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Pathophysiology Final Exam Study Guide
Final exam study guide
102
Pathology
Undergraduate 4
03/31/2012

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Cards

Term
What effect does obesity have on one's life?
Definition
Shortens it
Term
What are the general guidelines for a healthy lifestyle?
Definition
Maintain body weight, plenty of sleep, BMI of 20-25, and a moderate exercise schedule
Term
What is cachexia?
Definition
an ill, thin individual
Term
What is triage?
Definition
to sort things out, assessing signs and symptoms
Term
What is the definition of congenital?
Definition
born with it
Term
What would be included in treatment interventions?
Definition
medicine, nutrition modification and education
Term
What factors are included in the aging process?
Definition
lifestyle, heredity, diet, and environment
Term
What is the color of blood in the veins?
Definition
dark red
Term
What is pleurisy/pleuritis?
Definition
inflammation of membranes covering the lungs
Term
What is a hemothorax?
Definition
blood in the chest cavity
Term
What is a pneumothorax?
Definition
air in the chest cavity
Term
What are the characteristics of a scar?
Definition
bridge between normal tissue but does not restore tissue function
Term
What are some of the common household allergens?
Definition
house dust, pet dander, grass
Term
What is an ulcer?
Definition
a crater-like lesion
Term
Examples of fungal infections include:
Definition
ringworm, candidiasis, and histoplasmosis
Term
Classis cause if granuloma formation
Definition
tuberculosis
Term
What is metastasis?
Definition
spreading of a neoplasm into distant places
Term
Everyone that works in the radiology field
Definition
is at risk of radiation
Term
What is the fundus?
Definition
The upper portion of the stomach and uterus
Term
What is the most common form of skin cancer?
Definition
Basil cell carcinoma
Term
Where is the esophagus located?
Definition
tube ending from pharynx to the stomach
Term
What is pediculosis?
Definition
head or body lice
Term
What is the largest solid organ of the body?
Definition
The liver
Term
What is Chlamydia?
Definition
the silent STD
Term
Where does the process of digestion actually begin?
Definition
the teeth
Term
What causes TSS?
Definition
Staphyloccocus Auries
Term
What is otitis media?
Definition
inflammation of the middle ear
Term
What is the most common way to test for allergies?
Definition
skin test
Term
What is debridement?
Definition
the process of washing or cutting away of necrotic tissue and foreign material
Term
What does autoimmune mean?
Definition
immu against oneself
Term
What is the most dangerous form of MRSA?
Definition
Community aquired (CA)
Term
What is tennis elbow?
Definition
the most frequent ailment of the upper body
Term
What is salmonella?
Definition
causitive organ of food poisoning
Term
What is an antigen?
Definition
cell marker that causes a state of sensitivity to an antibody
Term
What type of herpes are cold sore classified as?
Definition
herpes simplex I
Term
What is another name for Rickets in children?
Definition
Osteomalacia
Term
What are some of the characteristics of ADHD?
Definition
hyperactivity, inability to concentrate, impulsiveness
Term
What is the medical name for a bedsore?
Definition
decubitus ulcer
Term
What is enuresis?
Definition
bedwetting
Term
What does cryptochidism mean?
Definition
undescended testes
Term
Another name for crank or ice is?
Definition
Meth
Term
What is stabismus?
Definition
lazy eye
Term
What is another name for psychedelic drugs?
Definition
hallucinogens
Term
What is the most abused hallucinogenic drug?
Definition
LSD
Term
What are some common causes for nanaphylactic shock?
Definition
insect stings, medications, latex
Term
What is also known as high arterial blood pressure?
Definition
hypertension
Term
What are the other names for uticaria?
Definition
hives/nettle rash
Term
What are the different types of blood?
Definition
A,B,AB,O
Term
What type of bone are pelvic bones and vertebrae?
Definition
irregular
Term
What is the normal heartbeat for an adult?
Definition
60-100 beats per minute
Term
What is the medical term for humpback?
Definition
kyphosis
Term
What does RICE stand for?
Definition
Rest, ice, compression, elevation
Term
What is the incubation period for measles?
Definition
7-14 days
Term
What is carried through the male urethra?
Definition
urine and sperm
Term
What are the four categories of infectious childhood diseases?
Definition
viral, bacterial, fungal, parasitic
Term
What are some of the treatments for PMS?
Definition
avoid caffiene/chocolate, exercise, progesterone, diuretics
Term
What are some of the complications of cerebral palsy?
Definition
Visual and hearing defects, mental retardation and seizure disorders
Term
What is a macule?
Definition
a freckle
Term
What are some of the symptoms of spina bifida?
Definition
dimpling of the skin and skeletal malformation
Term
How is impetigo treated?
Definition
application of antibiotics
Term
What are some of the symptoms of Duchenne's muscular dystrophy?
Definition
a waddling gait
Term
What are alveoli and where are they located?
Definition
grape-like clusters at the distal end of the bronchioles
Term
What are the symptoms of a MI?
Definition
severe chest pain, indigestion, pain in left arm, chest and jaw
Term
How many pair of ribs are there in the respiratory system?
Definition
12
Term
What is blood actually made of?
Definition
plasma and formed elements
Term
What is the most common type of blood cancer in the U.S.?
Definition
lymphoma
Term
What are thrombocytes?
Definition
Platelets that are our clotting factor
Term
What is lymphadenopathy?
Definition
disease of lymph glands
Term
What is PQRST?
Definition
the cardiac cycle
Term
What is the largest artery in the body?
Definition
the aorta
Term
What makes up the female reproductive system?
Definition
labia majora, cervix and the uterus
Term
What are the different parts of the brain?
Definition
cerebrum, cerebellum and brain stem
Term
What is considered to be normal vision?
Definition
20/20
Term
What is tetany?
Definition
low blood calcium levels (hypocalcemia) causing irritability to muscles
Term
What are the bones in the middle ear?
Definition
malleus, incus and stapes
Term
What makes up the brain stem?
Definition
midbrain, pons and medulla
Term
What facial nerve is involved in Bell's palsy?
Definition
the seventh cranial nerve
Term
What dyspnea?
Definition
difficulty breathing
Term
What is clubbing?
Definition
unknown pathogenesis that affects the distal ends of fingers (nails)
Term
What is pleurisy?
Definition
inflammation of the membranes covering the lung and the chest cavity
Term
What is rhinorrhea?
Definition
runny nose
Term
What is the major diagnostic tool to diagnose lung disease?
Definition
chest x-ray
Term
What is sputum?
Definition
secretions coughed up from lungs
Term
What is another name for mononucleosis?
Definition
the kissing disease
Term
What is oxytocin used for?
Definition
stimulate uterine contractions
Term
What are hemorrhoids?
Definition
varicose veins of the rectum
Term
What is another name for kidney stones?
Definition
renal calculi
Term
Where is the transverse colon?
Definition
segment of colon that crosses the abdomen at the umilicus level - horizontal
Term
What is included in the urinary system?
Definition
kidney, ureter, bladder, urethra
Term
What is volvulus?
Definition
when the colon becomes twisted
Term
What is intussusception?
Definition
when the colon telescopes itself
Term
How is salmonella determined?
Definition
stool culture
Term
What is hepatitis?
Definition
inflammation of the liver (most common liver disorder)
Term
How is osteoporosis confirmed?
Definition
x-rays
Term
What are symptoms of erythrocytosis?
Definition
high level RBCs, reddened skin tones and bloodshot eyes
Term
Leukocytosis is an indication of what?
Definition
infection
Term
What is the normal level of white blood cells?
Definition
7500
Term
Mature bones are called
Definition
osteocytes
Term
How is hay fever treated?
Definition
avoid the allergen, allergy shots, antihistamine, steroid medications
Term
What are symptoms of sinusitis?
Definition
pain, headache in AM, headache in forehead, tiredness, night cough, runny nose, sore throat
Term
What are some examples of absesses?
Definition
boils, furuncles, pimples
Term
What is Empyema?
Definition
collection of pus in chest vavity, cough, dyspnea and chest pain
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