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Pathology
Chapter 5
48
Pathology
Not Applicable
07/10/2021

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Term
Osteoporosis
Definition
Loss of normal bone density resulting in increased susceptibility to fractures
Term
Osteoblasts
Definition
Bone forming cells
Term
osteoclasts
Definition
Bone destroying cells
Term
Osteomalacia
Definition
Inadequate mineralization of mature bones
Term
Rickets
Definition
Term
Paget Disease
Definition
Progressive bone disease marked by abnormal and excessive bone remodeling resulting in weak deformed bones of increased mass.
Term
Osteomyletis
Definition
Bone infection most often caused by bacteria
Term
Can you do massage an area with osteomyletis
Definition
No. It will be at least a local contraindication
Term
Marfan Syndrome
Definition
Genetic disorder that affects all body systems, especially the body's connective tissue, most often the skeletal and cardiovascular systems and eyes
Term
Kyphosis
Definition
Exaggeration of normal posterior thoracic curve.
Term
Lordosis
Definition
Exaggeration of the normal anterior lumbar spinal curve. (Swayback).
Term
Scoliosis
Definition
Lateral curvature of a normally straight spine.
Term
Bunions
Definition
Medial displacement of the first metatatrsophalngeal joint (great toe)
Term
Hammer toe
Definition
Metatarsophalangeal joint extende and proximal interphalangeal joint flexed.
Term
Mallet toe
Definition
Distal interphanangeal joint flexed
Term
Spondylosis
Definition
Structural defect in a vertebrae (usually L5) leading to its weakness and impaired weight bearing capacity
Term
Spondylolisthesis
Definition
Anteriorly displaced vertebrae, usually affects lower spine
Term
Patellofemoral Syndrome
Definition
Softening and degeneration of articular cartilage located on posteior patella
Term
Ganglion Cyst
Definition
Benign mass usually located on wrist tendon
Term
Bursitis
Definition
Chronic or acute inflammation of the bursae
Term
TMJD Temporomandibular joint dysfunction.
Definition
Disorders of the jaw joint, its musculature or both, causing pain in the jaw, teeth, head, and ears.
Term
Osteoarthritis
Definition
Progressive damage and eventual loss of articular cartilage, leading to degeneration of joints.
Term
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Definition
Systemic Arthritis affecting synovial membranes then articular cartilages and other joint cartilages and other joint structures.
Term
What are synovial joints replaced with in RA?
Definition
Pannus
Term
Spondylosis
Definition
Degeneration of the spine
Term
Ankylosing Spondylitis
Definition
Systemis arthritis leading to calcification and fusion of joints, usually spine and sacroiliac joints.
Term
Gouty Arthitis
Definition
Inflammatory arthritis resulting from uric acid crystals in the joints.
Term
Lyme Disease
Definition
Recurrent arthritis affecting not only joints, but skin, heart, and nervous system. Caused by a bacteria introduced by tick bite.
Term
Septic arthritis
Definition
Infection in a joint caused by bacteria
Term
Muscular atrophy
Definition
Decrease in muscle cell diameter; muscle appears smaller, looser flattened.
Term
Contracture
Definition
condition of shortening and hardening of muscles, tendons, or other tissue, often leading to deformity and rigidity of joints.
Term
Headaches
Definition
Pain in the head from any cause
Term
Fibromyalgia
Definition
Chronis generalize syndrome of diffuse soft-tissue pain and multiple tender points.
Term
Muscular dystrophy
Definition
Collection of rare genetic muscle diseases characterized by progressive muscle atrophy
Term
Myositis Ossificans
Definition
Deposition of calcium in a traumatized area.
Term
Dislocation and subluxation
Definition
Dislocation: bone completely out of joint
Subluxation: contact only partially lost.
Term
Fractures
Definition
Disruption or break in bone continuity.
Term
Sprain
Definition
Overstretching or tear of ligaments
Term
Strain
Definition
Overstretching or tear of tendon
Term
Volkmann contracture
Definition
Contracture of hand, fingers, and sometimes wrist
Term
Tendonitis
Definition
Inflammation of tendon.
Term
De Quervain's tenosynovitis
Definition
Inflammarion of tendinous sheath on radial side of wrist.
Term
Osgood-Schlatter Disease
Definition
Patellar tendinitis in immature done at the tibial tuberosity where quads attach
Term
Torticollis
Definition
Congenital or acquired spasms of STM.
Term
Repetitive strain injuries
Definition
Injuries that develop over time caused by prolonged repetitive or constant motion, usually combined with compressive forces.
Term
Adhesive Capsulitis
Definition
Disorder of shoulder joint and capsule; initially inflamed and eventually stiff or frozen.
Term
Compartment syndrome
Definition
A painful and dangerous condition caused by pressure buildup from internal bleeding or swelling of tissues. May be acute (emergency) or chronic.
Term
Plantar fasciitis
Definition
Inflammation of the plantar fascia
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