Term
| Mechanism of hypersensitivity I reactions? |
|
Definition
Antigens induce IgE crosslinking and cell degranulation
Vasoactive mediators are released into the surrounding tissues |
|
|
Term
| Name the 4 Type I hypersensitivity manifestation routes? |
|
Definition
Ingested
Inhaled
Cutaneous
Anaphylaxis |
|
|
Term
| Mechanism for hypersensitivity type II reactions? |
|
Definition
| Cytotoxicity induced by reactions against cell membrane antigens |
|
|
Term
| What two different mechanisms damage the cells in type II hypersensitivity? |
|
Definition
Complement mediated
Leukocyte mediated |
|
|
Term
| Manifestations of type II hypersensitivity reactions? |
|
Definition
Circulating cells
Epidermis
Basement membranes |
|
|
Term
| Manifestations of hypersensitivity type II reactions include reactions against: |
|
Definition
Erythrocytes
Leukocytes and platelets
Basement membranes |
|
|
Term
| Two pathways of type III hypersensitivity? |
|
Definition
Localized- arthus reaction
Systemic- Serum sickness |
|
|
Term
| Name the 4 commonly affected tissues in type III hypersensitivity? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Delayed hypersensitivity
Type IV |
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 manifestations of type IV hypersensitivity? |
|
Definition
Tuberculin reactions
Granulomatous hypersensitivity
Contact hypersensitivity |
|
|
Term
| Mechanisms of autoimmunity? |
|
Definition
Release of sequestered antigens: myelin, sperm, lens
Alteration of self antigens
Alteration of immune reactivity |
|
|
Term
| What are the 7 diseases that are associated with autoimmunity? |
|
Definition
Autoimmune thyroiditis
Periodic opthalmia
Autoimmune skin disease
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Autoimmune thrombocytopenia
Myasthenia gravis
Systemic lupus erythmatosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The cell has one less chromosome |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The cell has one extra chromosome |
|
|
Term
| Genetic factors for developmental disease? |
|
Definition
Chromosomal
Single gene
Multifactor abnormalities |
|
|
Term
| Environmental factors for developmental disease? |
|
Definition
Infection
Chemicals (toxins)
Nutrition |
|
|
Term
| Bovine syndactyly an autosomal recessive trait is caused by a mutation in what gene? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Fetal infection due to environmental influences can cause what conditions? |
|
Definition
BVD
Feline panleukopenia virus
Bluetongue virus |
|
|
Term
| A transcriptional regulatory protein that functions in normal nervous system development? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Anatomical mechanisms of malformation in developmental disease? |
|
Definition
Arrest or inhibition of development
Persistence of fetal structures
Failure of closure of fetal grooves or fissures
Growth in aberrant locations
Duplication
Lack of coordination of tissue differentiation |
|
|
Term
| Development anomalies of the musculoskeletal system? |
|
Definition
Amelia
Hemimelia
Arthrogryposis
Chondrodysplasia
Osteopetrosis |
|
|
Term
| Developmental anomalies of the nervous system? |
|
Definition
Anencephaly
Microencephaly
Hydrocephalus
Hydranencephaly
Porencephaly |
|
|
Term
| Most common developmental disease? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Absent parts of skin or mucus membrane? |
|
Definition
| Epitheliogenesis imperfecta |
|
|
Term
| Hyperkeratotic, inelastic, poorly haired skin? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Absence of some or all hair? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Genetic metabolic diseases? |
|
Definition
Lysosomal storage diseases
Hyperlipidemia
Endocrine disorders |
|
|
Term
| Nutritional metabolic diseases? |
|
Definition
Vit and Mineral deficiency
Oral neoplasia or inflammation
Malabsorption syndromes |
|
|
Term
| Hormonal metabolic disorders? |
|
Definition
Diabetes mellitus
Hypothyroidism
Hyperthyroidism and hyperparathyroidism |
|
|
Term
| This disease is characterized by the accumulation of mucopolysaccharides or lipid components within cellular lysosomes? |
|
Definition
| Lysosomal storage disease |
|
|
Term
| Conformationally abnormal proteins with infectious characteristics? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Two mechanisms of genetic damage? |
|
Definition
Nucleic acids are altered
Mutations are underlying problem |
|
|
Term
| Two major patterns of inherited disease? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Three major patterns of Acquired disease? (know difference from inherited) |
|
Definition
Metabolic
Immunopathologic
Neoplastic |
|
|
Term
| Obligate intracellular agents? |
|
Definition
Viruses
Chlamydiae
Rickettsiae |
|
|
Term
| Free living agents that cause disease? |
|
Definition
Mycoplasma
Bacteria
Fungi
Protozoa
Helminths |
|
|
Term
| Injury is a combined effort between the microbe and host response name the two mechanisms? |
|
Definition
Direct injury induced by the agent
Indirect injury caused by host response |
|
|
Term
| Why are mycoplasma hard to recognize even though they are extracellular? |
|
Definition
| They are weakly antigenic |
|
|
