Term
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Definition
A hereditary disease characterized by the secretion of excessively viscous mucus but all the exocrine glands
It is caused by a defective gene in the middle of chromosome 7
Most common clinically important genetic disorder among white children |
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Term
| Imaging appearance of cystic fibrosis |
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Definition
| Causes generalized irregular thickening of linear markings throughout the Longs that, when combined with the almost invariable hyper inflation, produces an appearance similar to that of severe chronic lung disease |
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Term
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Definition
A.k.a. idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome, one of the most common causes of respiratory distress in the newborn.
The progressive underaeration of the lungs results from a lack of surfactant and immature lungs. |
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Term
| Imaging appearance of hyaline membrane disease |
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Definition
Finely granular appearance of the pulmonary parenchyma
Air bronchogram |
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Term
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Definition
| Primarily a viral infection of young children that produces inflammatory obstructive swelling localized to the subglottic portion of the trachea |
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Term
| Imaging appearance of croup |
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Definition
| Smooth tapered narrowing or hourglass shape of the sub glottic airway caused by the edema |
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Term
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Definition
| Acute infections of the epiglottis causing thickening of the epiglottic tissue and the surrounding pharyngeal structures |
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Term
| Imaging appearance of epiglottitus |
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Definition
| Seen on lateral projection of the neck using soft tissue techniques, a rounded thickening of the epiglottic shadow gives it The configuration in approximate size of an adults thumb |
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Term
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Definition
| Inflammation of the lungs that can be caused by a variety of organisms, most commonly bacteria and viruses |
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Term
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Definition
Alveolar
Broncho
Interstitial
Aspiration |
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Term
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Definition
| Produced by an organism that causes an inflammatory exudate that replaces air in the alveoli so that the affected part of the lung is no longer air containing but rather appears solid or radiopaque |
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Term
| Imaging appearance of Alveolar pneumonia |
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Definition
| Consolidation of the lung parenchyma with little or no involvement of the airways produces the characteristic air bronchogram sign |
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Term
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Definition
Inflammation. That originates in the bronchi or the bronchiolar Mucosa and spreads two adjacent alveoli
The inflammation tends to produce small patches of consolidation |
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Term
| Imaging appearance a bronch pneumonia |
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Definition
| The small patches of consolidation maybe seen radio graphically as a pick up Acacian’s that are scattered throughout the lungs but are separated by an abundance of air containing lung tissue |
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Term
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Definition
Most commonly produced by viral and mycoplasmal infections
Inflammation involves the walls and lining of the alveoli and the interstitial supporting structures of the lung, the alveoli septa |
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Term
| Imaging appearance of interstitial pneumonia |
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Definition
| Linear or reticular pattern |
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Term
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Definition
| The aspiration of esophageal or gastric contents into the lung can lead to the development of pneumonia |
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Term
| Imaging appearance of aspiration ammonia |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a rod shaped bacterium with a protective waxy coat that permits it to live outside the body for a long time |
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Term
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Definition
-Lobar or segmental
-Hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes
-Parenchymal, hilar, and mediastinal nodes
-Pleural cavity |
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Term
| Imaging appearance of primary TB |
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Definition
-Consolidation is homogenous, dance, and well-defined
-Hilar enlargement without parenchymal involvement
-demonstrates Ghon lesion
-Pleural effusion |
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Term
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Definition
| Throughout lungs, and possible spread to other organs |
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Term
| Imaging appearance of military TB |
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Definition
| Innumerable Fine discrete nodules uniformly throughout the lungs |
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Term
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Definition
| Upper lobes and posterior segment |
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Term
| Imaging appearance of secondary TB |
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Definition
| Extensive fibrotic changes with possible calcification |
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Term
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Definition
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
-Chronic obstruction of the airways lead to an effective exchange of respiratory gases and makes breathing difficult |
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Term
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Definition
Chronic inflammation of the bronchi leads to severe coughing with the production of sputum
-bronchi/bronchioles
-mucous gland hyperplasia |
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Term
| Imaging appearance of chronic bronchitis’s |
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Definition
-No image change and 50%
-Increased bronchovascular markings
-Hyperinflation and depressed diaphragm |
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Term
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Definition
Obstructive and destructive changes in small airways lead to a dramatic increase in the volume of air in the lungs
-Destroyed alveolar septa |
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Term
| Imaging appearance of emphysema |
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Definition
-Pulmonary hyper inflation
- bulla formation
-Flattened diaphragm
-Radiolucent retrosternal space |
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Term
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Definition
Narrowing of the airways develops because of an increased responsiveness of the tracheobronchial tree to various stimuli (allergens)
-location bronchi |
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Term
| Imaging appearance of asthma |
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Definition
-No evidence and less during acute attack
-Bronchial narrowing/hyperlucent lungs
-Excludes other processes |
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Term
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Definition
-Arises from the mucosa of the bronchial tree
-Location is lung parenchyma |
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Term
| Imaging appearance of bronchogenic carcinoma |
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Definition
-Solitary lesion, ill defined
-atelectasis With obstruction
-Hilar enlargement
-Cavitation in upper lung |
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Term
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Definition
| -Most often located in lower lobes potentially fatal condition |
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Term
| Imaging appearance of pulmonary embolism |
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Definition
-Seri images demonstrating progressive enlargement of the affected vessel
-CT Filling defect in the pulmonary artery
-Nuclear medicine ventilation study – lobar perfusion defect in one or more regions of the lung with normal ventilation |
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Term
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Definition
| Refers to a condition in which there is diminished air with an along associated with reduced lung volume, most commonly this results from bronchial obstruction |
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Term
| Imaging appearance of atelectasis |
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Definition
| Local increased density; plate like streaks |
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Term
| Adult respiratory distress syndrome |
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Definition
| Lung structure break down, Describes a clinical picture of severe, unexpected, and life-threatening acute respiratory distress that develops in patients who have a variety of medical and surgical disorders but no major underlying lung disease |
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Term
| Imaging appearance of adult respiratory distress syndrome |
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Definition
| Patchy, ill defined areas of consolidation |
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Term
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Definition
| Presence of air in the pleural Cavity, results in a partial or complete collapse of the long |
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Term
| Imaging appearance of pneumothorax |
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Definition
| Peripheral radiolucency without pulmonary markings |
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Term
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Definition
The accumulation of fluid in the plural space is a non-specific finding That may be caused by a wide variety of pathologic processes
Most common causes our congestive heart failure, pulmonary embolism, infection, pleurisy, neoplastic disease, and connective tissue disorders |
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Term
| Imaging appearance of pleural effusion |
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Definition
| Fluid level – best scene on lateral decubitus |
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