Term
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Definition
| plasma carbon dioxide levels are excessively increased |
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Term
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Definition
| A response to obstruction in respiratory tract, dilation of the of bronchi occurs |
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Term
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Definition
| Breathing that has stopped |
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Term
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Definition
| presence of blood in sputum/ coughing up of blood |
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Term
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Definition
| A chronic respiratory condition that is caused by an allergy, stress, exercise, drugs and/or other stimul(i)(us). Common chracteristics include SOB, wheeziness, increased mucous production |
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Term
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Definition
| A condition whereby there is a collapse in part of the lung or whole lung collapses. When this occurs alveolar sac(s) collapse |
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Term
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) |
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Definition
| Any group of respiratory diseases that is irreversible and characterised by limited or obstructed airways. Is usually caused by smoking |
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Term
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Definition
| Is secondary to hypertension. Is right-sided heart failure resulting from prolonged hypertension |
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Term
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Definition
| A life-threating condition that causes severe damage to the lungs and digestive system. It is inherited and caused by a defective gene. It effects the cells that produce mucous, saliva and digestive juices. Normally these secretions are thin and slippery, however with cystic fibrosis, causes the secretions to be thick and stick and will plug up tubes, ducts and passageways. |
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Term
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Definition
| An abnormally permanent enlargement of gas-exchange airways, which is accompanied by alveolar wall destruction |
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Term
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Definition
| caused by bacterial infection. Pus is persistently discharged into the pleural space |
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Term
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Definition
| A highly contagious infection of the respiratory tract, caused by an RNA myxovirus and transmitted via droplets. Brief incubation period (1-3 days) and onset is usually sudden. There are three main types: Influenazae A, B and C. |
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Term
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Definition
| A type of acute pneumonia caused by the bacteria Legionella pneumophila. Characterised by influenza like symptoms and within a week by high fever, chills, muscle aches and headache. Can progress to dry cough, pleurisy and diarrhoea. |
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Term
| Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnoea |
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Definition
| condition characterised by sudden respiratory distress that causes a person sleeping in a reclined position to suddenly awake. Usually caused by pulmonary oedema left sided heart failure |
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Term
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Definition
| Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the intrapleural spaces. Effusion classification may be by amount of protein in fluids: exudate (high) and transudate (low). Exudate may result from pulmonary infarction, trauma, tumor, or infection. Transudate may result from heart failure, nephrodic syndrome or cirrhosis. |
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Term
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Definition
| Inflammation of the parietal pleura of the lungs. Characterised by dyspnoea and stabbing pain. Leads to restricted breathing with stabbings on effected side. Caused by pneumonia, pulmonary infarction, bronchial carcinoma, abscess to lung or chest walls, and tuberculosis |
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Term
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Definition
| Any disease of the lungs that is caused by chronic inhalation of dusts |
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Term
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Definition
| Acute inflammation and infection of the lungs, often caused by inhaling pneumococci of the species Streptococcus pneumonaie. Bronchioles and alveoli become with thick exudate. |
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Term
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Definition
| The presence of air or gas in the plural space, causing lung to collapse |
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Term
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Definition
Accumulation of extravascular fluid in lung tissues and alveoli. Caused mostly by left sided ventricular failure.
Increased hydrostatic pressure forces fluid from pulmonary capillaries to alveoli. Occurs when there is fluid overload or leaky capillaries eg. Renal failure, inhalation of irritating gases or rapid administration of blood, plasma, serum, IV fluids… |
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Term
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Definition
| Free discharge of thin watery nasal fluid |
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Term
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Definition
| Chronic bacterial infection of the lungs or other tissues caused by Myocobacterium tuberculosis |
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