Term
| What is another name for patient vital signs? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the patient's vital signs? |
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Definition
1. Body temperature
2. Pulse
3. Respirations
4. Blood pressure |
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Term
| Is a physician's order needed for the radiographer to take the vital signs of a patient? |
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Definition
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Term
| Body temperature is controlled by a small structure in the basal region of the diencephalon of the brain called the ____________. |
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Definition
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Term
| When the patient's body temperature is elevated above normal limits, the patient has a _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is another name for fever? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the fever symptoms? (name 6) |
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Definition
1. Increased pulse
2. Increased respiration rate
3. General discomfort or aching
4. Flushed dry skin that feels hot to the touch
5. Chills
6. Loss of appetite |
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Term
| Fevers that are allowed to remain very high for a prolonged period of time can cause irreparable damage to the ______ _______ system. |
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Definition
| central nervous system (CNS) |
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Term
| A person with a body temperature below normal limits is said to have ___________. |
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Definition
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Term
| (True or False) It is rare for a person to survive with a body temperature between 105.8 and 111.2 degrees fahrenheit. |
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Definition
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Term
| There are four areas of the body in which temperature is usually measured. What are they? |
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Definition
1. Oral
2. Tympanic
3. Rectal
4. Axillary |
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Term
| Oral temperature is taken where? What is the average temperature reading? |
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Definition
| Under the tongue; 98.6 degrees fahrenheit |
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Term
| Axillary temperature is taken where? What is the average temperature reading? |
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Definition
| Under the armpit; 97.6 degrees fahrenheit |
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Term
| Rectal temperature is taken where? What is the average temperature reading? |
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Definition
| Inside the anal opening to the rectum; 99.6 degrees fahrenheit |
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Term
| Tympanic temperature is taken where? What is the average temperature reading? |
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Definition
| Inside the ear canal; slightly higher than oral ~ 99 degrees fahrenheit |
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Term
| A tympanic membrane thermometer can also be called an _____ thermometer. |
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Definition
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Term
| At which body site is the safest method of measuring body temperature? Why? |
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Definition
| Axillary; it's non-invasive |
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Term
| Which temperature measuring site is considered the most reliable? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of thermometer do you use when taking a rectal temperature? |
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Definition
| Use a blunt tip thermometer |
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Term
| Where do you take the apical pulse? |
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Definition
| Over the apex of the heart |
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Term
| What are the different areas that you can take a person's pulse? (name 9) |
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Definition
1. Apical (over apex of heart)
2. Radial (radial artery of wrist)
3. Carotid (carotid artery at front of neck)
4. Femoral (femoral artery in the groin)
5. Popliteal (posterior surface of the knee)
6. Temporal (temporal artery in front of the ear)
7. Dorsal Pedis (top of foot in line with the groove between extensor tendons of the great and second toes)
8. Posterior Tibial (inner side of ankles)
9. Brachial (above the elbow at the anticubital fossa) |
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Term
| Ordinarily, a rapid pulse rate = (high/low) blood pressure, and a slower pulse rate = (high/low) blood pressure. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the normal pulse rate for an adult? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the normal pulse rate for a child (4-10 yrs old)? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the normal pulse rate for an infant? |
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Definition
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Term
| An abnormally rapid heart rate (over 100 beats/min) is referred to as what? |
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Definition
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Term
| An abnormally slow heart rate (below 60 beats/min) is referred to as what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most accessible location to take a pulse? |
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Definition
| The radial pulse location |
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Term
| The ______ pulse is the most accurate in infants and children. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the average respiration rate for an adult? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the average respiration rate for an infant? |
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Definition
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Term
| Someone using more than a normal effort to breath is described as being ________ or as having _______. |
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Definition
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Term
| What 4 characteristics should be observed when assessing respiration? |
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Definition
1. Rate
2. Depth
3. Quality
4. Pattern |
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Term
| ________ is the highest point reached during contraction of the left ventricle of the heart as it pumps blood into the aorta. |
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Definition
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Term
| _________ is the lowest point to which the pressure drops during relaxation of the ventricles and indicates the minimal pressure exerted against the arterial walls continuously. |
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Definition
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Term
| If the volume of blood decreases, the blood pressure (rises/falls) |
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Definition
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Term
| Increased number of red blood cells in the blood plasma/increased viscosity (increases/decreases) blood pressure. |
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Definition
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Term
| What can increase blood pressure? (name 5) |
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Definition
1. Increased cardiac output
2. Increased peripheral vascular resistance
3. Increased blood volume
4. Increased blood viscosity
5. Decreased arterial elasticity |
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Term
| Emotions and strenuous activity usually cause _______ blood pressure to increase. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the two types of sphygmomanometers? |
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Definition
1. Mercury manometer (most accurate)
2. Aneroid manometer |
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Term
| A ____ of a stethoscope transmits low sounds and should held lightly against the skin |
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Definition
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Term
| A _______ of a stethoscope transmits high-pitched sounds and should be held firmly against the skin. |
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Definition
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Term
| Blood pressure should be taken on the ____ arm above the brachial artery. |
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Definition
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Term
| Extraneous sounds such as tapering, knocking, or swishing are known as _________ sounds and they must be recorded. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the normal range of blood pressure readings for adults? |
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Definition
Systolic: 90-120 mm Hg
Diastolic: 50-70 mm Hg |
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Term
| What is the normal range of blood pressure readings for adolescents? |
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Definition
Systolic: 85-130 mm Hg
Diastolic: 45-85 mm Hg |
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Term
| When pulmonary function is disturbed, the level of oxygen in the arterial blood becomes inadequate to meet the patient's physiological needs. This condition is referred to as _________. |
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Definition
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Term
| ___________ is a condition in which carbon dioxide is retained in the arterial blood. |
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Definition
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Term
| The laboratory test that is done to test the arterial blood for concentration of oxygen, carbon dioxide, bicarbonate, acidity, and the saturation of hemoglobin with oxygen is called what? |
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Definition
| Arterial Blood Gases Test (ABGs) |
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Term
| The effectiveness of pulmonary function is most accurately measured with what kind of test? |
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Definition
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Term
| _____ ________ is used to measure the oxygen saturation of hemoglobin (SaO2). |
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Definition
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Term
| Normal SaO2 (oxygen saturation of hemoglobin) values range from __% to ___%. Values less than __% indicate that the tissues are not receiving adequate oxygen. |
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Definition
| Normal: 95% - 100% Abnormal: 85% or < |
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Term
| (True or False) Excessive amounts of oxygen may produce toxic effects on the lungs and CNS or may depress ventilation. |
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Definition
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Term
| Mild oxygen toxicity may produce reversible ________________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Severe oxygen toxicity may cause irreversible ___________ lung injury. |
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Definition
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Term
| High flow rates of oxygen are toxic to patients who have ____ because their respiration is controlled by higher levels of carbon dioxide in the blood. |
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Definition
| COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) |
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Term
| The concentration of oxygen delivered by nasal cannula varies from __% - __% depending on the amount of room air inspired by the patient. |
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Definition
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Term
| A _____ ________ is a French-tipped catheter that is inserted into one nostril until it reaches the oral pharynx. It delivers 1 - 5 LPM flow rates. |
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Definition
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Term
| Nasal cannula delivers _ - _ LPM flow rates (as perscribed). |
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Definition
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Term
| A simple ____ ____ is used to deliver oxygen for short periods of time. |
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Definition
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Term
| Concentration of oxygen delivered by a simple face mask varies from __% - __%, and it should be run at no less than 5 LPM. |
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Definition
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Term
| A _____________ face mask supplies 100% oxygen. It has a reservoir bag that is filled with O2. A valve prevents the exhaled gases from entering the reservoir bag and prevents rebreathing of exhaled gases. |
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Definition
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Term
| A ______ ___________ mask delivers 60% - 90% oxygen. It operates similar to the nonrebreather mask. It does not have a valve between the mask and the bag; therefore, exhaled air flows into the reservoir bag and allows the patient to breath a mixture of oxygen and carbon dioxide. |
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Definition
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Term
| A ______ mask limits oxygen to 24% - 50% by mixing room air and the oxygen in specific percentages. |
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Definition
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Term
| An _______ mask provides 60% - 80% oxygen mixed with particles of water. |
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Definition
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Term
| A _______ _________ is normally seen being used on patients in acute respiratory failure. |
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Definition
| mechanical ventilator (respirator) |
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Term
| A catheter is inserted into the trachea and tubing is connected to a portable O2 tank for the ____________ oxygen delivery method. |
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Definition
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Term
| A patient using a home oxygen delivery system may be using oxygen that is delivered as _________ ___, as a liquid, or by means of an ______ __________. |
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Definition
| 1. Compressed Gas 2. Liquid 3. Oxygen Concentrator |
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