Term
| clinical features of vasculitis |
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Definition
nonspecific symptoms = fever, fatigue, weight loss, myalgias
symptoms of organ ischemia = luminal narrowing or thrombosis |
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Term
| large vessel vasculitidies |
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Definition
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Term
| arteries involved in giant cell arteritis |
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Definition
| branches of carotid = temporal, opthalmic |
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Term
| associated with polymyalgia rheumatica |
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Definition
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Term
| most common form of vasculitis in adults |
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Definition
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Term
| biopsy of giant cell vasculitis |
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Definition
| inflamed vessel with giant cells and intimal fibrosis; segmental so need long segment of vessel |
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Term
| treatment of giant cell arteritis |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| multiple organs but lungs are spared |
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Term
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Definition
| HTN, abdominal pain with melena, neurology disturbances and skin lesions |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| lesions of varying stage; string of pearls |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| corticosteroids and cyclphosphamide |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| fever, conjunctivitis, erythematous rash of palms and soles, enlarged cervical lymph nodes, coronary artery involvement = MI, aneurysm with rupture |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| ulceration, gangrene and autoamputation of fingers and toes; raynaud often present |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| nasopharynx, lungs and kidneys |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| corticosteroids and cyslophosphamide |
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Term
| symptoms of microscopic polyangitis |
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Definition
| similar to wegener but no nasopharyngeal involvement and no granulomas |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| microscopic polyangitis and churg-strauss |
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Term
| tx of microscopic polyangiitis |
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Definition
| corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| IgA immune complex deposition |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| palpable purpura on buttocks and legs, pain and bleeding and hematuria |
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Term
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Definition
| unknown etiology; age, race, obesity, stress, lack of physical activity and high-salt diet |
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Term
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Definition
| renal artery stenosis = dec Na to JGA -> inc renin -> inc ATII -> inc aldosterone -> Na and water retention and HTN |
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Term
| causes of renal artery stenosis |
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Definition
| atherosclerosis, fibromuscular dysplasia (young female) |
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Term
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Definition
| with end-organ damage = acute renal failure, HA and papilledema |
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Term
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Definition
| necrotic lipid core with a fibromuscular cap; often undergo dystrophic calcification |
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Term
| modifiable risk factors for atherosclerosis |
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Definition
| HTN, hypercholesterolemia, smoking and DM |
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Term
| non modifiable risk factors for atherosclerosis |
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Definition
| age, gender, and genetics |
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Term
| pathogenesis of atherosclerosis |
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Definition
| damage to endothelium allows lipids to lead into intima -> lipids oxidize and consumed by macrophages -> inflam and healing leads to deposition of ECM and prolix of smooth mm |
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Term
| complication of atherosclerosis |
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Definition
| stenosis, plaque rupture and thrombosis or empolization, aneurysm |
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Term
| hyaline arteriolosclerosis |
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Definition
| proteins leaking into vessel wall; with long standing HTN or DM |
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Term
| result of hyalin arteriolo |
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Definition
| reduced vessel wall caliber with end-organ ischemia -> glomerular scarring that slowly progresses to chronic renal failure |
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Term
| hyperplastic arteriolosclerosis |
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Definition
| thickening of vessel wall by hyperplasia of smooth mm = onion skin; with malignant HTN -> fibrinoid necrosis |
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Term
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Definition
| hyperplastic arteriolosclerosis |
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Term
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Definition
| calcification of media of muscular arteries; non obstructive; incidental finding |
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Term
| cause of aortic dissection |
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Definition
| HTN, marfan and ehlers-danlos |
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Term
| symptoms of aortic dissection |
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Definition
| sharp, tearing CP that radiates to back |
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Term
| complications of aortic dissection |
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Definition
| pericardil tamponade, rupture with fatal hemorrhage, and obstruction of branching arteries with end-organ ischemia |
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Term
| cause of thoracic aneurysm |
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Definition
| tertiary syphillis with endarteritis of vasa vasorum; "tree bark" appearance |
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Term
| complications of thoracic aneurysm |
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Definition
| dilation of aortic valve root, resulting in aortic valve insufficiency; compression of mediastinal structures and thrombosis/embolism |
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Term
| cause of abdominal aortic aneurysm |
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Definition
| atherosclerosis; male smokers >60 with HTN |
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Term
| symptoms of abdominal aortic aneurysm |
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Definition
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Term
| complications of abdominal aortic aneurysm |
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Definition
| rupture, especially when > 5cm; hypotension, pulsatile abdominal mass and flank pain; compression of local structures and thrombosis/embolism |
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Term
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Definition
| benign tumor; present at birth and regress as child; skin and liver |
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Term
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Definition
| malignang; in skin, breast and over; polyvinyl chloride, arsenic and thorotrast |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| purple patches, plaques and nodules on the skin |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
older easter european = localized to skin, surgical removal
AIDS = spreads early, antiretroviral agents
transplant recipients = spreads early, decreased immunosuppression |
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