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Pathophysiology - Final Exam
Heart
15
Health Care
Graduate
07/26/2008

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Cards

Term
Myocytes account for ___% of cells and ____% of the volume of the heart
Definition
25
90
Term
which myocytes are smaller, atrial or ventricular?
Definition
atrial
Term
Atrial cells secrete and store what?
Definition
ANP - atrial natriuretic peptide
Term
what does ANP cause?
Definition
vasodilation, diuresis ad Na excretion
Term
what do the ventricles produce and when do they produce it?
Definition
B-type Natriuretic peptide
under conditions of increased ventricular pressure
Term
besides myocytes, what are the other heart cells?
Definition
endothelial and fibroblasts
Term
what are the 3 major epicardial coronary arteries?
Definition
left descending artery

left circumflex artery

right coronary artery
Term
the right coronary artery supplies the _________________ 80% of the time. (the left circumflex supplies it the other 20%)
Definition
posterior septum
Term
what does the LAD supply?
Definition
apex

left anterior wall

anterior septum
Term
what branches of the main coronary arteries perfuse the myocardium?
Definition
intramural arteries
Term
which two valves are semilunar?
Definition
aortic and pulmonary
Term
semilunar valve's competency depends on what?
Definition
the stretching and molding of their three cusps in presence of arterial backpressure
Term
tricuspid and mitral valve competency depends on what?
Definition
coordinated function of the anulus, leaflets, papillary mm, and associated left ventricular walls
Term
cardiovascular dysfunction occurs by:
Definition
failure of the pump

conduction disorders

regurgitant flow

obstruction of flow

disruption of the circulatory system
Term
frank starling mechanism
Definition
increased venous return increases the ventricular filling (end-diastolic volume)
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