Term
|
Definition
| What Race is most impacted by Hypertension |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What Race is most impacted by Cystic Fibrosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What Race is most impacted by Sickle Cell Anemia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Dehydration and Over Exertion will increase the chance of an attack in this disease along with severe joint pain. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In regards to Prevention at this stage we try and remove or reduce dz risk factors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In regards to prevention at this state early detection and prevention of dz complications is key. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Limiting the impact of the dz on function limitation; rehabilitation; prevent disabilities. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| The use of ? can cause decreased circulation, decreased wound healing, increased back pain, osteoporosis in addition to CVD, COPD and cancer. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Name the most adverse influence on health |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Leading Cause of Death (3) |
|
|
Term
| Diet, Physical inactivity, smoking & alcohol abuse |
|
Definition
| Actual Cause of Death due to modifiable Behavioral and Lifestyle factors: |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| While purging behavior is common to both of these disorders, in this one the patient refuses to eat and restricts food. |
|
|
Term
| Anorexia Nervosa Signs & Symptoms |
|
Definition
| These are S&S of ? Disease: Extremely thin, Amenorrhea, emotional disturbances, fluid/electrolyte imbalance, malnutrition, multi-system involvement |
|
|
Term
| Cardiac Abnormalities S&S in Anorexia Nervosa |
|
Definition
| Cardiac Abnormalities in ? disease: Abnormal HR, Hypotension, Ventricular arrhythmias, Mitral valve prolapse, Cardiomyopathy and Heart Failure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ? is a Decrease in heart muscle which causes poor circulation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| When valve bulges back in the wrong direction - not enough blood. |
|
|
Term
| Musculoskeletal S&S in Anorexia Nervosa |
|
Definition
| Loss of muscle mass, muscle weakness, poor posture, gait disturbance, low bone density are all musculoskeletal S&S in ? disease. |
|
|
Term
| Neurologic Abnormalities S&S in Anorexia Nervosa |
|
Definition
| Neurologic Abnormalities in ? disease: Muscular spasms, peripheral paresthesia, seizures, cerebral atrophy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Tx: difficult and lengthy. Poor prognosis. Behavior therapy & counseling also needed. Goal is to normalize eating pattern, gain weight and improve function. (Name the disease) |
|
|
Term
| Anorexia Nervosa Implication for the PT. Exercise program considerations. |
|
Definition
| Bone Density & Cardiac Status. Monitor during therapy: lab values, vital signs and musculoskeletal stress signs. Obtain medical clearance first and consult and follow up with the physician. |
|
|
Term
| Bulimia Nervosa Physical Findings |
|
Definition
| tooth enamel erosion, irritation of upper GI, fluid/electrolyte imbalance, rectal bleeding with laxative abuse, psychiatric symptoms are all physical findings in ? disease. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa BMI |
|
|
Term
| Bulimia Nervosa PT Implications |
|
Definition
| Monitor vitals, consult a physician, watch for signs of fluid/electrolyte imbalance during treatment, may show muscle weakness which could be dehydration. Prognosis Good: Full recovery. (These are all PT implications in ? disease) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| BMI: Normal (name the range) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| BMI: Overweight (name the range) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| BMI: Obesity (name the range) |
|
|
Term
| STRESS: Clinical Manifestations |
|
Definition
| muscle tension, pain, restlessness, fatigue, hyperventilation are clinical manifestations of ?. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| General emotional state of fear & apprehension with increases of physiological arousal to stress. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Anxious, afraid, fear, fright, restlessness, nervous, sweating, muscle tension increase, shaking, trembling, tachycardia, dyspnea are S&S in this disorder. |
|
|
Term
| General anxiety disorder, PTSD (posttraumatic stress disorder), panic disorder, OCD (obsessive-compulsive disorder), phobias. |
|
Definition
| Anxiety Disorders most commonly encountered in PT practice |
|
|
Term
| General Anxiety Disorder: Physical symptoms |
|
Definition
| Fatigue, headaches, muscle tension and aches, difficulty swallowing, trembling, sweating or hot flashes are all physical symptoms in this disorder. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Chronic anxiety, exaggerated worry or tension even when there is little or nothing to provoke it. Marked physical or emotional responses. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an anxiety disorder that develops after exposure to a terrifying event, usually one in which physical harm is threatened or occurred. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| These Pts may experience "emotional numbness", sleeplessness or be easily startled. Have persistent frightening memories or thoughts that may interfere with daily life. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Periods of sudden, unprovoked intense anxiety with associated physical symptoms. Recurrent panic attacks that occur unpredictably. |
|
|
Term
| Panic attack: (listed under panic disorder) |
|
Definition
| Sudden onset of intense apprehension, fear, terror or sense of impending doom accompanied by increased autonomic nervous system activity and by various constitutional disturbances, depersonalization and derealization. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| initial panic attacks develop during extreme stress. Recurrent panic attacks can occur unpredictably. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Give very specific guidelines for any home exercise program. How many reps, etc. for the Pt in this disorder. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Recurrent, unwanted thoughts (obsessions), repetitive behaviors (compulsions) (Name the disorder) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Feelings of alarm and sense of impeding doom, marked dyspnea, choking/suffocate feeling, tachycardia, palpitations, headaches, dizziness are S&S in this disorder. |
|
|
Term
| be alert to signs of suicide and alcohol abuse. |
|
Definition
| PTSD: Name Implications for PT |
|
|
Term
| reassure and distract the Pt (be creative) |
|
Definition
| If a Pt experiences an anxiety or panic attack you should. . . |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ? Disorder: presence of physical symptoms causing impairment in social/occupational functioning. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pain, GI problems, Depression, Dizziness. Have no identifiable physical origin. These are S&S of ? disorder. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Somatoform disorders make up ?% of office visits and are a large percent of PT pts. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ? Disorder patients often see multiple physicians & take multiple meds (polypharmacy). Do not respond well to PT & should be referred back to the physician if progress is not found. |
|
|
Term
| Progressive muscle relaxation, diaphragmatic breathing, exercise, biofeedback. |
|
Definition
| Stress-reducing techniques used in PT |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Most common MOOD disorder within at PT practice. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A morbid feeling of sadness, loneliness, despair, low self-esteem, and self-reproach. |
|
|
Term
| Depression accompanying signs |
|
Definition
| psychomotor retardation, withdrawal from social contact, loss of appetite or over-eating, insomnia are accompanying signs in ?. |
|
|
Term
| Depression Implication for PT |
|
Definition
| Passive noncompliance during therapy, poor compliance in home program or post-operation rehab exercise are implications for the PT in ?. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a group of disorders characterized by disruptions in thought patterns |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Periodic outbreaks of hallucinations and delusions, fragmented thoughts, disordered speech (unintelligible, incoherent), apathy, social withdrawal, emotional unresponsiveness. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The decline or loss of cognitive and intellectual functions. Interferes with daily functions and relationships. (Name the disease) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Significant decline in memory, depression, agitation or aggression, visual hallucinations, may fall frequently, problems with maintaining personal hygiene are S&S in this disease. |
|
|
Term
| give the Pt simple instructions and work with the caregiver. |
|
Definition
| Dementia - implications for the PT |
|
|
Term
| Acute Inflammation: Definition |
|
Definition
| Initial response of tissue to injury involving vascular & cellular responses. |
|
|
Term
| Redness, edema, warmth, pain, loss of function. |
|
Definition
| Acute Inflammation: Local Signs (name them) |
|
|
Term
| fever, tachycardia, hypermetabolic state, elevated serum protein, leukocytosis. |
|
Definition
| Acute Inflammation: Systemic effects (name them) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| result of persistent injury, repeated acute inflammation, infection. results in accumulation of lymphocytes, macrophages, fibrosis, loss of function. |
|
|
Term
| fever, malaise, fatigue, leukocytosis, ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate). |
|
Definition
| Chronic Inflammation: systemic effects |
|
|
Term
| Nutritional status, cardiovascular disease, cancer, hematologic disorders, diabetes, corticosteroids, immunosuppressants |
|
Definition
| Name the Systemic Factors influencing healing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| used to reduce inflammation, pain relieve and reduce fever. Adverse effects are low with most common GI upset. |
|
|
Term
| increase risk of bleeding to bruise easily or GI bleeding, serious reactions to CNS, blood, kidney & liver disorders. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus) |
|
Definition
| A chronic inflammatory autoimmune dz, connective tissue dz, severe complications to the heart, kidney & CNS. Affects women 8x more than men and can be fatal. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Fever, weight loss, malaise, fatigue. Skin rash (butterfly/molar rash) on the neck or upper extremities.Polyarthritis (swelling joint/joint pain) and myalgias are S&S in this disease. |
|
|
Term
| relieve symptoms and protect organs with corticosteriods and immunosupressents. |
|
Definition
| Tx in SLE should be to . . . |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Recurring remissions and exacerbation. Complete remission is rare in the prognosis for ? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| classes of drugs that inhibit or prevent activity of the immune system. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Glucocorticoids, Cytostatics, Antibodies are all ? |
|
|
Term
| prevent organ rejection, treat autoimmune diseases, treat neoplasms |
|
Definition
| Immunosuppressants are prescribed to. . . |
|
|
Term
| Immunosuppressants: possible severe side effects |
|
Definition
| secondary infection, renal failure are possible severe side effects of ?. |
|
|
Term
| Corticosteroids (Glucocorticoids such as cortisol and cortisone) are used to treat. . . |
|
Definition
| used to treat inflammation or as immunosupressants. Used to treat cancer, collagen diseases (SLE/lupus), rheumatic diseases, respiratory diseases (asthma). Using >6 months causes osteoporosis and muscle wasting. Increases risk for infection. |
|
|
Term
| Corticosteroids: common side effects |
|
Definition
| GI upset, Metabolic reactions (hyperglycemia, diabetes), HTN, Cushing's syndrome, increases risk for infection. |
|
|
Term
| Inhibit collagen synthesis |
|
Definition
| Glucocorticoids inhibit ?. |
|
|
Term
| Corticosteroids: Implications for PT |
|
Definition
| connective tissue damage, wound healing is slower, aseptic bone necrosis (avascular necrosis). Be conservative with stretching if patient is on long-term steroids. These are PT implications for ?. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Tumor compresses or destroys nearby healthy tissue, necrosis, ulceration, hemorrhage are local effects of ?. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| General: weight loss, weakness, anemia, coagulation disorders, cachexia. Altered organ function, organ failure, secondary infection are systemic effects of ?. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| wasting factor. Pt seems like skin and bones. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inhibit DNA replication, inhibits cell division which thus inhibits tissue repair and recovery. |
|
|
Term
| Chemotherapy: Clinical Manifestations |
|
Definition
| Alopecia, GI symptoms of nausia & vomiting (75%), Myelosuppression (anemia, leukopenia & thrombocytopenia), Fatigue, Cardiotoxicity (renal, liver), Neuropathy (peripheral or CNS) |
|
|
Term
| Myelosuppression: side effects |
|
Definition
| Anemia, infection, bleeding are side effects of ?. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| % of Pts in chemotherapy who have GI symptoms:nausea & vomiting |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| TRUE/FALSE: Exercise is good for a Pt on chemo especially in later phase |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Abnormal tissue development with a change in size, shape and organization of the cells. For example cervical. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Ischemia, Infectious agents, immunologic reactions, genetic factors, nutritional factors, physical agents, chemical agents are all causes of ?. |
|
|
Term
| Hemostatis, Inflammation, Proliferation & migration, Remodeling & maturation. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Irreversable outcomes of cell reaction to injury or stress. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Atrophy, Hypertrophy, Hyperplasia, Metaplasia, Dysplasia. |
|
Definition
| Name cell adaptations in Chronic injury |
|
|
Term
| Fat, Cholesterol, Protein, Glycogen and Pigments. |
|
Definition
| Intracellular Accumulations in Chronic Injury |
|
|
Term
| Acute Injury & Chronic Injury |
|
Definition
| Mild Cell Injury or Stress can lead to: |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A cell reaction to Acute Injury. |
|
|
Term
| Pathologic Cell Dell (Necrosis) |
|
Definition
| Cell reaction to severe injury |
|
|
Term
| limit extent and severity of injury, eliminate or neutralize the offending agent, to initiate the repair process. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Factors leading to inflammation |
|
Definition
| Inadequate bloodflow, damaged tissue, cancer, infectious biologic organisms, foreign material, chemicals and physical agents (cold, heat, radiation) are all factors leading to ?. |
|
|
Term
| Factors affecting bloodflow |
|
Definition
| Histamine, Serotonin, Bradykinins, Anaphylatoxins, Leukotrienes/Prostaglandins are all factors effecting ?. |
|
|
Term
| Fibrocytes/Fibroblasts, Endothelial Cells, and Monocyte/Macrophages. |
|
Definition
| Cellular infiltrates involved in BOTH Acute & Chronic Inflammation. |
|
|
Term
| Platelets, Neutrophils, Monocyte/macrophage, Fibrocytes/Fibroblasts & Endothelial cells |
|
Definition
| Acute Inflammation Cellular Infiltrate |
|
|
Term
| Monocyte/macrophage, Lymphocytes, Plasma cells, Fibrocytes/fibroblasts & endothelial cells. |
|
Definition
| Chronic Inflammation Cellular Infiltrate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Vasodilation + increased vascular permeability = |
|
|
Term
| C5a, Lipooxygenases products, Lymphokines, Monokines |
|
Definition
| Factors attracting and stimulating cells: |
|
|
Term
| WBCs (Leukocytes), RBCs and Platelets. |
|
Definition
| Circulating cells involved in the cellular response in inflammation |
|
|
Term
| Macrophages, Mast cells and Fibroblasts |
|
Definition
| Connective tissue cells involved in the cellular response in inflammation |
|
|
Term
| Fibronection, Collagen, Proteoglycans, Elastin |
|
Definition
| Extracellular Matrix involved in the cellular response in inflammation |
|
|
Term
| Blood coagulation cascade, Fibrinolytic system, Kinin enzymatic system, Complement System, MAC (Membrane attack complex) |
|
Definition
| Plasma Cell-derived sources in Mediators of Inflammation. |
|
|
Term
| Bradykinin, Hageman factor |
|
Definition
| Kinin Enzymatic system plasma cell-derived sources (name 2) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Complement system plasma cell-derived sources (name 4) |
|
|
Term
| Circulating platelets, Tissue mast cells, basophils, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, endothelial cells, Monocytes/macrophages, injured tissue itself, Arachidonic acid derivatives and cytokines. |
|
Definition
| Cell-derived sources in mediators of inflammation |
|
|
Term
| Cardinal S&S of Inflammation Local Signs |
|
Definition
| Erythema (rubor/redness), Heat (calor), Edema (tumor/swelling), Pain (dolor) and Loss of Function. |
|
|
Term
| Cardinal S&S of Inflammation Distant Effects |
|
Definition
| Systemic effects, Involvement of the lymphatic system, Production of reactant proteins. |
|
|
Term
| Inflammatory Exudates (name the 5) |
|
Definition
| Hemorrhagic, Serosanguineous, Serous, Purulent and Catarrhal. |
|
|
Term
| Hemorrhagic (Inflammatory Exudate) |
|
Definition
| Bright red or bloody; presence of RBCs. Small amounts expected after surgery or trauma. Large amounts indicate hemorrhage. Sudden large amounts of dark red blood indicate a draining hematoma. |
|
|
Term
| Serosanguineous (Inflammatory Exudate) |
|
Definition
| Blood-tinged yellow or pink;presence of RBCs. Expected for 48 to 72 hours after injury or trauma to the microvasculature. A sudden increase may precede wound dehiscence. |
|
|
Term
| Serous (Inflammatory Exudate) |
|
Definition
| Thin, clear yellow or straw-colored; albumin and lgs. Occurs in the early stages of most inflammations (blisters, joint effusion with RA, viral skin vesicles) Expected for up to 1 week after trauma or surgery. A sudden increase indicate a draining seroma. |
|
|
Term
| Purulent (Inflammatory Exudates) |
|
Definition
| Viscous, cloudy, pus; necrotic cell debris and dying neutrophils. Usually caused by pus-forming bacteria (streptococci, staphyloccocci); indicates infection, may drain suddenly from an abscess (boil). |
|
|
Term
| Catarrhal (Inflammatory Exudates) |
|
Definition
| Thin, clear mucus. Seen with inflammatory process within mucous membranes (ex: upper respiratory infection) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Sudden onset (follows brief injury), short duration (lasts a few hours or days). Usually the result of microbial infection (bacteria, viral, etc), physical or chemical injury; immune injury |
|
|
Term
| Anti-inflammation Pharmaceutical Measures |
|
Definition
| Anti-histamine, Corticosteroids, NISIDs (Arachidonic Acid (AA) metabolities). |
|
|
Term
| Consequences of Acute Inflammation |
|
Definition
| Complete resolution, healing with scarring, abscess and chronic inflammation. |
|
|
Term
| Neutrophils were too strong and leave an abscess. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| WBCs don't go up as high as someone younger in an infection. |
|
|
Term
| Acute Inflammation Local effects on MS |
|
Definition
| ms tone/spasm, loss of motion/function. For PT: passive movement test (Cyriax). |
|
|
Term
| Systemic Effects (under distant effects of acute inflammation) |
|
Definition
| Fever, malaise, increase or decrease in WBCs, poor appetite. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Continuing, simultaneous process of Injury, inflammation and repair. |
|
|
Term
| Macrophages, Lymphocytes, Plasma cells, Fibroblast cells |
|
Definition
| Inflammatory Cells involved in Chronic Inflammation (name 4) |
|
|
Term
| Epidermis, Bone Marrow, Liver, Kidney, GI Epithelium, Bronchial epithelium |
|
Definition
| In Wound healing these tissues are capable of regeneration: |
|
|
Term
| Brain (neurons), Cardiac muscle, skeletal muscle |
|
Definition
| In wound healing these tissues are NOT capable of regeneration |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Regeneration, Healing (fibrous repair or scarring) and Partial regeneration and scarring. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ? Cells begin to regenerate only after injury. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ? cells cannot make new cells - only scarring. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ? Cells are always replacing each other. |
|
|
Term
| Fibroblasts migration, Angiogenesis and granulation tissue, scar formation, scar maturation |
|
Definition
| Name the steps in the healing process/repair by connective tissue |
|
|
Term
| Primary Union (by first intention) in wound healing |
|
Definition
| Small, narrow wound. Less than a week to heal. Small scar (ex: surgical incision) |
|
|
Term
| Second Union (by second intention) in wound healing. |
|
Definition
| Large wound, wound edges not close together. Weeks to heal. Larger scar. (Ex: deep skin burn, ulcer, infarct, abscess) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A well sutured wound has ?% strength of uncut skin. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| After suture removal at 1 week the wound strength is ?%. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Wound strength 3 months later is ?% and after one year is ?. |
|
|
Term
| Host Factors (local) interfering with wound healing |
|
Definition
| infection, poor vascular supply, foreign objects, presence of necrotic tissue, mechanical forces (movement/tension) and size of the wound. |
|
|
Term
| Host Factors (systemic) interfering with wound healing |
|
Definition
| poor nutrition, steroid drugs, diabetes, PVD, others (age, smoking, health status, comorbidities) are ? factors interfering with wound healing. |
|
|
Term
| collagen tensile/Vitamin C Deficiency |
|
Definition
| Scurvy which is a reduced ? strength is seen in ? deficiency. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| True/False: Bilateral femoral neuropathy can be seen in Vitamin C Deficiency. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Osteopenia (bone pain and pathologic fractures) can be seen in this deficiency. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Muscle weakness, Joint Pain and effusions and Edema can be seen in this deficiency. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Impaired skin & wound healing and skin & gum lesions can be seen in this deficiency. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| This deficiency can cause an altered capillary structure (petechiae & hemorrhage) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A hyperplastic scar that is prominent, raised, or nodular and that contains excess collagen; occurs in the dermis, usually after trauma, surgery, a burn, or severe cutaneous disease. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A localized, highly vascular collection of persistent granulation tissue. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| If the injured region is immobilized during healing, the scar can ? resulting in an undesirable, fixed, rigid scar that can limit NROM. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Type ? is a structural collagen, 80% to 85% of dermal collagen; mature scars, tendon, bone and dentin; joints. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Type I collagen composes ?% of dermal collagen. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Type ? collagen: hyaline cartilage; not present in skin; found in nucleus pulposus external annulus. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Type ? Collagen: found in vascular and visceral structures making up 15% to 20% of dermal, first collagen deposited in wound healing (granulation tissue). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Name the type collagen first deposited in wound healing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Type III Collagen makes up ?% of dermal, first collagen deposited in wound healing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Type ? collagen: Basement membranes of epithelial, endothelial, glomeruli of kidney nephron. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The thickness of the skin over the tympanic membrane is ?. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The thickness of the skin over back, sole of foot and palm of hand is ?. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| TRUE/FALSE: The skin is thicker on the posterior/extensor surfaces as compared to the anterior/flexor surfaces of the body. |
|
|
Term
| Stratified Squamous Epithelium |
|
Definition
| Epidermis is made up of this type of epithelium. |
|
|
Term
| Stratum Corneum, Stratum Lucidum, Stratum Granulosum, Stratum Spinosum, Stratum Basale |
|
Definition
| Name the 5 layers of Epidermis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The Dermis is deep to epidermis and (? thicker/thinner) than epidermis. |
|
|
Term
| Sensory Organ, Temperature Regulation, Excretion, Vitamin D Production, Absorption, Protection |
|
Definition
| Name 6 Functions of the skin |
|
|
Term
| Sebaceous, Sweat and Mammary |
|
Definition
| Name 3 types of skin glands |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Name 3 specializations of the skin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| One test of healthy skin is to pinch it and see if it recoils. ? occurs when the skin fails to recoil. |
|
|
Term
| Dehydration or normal senescent skin |
|
Definition
| Tenting is a sign of either ? or normal ? skin. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The scientific term for aging |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| TRUE/FALSE: There is an increase in the risk for skin infection with very dry skin that has cracked. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Thermal, electrical, chemical and inhalation are all types of ? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Increase ambient temp, exercise, hyper or hypothyroidism and systemic infection (fever) can all cause a (? generalized or localized) change in temperature. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Warmth, swelling and pain of an extremity may indicate ?. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Known as bleeding into a joint. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Scientific name for itching. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Arterial occlusion, accompanied by pain, is indicative of (? increased or decreased) local blood flow. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Arterial spasm or insufficiency is indicative of (? increased or decreased) local blood flow. |
|
|
Term
| Atrophy of skin, localized hair loss and thickening of nails, pallor or cyanosis. |
|
Definition
| Name some associated changes with chronic arterial insufficiency. |
|
|
Term
| Chronic Arterial Insufficiency |
|
Definition
| Atrophy of skin, localized hair loss and thickening of nails, pallor or cyanosis are all changes associated with ? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| With this skin disorder a thickening of the skin over the MCP's and PIP's occurs. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The study of the essential nature of diseases and especially of the structural and functional changes produced by them. |
|
|
Term
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Definition
| The cause of disease. Can be genetic, acquired or a combination of both. |
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Term
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Definition
| The mechanism of disease development. The sequence of events from the initial insult to overt signs and symptoms. |
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Term
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Definition
| The state of being diseased. |
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Term
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Definition
| The state of being mortal. # of deaths/year/population |
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Term
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Definition
| The # of new cases of a disease in a specified population during a specified period of time. |
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Term
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Definition
| The # of total cases of a disease existing in a given population at any given time (period of time or a particular moment in time). |
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Term
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Definition
| Any objective evidence or manifestation of illness observed by a trained clinician. |
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Term
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Definition
| A perceptible change in the body and/or its function. Usually reported by the patient as a subjective change. |
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Term
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Definition
| ? is often the first indication of an infection or other dz. |
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Term
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Definition
| Malaise is commonly associated with ? dz. |
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Term
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Definition
| A feeling of general discomfort or uneasiness. |
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Term
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Definition
| A loss of energy. A feeling of tiredness that does not go away when you rest. |
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Term
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Definition
| Numbling/tingling usually implies a problem with the ? system. |
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Term
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Definition
| An unpleasant sensation associated with actual or potential tissue damage and mediated by specific nerve fibers to the brain. |
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Term
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Definition
| Loss of consciousness and postural tone. |
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Term
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Definition
| Syncope is usually due to a decreased ? blood flow or decreased ? delivery. |
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Term
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Definition
| ? is a S&S usually associated with disease of the heart or lungs b/c of the shortness of breath. |
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Term
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Definition
| A subjective difficulty or distress in breathing. |
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Term
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Definition
| It is normal during intense physical exertion or high altitude to experience Dyspnea. |
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Term
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Definition
| Difficulty or Pain in Urination |
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Term
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Definition
| ? is paleness of skin, lack of color |
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Term
| Decreased blood flow/anemia |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Jaundice is caused by the accumulation of ? in the blood. |
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Term
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Definition
| Jaundice which is a yellowish staining of the integument, sclerae and deeper tissues is a symptom of various disorders including Liver and ? diseases. |
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Term
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Definition
| S&S of ? can cause urinary frequency changes and alterations in sexual function that usually indicates urogenital or nervous system problems. |
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Term
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Definition
| Cyanosis is due to deficient oxygenation of ? in the blood. |
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Term
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Definition
| ? is a dark bluish or purplish coloration of the skin, nail beds, lips or mucous membranes. |
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Term
| Non-Contractile Structure (ligament or tendon) |
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Definition
| Pain during active and passive ROM implies pain from a (? contractile or non-contractile) structure. |
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Term
| Contractile Structure (muscle) |
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Definition
| Painful active and resisted testing without much pain during passive ROM implies injury to a (? contractile or non-contractile) structure. |
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Term
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Definition
| When symptoms change with alterations in posture, loading or movement this suggest the problem is ? |
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Term
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Definition
| When the symptoms do not change with alterations in posture, loading or movement this suggests the problem (? may or may not?) be musculoskeletal. |
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Term
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Definition
| A condition in which there is more than the usual number of cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| This prefix means blood clot; blood clotting |
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Term
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Definition
| This suffix means lack; deficiency |
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Term
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Definition
| A condition characterized by an abnormal increase in the number of red blood cells in the blood. |
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Term
| Erythrocythemia, hypercythemia, hypererythrocythemia, hyperglobulia. |
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Definition
| Name some other terms for polycythemia |
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Term
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Definition
| Polycythemia of unknown cause that is characterized by increase in total blood volume and accompanied by nosebleed, distension of the circulatory vessels, and enlargement of the spleen called also erythremia, erythrocythemia and Vaquez's disease. |
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Term
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Definition
| An increase in the number of circulating red blood cells resulting from a known stimulus (such as hypoxia). |
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Term
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Definition
| One of the most common labs is a CBC which stands for ? |
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Term
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Definition
| One of the most common labs done is a BMP which stands for ? |
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Term
| Brain Natriuretic Peptide |
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Definition
| BNP is a common lab test which stands for ? |
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Term
| International Normalized Ratio |
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Definition
| INR is a common lab test which stands for ? |
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Term
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Definition
| A common lab test used to assist in the dx of blood clots is a ? |
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Term
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Definition
| A common lab test used to assist in the dx of a heart attack is a ? |
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Term
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Definition
| The major function of WBC is to ? |
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Term
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Definition
| Actual # of red blood cells per volume of blood. |
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Term
| Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) |
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Definition
| is a measurement of the average size of your RBCs. |
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Term
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Definition
| The MCV is elevated when ? are larger than normal (macrocytic). |
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Term
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Definition
| Anemia caused by ? deficiency can cause RBCs to be larger than normal resulting in an elevated MCV. |
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Term
| iron deficiency/Thalassemia |
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Definition
| In Anemia caused by ? deficiency or ?, RBCs are smaller than normal resulting in a decreased MCV. |
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Term
| Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH) |
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Definition
| ? is a calculation of the avg amount of oxygen-carrying hemoglobin inside a red blood cell. |
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Term
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Definition
| Macrocytic RBCs are large and tend to have a (?higher or lower?) MCH value. |
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Term
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Definition
| Microcytic RBCs are small and tend to have a (? higher or lower ?) MCH value. |
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Term
| Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) |
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Definition
| ? is a calculation of the average concentration of hemoglobin inside a red cell. |
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Term
| WBC, Hematocrit, Hemoglobin, Platelets |
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Definition
| A CBC (complete blood count) measures 4 things: name them |
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Term
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Definition
| This measures the percentage of red blood cells/volume of blood. |
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Term
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Definition
| ? measures the actual amount of oxygen carrying protein in the blood. |
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Term
| WBC Count as part of a CBC |
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Definition
| Measures the actual number of leukocytes/volume of blood. |
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Term
| RDW (Red Cell Distribution) |
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Definition
| ? is a calculation of the variation in the size of RBCs. |
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Term
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Definition
| ? is the term for the amount of variation in RBC size. |
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Term
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Definition
| Is the term for variation in shape of a RBC. |
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Term
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Definition
| In ? anemia the amount of variation in RBC size with variation in shape causes an increase in RBC. |
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Term
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Definition
| Term meaning the hemoglobin is abnormally diluted inside the RBCs. |
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Term
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Definition
| Decreased MCHC values (hypochromia) are seen in ? deficiency anemia and in ?. |
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Term
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Definition
| Term meaning the hemoglobin is abnormally concentrated inside the RBCs. |
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Term
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Definition
| Increased MCHC values (hyperchromia) are seen in ? patients and hereditary ? (a rare congenital disorder). |
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Term
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Definition
| Measures the number of white blood cells per cubic centimeter of blood. |
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Term
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Definition
| What are the normal WBC values for adult males/females? |
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Term
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Definition
| Term used to describe an increase in WBC >11,000. |
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Term
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Definition
| It is important to exercise caution when treating patients with elevated WBC > 11,000 and accompanied by ? |
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Term
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Definition
| True/False: Remember that the elderly may have elevated WBC with no fever but have significant change in functional status. |
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