Term
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Definition
a state in which the pH of artrial blood is less than 7.35. |
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Term
intracellular fluid (ICF) |
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Definition
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extracellular fluid (ECF) |
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Definition
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the two main ECF compartments |
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Definition
interstitial fluid
intravascular fluid |
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Definition
a family of water channel protiens that provide permeability to water at the capillary membrane |
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Definition
| the movement of fluid back and forth across the capillay wall |
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Definition
| Net filtration= (forces favoring filtration) - (Forces opposing filtration) |
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Definition
| the accumulation of fluid within the interstitial spaces |
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Term
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Definition
| proteins and fluid accumulate in the interstital space |
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Term
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Definition
| neurons located in the hypothalmus that are stimulated by increasing osmolality |
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Term
volume-sensitive receptors
and
baroreceptors |
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Definition
| nerve endings that are sensitive to changes in volume and pressure |
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Term
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Definition
| the major anion in the extracellular fluid |
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Term
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Definition
| mineralocorticoid synthesized and created from the adrenal cortex. it is secreted when the sodium levels are depressed, potassium levels are increased or renal profusion is decreased. It increases the reabsorption of sodium and secretion of potassium |
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Term
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Definition
an enzyme secreted by the juxtaglomerular cells of the kidney, is released in response to sympathetic nerve stimulation and decreased perfusion of the renal vasculature. stimulates the formation of angiotensin
1 |
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Term
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Definition
| an inactive polypeptide which turns into angiotensin II |
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Term
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Definition
| two major functions: stimulates the secretion of aldosterone, causes vasoconstriciton |
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Term
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Definition
| the sodium and water regulation mechanism |
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Term
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Definition
| hormones produced by the heart, brain and kidney and work to decrease blood pressure and increase sodium and water excretion |
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Term
| isotonic volume depletion |
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Definition
| causes contraction of the ECF volume with the resulting weight loos, dryness of skin and mucous membranes, decreased urine output, symptoms of hypovolemia |
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Term
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Definition
most commonly caused by excessive administration of
IV fluids, hyper-secretion of aldosterone, or the effects of drugs such as cortisone |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs when serum sodium levels exceed 147 mEq/L. may be caused by an acute gain in sodium or loss of water. |
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Term
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Definition
| greater than normal amounts of chloride in the blood, can be expected with hypernatremia or metabolic acidosis |
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Term
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Definition
| sodium deficit in the blood |
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Term
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Definition
| usually caused by diuretics and external losses such as vomiting, diarrhea, gastrointestinal suctioning or burns |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs when there is an excess of TBW in relation to total body sodium or a shift of water from the ICF to ECF space. hypotonic fluid, mannitol, or excessive sweating can cause |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs when there is an excess of TBW in relation to total body sodium or a shift of water from the ICF to ECF space. hypotonic fluid, mannitol, or excessive sweating can cause |
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Term
| Acute orthostatic hypotension |
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