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Pathophysiology
UofM Nursing Ben Cornelius
40
Health Care
Not Applicable
09/23/2007

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Term
humans have this many genes
Definition
20,000-25,000
Term
de novo
Definition
a mutation not inherited from either parent
Term
short arm of a chromosome
Definition
P
Term
long arm of a chromosome
Definition
Q
Term
Blood-normal hematologic function
Definition
primary transport for
-oxygen
-nutrients
-waste
-hormones
-protective cells
Term
hematocrit
Definition
percentage of Erythrocytes to plasma
Term
carry oxygen to tissues
Definition
primary function of RBC's
Term
transport oxygen
Definition
primary function of hemoglobin
Term
immune function
Definition
primary function of leukocytes
Term
clot formation
Definition
primary function of platelets
Term
reticulocyte count
Definition
measuring function of bone marrow(erythropoiesis)
Term
normal hematocrit for

males:
females:
Definition
males: 42-52 percent
females: 37-47 percent
Term
normal rbc count for

males:
females:
Definition
males: 4.7 - 6.1 million cells/ mm^3
females: 4.2 - 5.4 million cells/ mm^3
Term
erythropoiesis
Definition
describes the production of RBC production (formation). Almost exclusively produced in the bone marrow.
Term
erythropoietin
Definition
triggers erythropoiesis
Term
normal hemoglobin value

males:
females:
Definition
males: 14-18 grams per deciliter
females: 12-16 grams per deciliter
Term
hemoglobin
Definition
large globular protein, makes up 33 percent of RBC's
Term
normal value for leukocytes
Definition
5,000-10,000 mm^3 per liter
Term
normal value for platelets
Definition
150,000-400,000 mm^3 per liter
Term
aggregation
Definition
clotting
Term
required for erythropoiesis
Definition
proteins
vitamins
minerals
erythropoietin(EPO)
Term
clinical manifestations of aplastic anemia
Definition
weakness
fatigue, lethargy
pallor
dyspnea
tachycardia,palpations,murmurs
complications: neutropenia, thrombocytopenia
Term
etiology of b12 or folate deficiency
Definition
genetic autoimmune disorder(rare)
chronic alcoholism
chron's disease
severe gastric disease
Term
schilling test
Definition
differentiates dietary from pernicious anemia
radioactive dose of b12,
3-4 hours later, injection of b12
complete 24 hour urine collection and analysis
Term
clinical manifestations of b12 or folate deficiency
Definition
fatigue
paresthesias
dementia(megaloblastic madness)
tacyhpnea
arthralgia(joint pain)
Term
most common deficiency worldwide
Definition
iron deficiency anemia
Term
MCHC
Definition
Mean Corpuscle Hemoglobin Concentration
Term
TIBC
Definition
Total Iron Binding Capacity
Term
clinical manifestations of iron deficiency anemia
Definition
mild(10-14 g/dL)-asymptomatic

moderate(8-10 g/dL)-symptoms with moderate exertion

severe(<8 g/dL)-severe dyspnea with exertion, can lead to glossitis, which makes tongue a dry, red color.
Term
Pica
Definition
craving non-food items
Term
hemostasis
Definition
cessation of active bleeding
Term
etiology of a thrombus
Definition
endothelial damage
immobility
disease process
Term
thrombus
Definition
stationary blood clot
Term
embolus
Definition
"object" migrates in vascular system
impairs blood flow
Term
types of emboli
Definition
blood clot
fat(from bone marrow from fracture)
air
bacteria
powder(drug abuse)
Term
APTT
PTT
Definition
APTT-30 to 40 seconds
PTT-60 to 70 seconds
Term
Partial Prothrombin Time
Definition
used to assess intrinsic clotting factors
time it takes to form a clot
Term
Partial Prothrombin Time uses
Definition
-find a cause of abnormal bleeding or bruising
-assess low levels of blood clotting factors
-diagnose clotting factors
-assess blood clotting time before surgery
-regulate doses of heparin(anticoagulant)
Term
Prothrombin Time
Definition
normal 11.0 to 12.5 seconds
evaluates extrinsic clotting cascade

(more reliable to use INR factor)
Term
nursing interventions for prothrombin time
Definition
-find a cause for abnormal bleeding or burising
-monitor anti-coagulant therapy(Coumadin)
-check for low levels of blood clotting factors
-check for low levels of Vitamin K
-monitor liver function
-monitor systemic use of clotting factor
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