Term
|
Definition
| produce parathyroid hormone (PTH) which maintains normal calcium levels |
|
|
Term
| Major features of primary hyperparathyroidism |
|
Definition
| hypersecretion of PTH with Hypercalcemia, hyperphosphatemia and excessive urinary excretion of calcium, 80% due to functioning parathyroid adenoma |
|
|
Term
| Clinical significance of primary hyperpatathyroidism |
|
Definition
| neuromuscular weakness, neuropsychiatric disturbances, renal and other stones, skeletal changes due to bone Resorption, hypertension, peptic ulcers, metastatic calcification |
|
|
Term
| Secondary hyperparathyroidism |
|
Definition
compensatory hypersecretion of PTH in response to end-organ resistance
to PTH, resulting in depressed blood calcium levels. Most important cause is chronic renal insufficiency;
also vitamin D deficiency. |
|
|
Term
| Disorders associated with Hypoparathyroidism |
|
Definition
| occur after thyroidectomy, congenital absence, autoimmunity |
|
|
Term
| Clinical significance of Hypoparathyroidism |
|
Definition
| rapid fall in blood calcium levels with clinical tetany |
|
|
Term
| Incidence of parathyroid adenomas |
|
Definition
| any age, any sex, peak incidence in middle decades of life, 85-90% |
|
|
Term
| Gross features of parathyroid adenomas |
|
Definition
| well circumscribed, soft, tan, nodule, invested by delicate capsue, invariably confined to single glands |
|
|
Term
| Clinical significance of parathyroid adenomas |
|
Definition
| associated with hyperparathyroidism |
|
|
Term
| Incidence of parathyroid carcinoma |
|
Definition
| 1% of hyperfunction complications |
|
|
Term
| Clinical significance of parathyroid carcinoma |
|
Definition
| can cause hyperparathyroidism |
|
|
