Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Pathophysiology GI 1
GI renal and reproduction
28
Pathology
Undergraduate 3
05/08/2012

Additional Pathology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Anorexia
Definition
lack of desire to eat despite physiologic stimuli
Term
Nausea and vomiting
Definition

GI causes like obstruction

 

Neurologic causes like brain injury

Term
Constipation
Definition
infrequent or difficult defecation
Term

3 main sources of constipation

 

Definition
  • Neurogenic disorders such as stroke
  • Functional or mechanical conditions such as tumors or impaction
  • Environmental such as laxitive abuse or low fiber diet

 

Term
Diarrhea
Definition
increase in frequency of bowel movements
Term
3 types of diarrhea
Definition
  1. osmotic diarrhea-fluid gets pulled into colon
  2. secretory diarrhea-increase in bacteria growth-C diff
  3. motility diarrhea-nerve fibers fire too much-IBS Inflammation
Term
Jaundice
Definition
Increase in bilirubin due to a back up in liver
Term
Types of abdominal pain
Definition
  1. Parietal pain is localized and intense
  2. Visceral pain arises from a stimulus with a radiating pattern
  3. Referred pain is visceral pain felt at a distance from the effected organ
Term
upper GI bleed
Definition
from esophages to illeum
Term
lower GI bleed
Definition
Illeum to rectum
Term
Hematemesis
Definition
blood in the vomit
Term
Hematochezia
Definition

bright red blood in stool

 

from hemroids low in the large intestine

Term
Melena
Definition

black sticky tarry foul smelling stool

 

due to digested blood in stool

Term
Occult bleeding
Definition
hidden blood in stool
Term
Dysphagia
Definition
difficulty swallowing
Term
Achalasia
Definition
failure of the lower esophageal sphincter to relax
Term
3 causes of GERD
Definition
  1. reflux of chyme
  2. reflux esophagitis
  3. weak esophageal sphincter
Term
Manifestations of GERD
Definition
  1. heartburn
  2. regurgitation
  3. upper abdominal pain
Term
Complications of GERD
Definition
  1. mucosal injury and inflammation
  2. bleeding
  3. aspiration
Term
Hiatal Hernia
Definition
a type of diaphragmatic hernia with protrusion of the stomach into the thorax
Term
2 types of hiatal hernia
Definition
  • Sliding - stomach telescopes into esophagus
  • Paraesophageal - stomach rolls along side of the esophagus
Term
Treatment of Sliding hiatal hernia
Definition
  • small frequent meals
  • sitting upright during meals
  • avoid tight clothing
Term
Pyloric Obstruction
Definition
  • Epigastric pain and fullness
  • nausea
  • succussion splash
  • vomiting
Term
Complications of pyloric obstruction
Definition
malnutrition, dehydration, and extreme debilitation 
Term
Gastritis
Definition
inflammatory disorder of the gastric mucosa
Term
acute gastritis
Definition

erosion of the surface epithelium

 

Caused by meds

Term
chronic gastritis
Definition
  1. chronic inflammatory changes
  2. pernicious anemia - lack of intrinsic factor to absorb B12
  3. over secretion of gastrin
  4. increased risk of gastric cancer
Supporting users have an ad free experience!