Term
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Definition
| The deleterious effects of hypersensitivity to environmental antigens. |
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Term
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Definition
disturbance in the immunologic tolerance of self-antigens
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Term
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Definition
| occur when the immune system reacts against self-antigens to such a degree that the person's own tissues are damaged. |
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Term
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Definition
| Altered Immunologic response to an antigen that results in disease or damage to the host. |
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Term
Alloimmunity
(Isoimmunity) |
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Definition
| Immune system produces an immunologic reaction against tissues of another individual. (transfusions, organ transplant, or fetus during pregnancy) |
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Term
Autoimmune Disorders
Endocrine System |
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Definition
Hyperthyroidism (Graves Disease), Addison Disease,
Autoimmune Thyroiditis, Premature Gonadal Failure
Primary myxedema, Male infertility, Orchitis, Female infertility, Idiopathic hypoparathyroidism, Partial pituitary deficiency
Insulin-dependent diabetes |
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Term
Autoimmunity Disorders
Skin |
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Definition
| Pemphigus vulgaris, Bullous pemphigoid, Dermatitis herpetaformis, Vitiligo |
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Term
Autoimmunity Disorders
Neuromuscular Tissues |
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Definition
| Polymyositis, multiple sclerosis, Myasthenia gravis, Polyneuritis, Rheumatic fever, Cardiomyopathy, Postvaccinal or postinfectious encephalitis. |
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Term
Autoimmunity Disorders
GI system |
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Definition
| Celiac disease (gluten-sensitive enteropathy), ulcerative colitis, crohn disease, pernicious anemia, atrophic gastritis, Primary biliary cirrhosis, Chronic active hepatitis |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Autoimmune disorders
Connective Tissue |
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Definition
| Anklyosing spondylitis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Systemic lupus erythematosus, Mixed connective tissue disease, Polyarteritis nodosa (necrotizing vasculitis), scleroderma, Felty syndrome, Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. |
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Term
Autoimmune Disorders
Renal system |
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Definition
| Immune complex glomuleronephritis, Goodpasture disease |
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Term
Autoimmune Disorders
Hematologic System |
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Definition
| Idiopathic Neutropenia, Idiopathic lymphopenia, Autoimmune hemolytic anemia, Autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura |
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Term
Autoimmune Disorders
Respiratory System |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Mediated by antigen specific IgE and the products of tissue mast cells. Most common allergies(seasonal allergies) are in this category. Reaction: immediate. Cell involved: mast cells |
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Term
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Definition
| Tissue-specific reaction. Antibodies: IgG, IgM. Immediate Reaction. Cells involved: Macrophages in tissues. Complement participation. Examples: Graves disease, Autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Antibody binds to antigen on cell surface. |
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Term
| Type III Hypersensitivity |
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Definition
| Immune-complex mediated reaction. Reaction: Immediate. Antibody: IgG, IgM. Cells involved: neutrophils. Complement involved. Example: Systemic lupus erythematosus. Antibody binds to soluble antigen in bloodstream and tissues are affected. |
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Term
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Definition
| Cell-mediated Reaction, Delayed reaction. Antibody: None - mediated by T-lymphocytes. Cells effected:Lymphocytes, Macrophages. No Complement activation. Contact sensitivity to poison ivy and jewelry. TB antigen test is an example of this response. |
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Term
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Definition
| The tendency of some people to be genetically predisposed to allergies |
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Term
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Definition
Hives- wheal and flare reaction usually accompanied by itching. |
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Term
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Definition
| Can be achieved in some individuals by injecting minute quantities of the allergen into the individual over a prolonged period. |
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Term
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Definition
| Occurs with Type IV delayed reactions and consists of lesions at the point of contact with the allergen. |
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Term
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Definition
| Immediate hypersensitivity reactions and are characterized by widespread lesions |
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Term
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Definition
| Maternal antibody against the receptor for TSH causes neonatal hyperthyroidism |
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Term
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Definition
| Maternal antibody binds witg receptors for neural transmitters on muscle cells causing neonatal muscle weakness. |
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Term
Systemic lupus erythematosus
(SLE) |
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Definition
Chronic, multisystem, inflammatory disease. One of the most common, complex and serious autoimmune disorders. Characterized by production of a lot of autoantibodies against many self-components. |
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Term
Clinical Manifestations of SLE |
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Definition
| Facial Rash on cheeks, Photosensitivity, oral and/or nasopharyngeal ulcers, renal disorder, arthritis in at least two peripheral joints, presence of antinuclear antibody (ANA) |
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Term
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Definition
Immediate and rare rejection of a transplanted organ |
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Term
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Definition
Cell-mediated immune response that occurs days to months from date of transplant. Recipient develops and immune response against unmatched HLAs. |
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Term
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Definition
May occur after months or years of normal function. Characterized by slow, progressive organ failure. |
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Term
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Definition
| Failure of mechanisms of self-defense to function at their normal capacity, resulting in increased susceptibility to infections. |
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Term
| Primary (congenital) immune deficiency |
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Definition
| Caused by a genetic anomaly |
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Term
| Secondary (acquired) immune deficiency |
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Definition
| Caused by another disease, such as cancer or a virus, or by normal physiologic changes such as aging. |
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Term
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Definition
Partial or complete absence of T-cell immunity due to lack or partial lack of a thymus. Characterized by severe congenital, structural defects of the heart and low levels of calcium (which may cause seizures). Deletions on Chromosome 22. Wide set eyes, low set ears and shortened structure of upper lip. |
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Term
| 5 Types of Primary Immune deficiencies |
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Definition
B-lymphocyte deficiencies
T-lympocyte deficiencies
Combined B and T lymphocyte deficiencies
Complement deficiencies, phagocytic deficiencies |
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Term
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Definition
| T cells or T lymphocytes belong to a group of white blood cells known as lymphocytes, and play a central role in cell-mediated immunity. They can be distinguished from other lymphocyte types, such as B cells and natural killer cells (NK cells) by the presence of a special receptor on their cell surface called T cell receptors (TCR). The abbreviation T, in T cell, stands for thymus, since this is the principal organ responsible for the T cell's maturation. |
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Term
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Definition
| B cells are lymphocytes that play a large role in the humoral immune response (as opposed to the cell-mediated immune response, which is governed by T cells). The principal functions of B cells are to make antibodies against antigens, perform the role of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and eventually develop into memory B cells after activation by antigen interaction. Manufactured in bone marrow. |
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