
pertaining to the colon
Term
colitis
Definition
inflammation of the colon
Term
colon/o-
Definition
colon
Term
colonscopy
Definition
process of using an instrument to examine the colon
Term
colorectal
Definition
pertaining to the colon and rectum
Term
colostomy
Definition
surgically created opening to the colon
Term
constip/o-
Definition
compacted feces
Term
constipation
Definition
a process of compacted feces
Term
contin/o-
Definition
hold together
Term
cutane/o-
Definition
skin
Term
defecation
Definition
process by which undigested materials and water are removed from the body as a bowel movement
Term
degluti/o-
Definition
swallowing
Term
dia-
Definition
complete; completely through
Term
diarrhea
Definition
flow completely through
Term
digest
Definition
peps/o-
pept/o-
digest/o-
Term
digest/o-
Definition
break down food; digest
Term
digestion
Definition
process of mechanically and chemically breaking down food into nutrients that can be used by the body
Term
diverticul/o-
Definition
diverticulum
Term
diverticulitis
Definition
inflammation of the diverticulum
Term
diverticulosis
Definition
condition of the diverticulum
Term
duoden/o-
Definition
duodenum
Term
dysentery
Definition
condition of painful intestines
Term
dyspepsia
Definition
condition of painful digestion
Term
dysphagia
Definition
condition of painful eating
Term
elimination
Definition
process in which undigested materials and water are eliminated from the body
Term
emet/o-
Definition
vomit
Term
emulsific/o-
Definition
droplets of fat suspended in a liquid
Term
emulsification
Definition
process in which bile breaks down fat droplets into smaller droplets
Term
endo-
Definition
innermost; within
Term
endoscope
Definition
instrument used to examine within
Term
endoscopic
Definition
pertaining to examining the innermost with an instrument
Term
endoscopy
Definition
process of using an instrument to examine within
Term
enter/o-
Definition
intestine
Term
enteritis
Definition
inflammation of the intestine
Term
enteropathy
Definition
disease of the intestine
Term
enzymes
Definition
proteins that speed up chemical reactions in the body by breaking chemical bonds in large food molecules; enzymes are produced by the salivary glands, stomach, small intestine, and pancreas
Term
esophag/o-
Definition
esophagus
Term
esophagitis
Definition
inflammation of the esophagus
Term
esophagogastroduodenoscopy
Definition
process of using an instrument to examine the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum
Term
esophagoscopy
Definition
process of using an instrument to examine the esophagus
Term
fats
Definition
steat/o-
lip/o-
Term
fec/a-
Definition
stool; feces
Term
fec/o-
Definition
stool; feces
Term
fecalith
Definition
feces stone
Term
feces
Definition
formed, solid waste compised of undigested material, bacteria, and water that is elminated from the body; AKA stool
Term
flatul/o-
Definition
flatus; gas
Term
flatulence
Definition
state of gas
Term
flatus
Definition
gas produced by bacteria that inhabit the large intestine
Term
gastr/o-
Definition
stomach
Term
gastrectomy
Definition
surgical excision of the stomach
Term
gastric analysis
Definition
diagnostic test to determine the amount of hydrochloric acid in the stomach
Term
gastrin
Definition
hormone produced by the stomach to stimulate the release of hydrochloric acid and pepsinogen in the stomach
Term
gastritis
Definition
inflammation of the stomach
Term
gastroenteritis
Definition
inflammation of the stomach and intestine
Term
gastroenterologist
Definition
one who specializes in the study of the stomach and intestine
Term
gastroplasty
Definition
process of reshaping by surgery the stomach
Term
gastroscopy
Definition
process of using an instrument to examine the stomach
Term
gloss/o-
Definition
tongue
Term
glossitis
Definition
inflammation of the tongue
Term
gravidarum
Definition
of pregnancy
Term
gustat/o-
Definition
the sense of taste
Term
hemat/o-
Definition
blood
Term
hematemesis
Definition
vomiting blood
Term
hematochezia
Definition
condition of passing bloody feces
Term
hemorrh/o-
Definition
a flowing of blood
Term
hemorrhoid
Definition
resembling the flowing of blood
Term
hemorrhoidectomy
Definition
surgical excision of hemorrhoids
Term
hepat/o-
Definition
liver
Term
hepatitis
Definition
inflammation of the liver
Term
hepatocelluar
Definition
pertaining to the liver cell
Term
hepatoma
Definition
liver tumor
Term
hepatomegaly
Definition
enlargement of the livr
Term
hepatosplenomegaly
Definition
enlargement of the liver and spleen
Term
herniorrhaphy
Definition
procedure of suturing a hernia
Term
hiat/o-
Definition
gap; opening
Term
hiatal
Definition
pertaining to a gap
Term
hydr/o-
Definition
water; fluid
Term
hydrochloric acid
Definition
strong acid produced by the stomach to break down food, kill microorganisms in food, and pepsinogen in the stomach
Term
hyperemesis
Definition
condition of vomiting more than normal
Term
ile/o-
Definition
ileum
Term
ileostomy
Definition
surgically created opening to the ileum
Term
im-
Definition
not
Term
imperforate anus
Definition
pertaining to not having an anal opening
Term
in-
Definition
in; within; not
Term
incarcer/o-
Definition
to imprison
Term
incarcerated
Definition
pertaining to a condition of imprisonment
Term
incis/o-
Definition
to cut into
Term
incisional
Definition
pertaining to a cutting action
Term
incontinence
Definition
state of not holding together
Term
infect/o-
Definition
disease within
Term
infectious
Definition
pertaining to disease within
Term
inguin/o-
Definition
groin
Term
inguinal
Definition
pertaining to the groin
Term
intestin/o-
Definition
intestine
Term
intestine
Definition
enter/o-
intestin/o-
Term
intra-
Definition
within
Term
intravenous
Definition
pertaining to within the vein
Term
jaund/o-
Definition
yellow
Term
jaundice
Definition
state of yellow
Term
jejun/o-
Definition
jejunum
Term
jejunostomy
Definition
surgically creating an opening to the jenunum
Term
kin/o-
Definition
movement
Term
lact/o-
Definition
milk
Term
lactase
Definition
digestive enzyme secreted by the pancreas to break down fat globules in the duodenum into fatty acids
Term
lapar/o-
Definition
abdomen
Term
laparoscope
Definition
instrument used to examine the abdomen
Term
laparoscopic
Definition
pertaining to examining the abdomen with an instrument
Term
laparotomy
Definition
process of cutting into the abdomen
Term
lingu/o-
Definition
tongue
Term
lip/o-
Definition
fat; lipid
Term
lipase
Definition
digestive enzyme secreted by the pancreas to break down fat globules in the duodenum into fatty acids
Term
magnet/o-
Definition
magnet
Term
magnetic
Definition
pertaining to a magnet
Term
mal-
Definition
bad; inadequate
Term
malrotation
Definition
condition of bad rotation
Term
mandibul/o-
Definition
lower jaw; mandible
Term
mastic/o-
Definition
chewing
Term
mouth
Definition
stomat/o-
or/o-
Term
nas/o-
Definition
nose
Term
nasogastric
Definition
pertaining to the nose and stomach
Term
obstip/o-
Definition
severe constipation
Term
obstipation
Definition
having severe constipation
Term
obstruct/o-
Definition
blocked by a barrier
Term
obstructive
Definition
pertaining to being blocked by a barrier
Term
omphal/o-
Definition
umbilicus; navel
Term
omphalocele
Definition
navel hernia
Term
oncologist
Definition
one who specializes in the study of masses
Term
or/o-
Definition
mouth
Term
orex/o-
Definition
appetite
Term
ot/o-
Definition
ear
Term
p.c.
Definition
post cibum; after meals
Term
pancreat/o-
Definition
pancreas
Term
pancreatitis
Definition
inflammation of the pancreas
Term
pass feces
Definition
chez/o-
fec/a-
fec/o-
Term
pelv/o-
Definition
pelvis; hip bone; renal pelvis
Term
peps/o-
Definition
digestion
Term
pepsin
Definition
digestive enzyme in the stomach that break down protein foods into large proten molecules
Term
pepsin/o-
Definition
pepsin
Term
pepsinogen
Definition
inactive substqance produced by the stomach that is converted by hydrochloric acid to the digestive enzyme pepsin
Term
per-
Definition
through; throughout
Term
percutaneous
Definition
pertaining to through the skin
Term
perfor/o-
Definition
to have an opening
Term
periton/o-
Definition
peritoneum
Term
peritone/o-
Definition
peritoneum
Term
peritonitis
Definition
inflammation of the peritoneum
Term
pharyng/o-
Definition
throat; pharnyx
Term
polyp/o-
Definition
polyp
Term
polypectomy
Definition
surgical excision of a polyp
Term
polyphagia
Definition
condition of much eating
Term
polyposis
Definition
condition of a polyp
Term
postoperative
Definition
pertaining to after surgery
Term
proct/o-
Definition
rectum
Term
proctitis
Definition
inflammation of the rectum
Term
pylor/o-
Definition
pylorus
Term
pyrosis
Definition
condition of burning
Term
rect/o-
Definition
rectum
Term
rectocele
Definition
rectum hernia
Term
rectum
Definition
proct/o-
rect/o-
Term
regurgitat/o-
Definition
flow backward
Term
regurgitation
Definition
condition of backward flow
Term
resect/o-
Definition
to cut out; remove
Term
resection
Definition
action to cut out
Term
retro-
Definition
behind; backward
Term
retrograde
Definition
pertaining to going behind
Term
rotat/o-
Definition
rotate
Term
rub/o-
Definition
red
Term
saliv/o-
Definition
saliva
Term
saliva
Definition
gloss/o-
saliv/o-
Term
scop/o-
Definition
examine with an instru,ment
Term
sensitiv/o-
Definition
affected by; sensitive to
Term
serum
Definition
fluid portion of the blood without the cells and clotting factors
Term
sial/o-
Definition
saliva
Term
sialolith
Definition
salivary gland stone
Term
sialolithiasis
Definition
state of a salivary gland stone
Term
sigmoid/o-
Definition
sigmoid colon
Term
sigmoidoscopy
Definition
process of using an instrument to examine the sigmoid colon
Term
son/o-
Definition
sound
Term
sonogram
Definition
a record made with sound
Term
spast/o-
Definition
spasm
Term
spastic
Definition
pertaining to the spasm
Term
stal/o-
Definition
contraction
Term
steat/o-
Definition
fat
Term
steatorrhea
Definition
discharge of fat
Term
stoma
Definition
a surgically created opening like a mouth
Term
stomat/o-
Definition
mouth
Term
stomatitis
Definition
inflammation of the oral mucosa of the mouth
Term
supposit/o-
Definition
placed beneath
Term
suppository
Definition
having the function of placed beneath
Term
surg/o-
Definition
operative procedure
Term
surgeon
Definition
one who performs an operative procedure
Term
tom/o-
Definition
cut; slice; layer
Term
tomography
Definition
process of recording a cut
Term
tongue
Definition
gloss/o-
lingu/o-
Term
trans-
Definition
across; through
Term
transhepatic
Definition
pertaining to through the liver
Term
transplanation
Definition
a process of moving something to another place
Term
transplant/o-
Definition
move something to another place
Term
ulcerat/o-
Definition
ulcer
Term
ulcerative
Definition
pertaining to the ulcer
Term
umbilic/o-
Definition
umbilicus; navel
Term
umbilical
Definition
pertaining to the navel
Term
umbilicus, navel
Definition
omphal/o-
umbilic/o-
Term
ven/o-
Definition
vein
Term
ventr/o-
Definition
abdomen; front
Term
ventral
Definition
pertaining to the abdomen
Term
vir/o-
Definition
virus
Term
viral
Definition
pertaining to a virus
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