Term
| Trichomonas vaginalis definition |
|
Definition
| protozoal infection of the vagina/cervix = Trichomoniassis |
|
|
Term
| most common manifestations of Trichomonas vaginalis |
|
Definition
| discharge, pruritus, strawberry cervix |
|
|
Term
| characteristic method of dx of Trichomonas vaginalis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| important clinical consequences of Trichomonas vaginalis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Candida albicans definition |
|
Definition
| fungal infection of vagina/cervix = candidiasis |
|
|
Term
| most common manifestations of Candida albicans |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| characteristic method of dx of Candida albicans |
|
Definition
| wet mounts demonstrating spores and pseudohyphae and pap smear |
|
|
Term
| important clinical consequences of Candida albicans |
|
Definition
| leukorrhea and pruritus. Common in women with diabetes mellitus, on oral contraceptives, pregnant, 40% mortality and morbidity in low birth-weight infants, affects 75% of women |
|
|
Term
| Gardnerella vaginalis definition |
|
Definition
| gram-negative, small bacillus thought to cause vaginitis/cervicitis = Gardnerella Infection |
|
|
Term
| most common manifestations of Gardnerella vaginalis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| characteristic methods of dx of Gardnerella vaginalis |
|
Definition
| producing transient “fishy odor” when exposed to 10% potassium hydroxide (KOH whiff test) |
|
|
Term
| important clinical consequences of Gardnerella vaginalis |
|
Definition
| burning, itching, white or gray, malodorous vaginal discharge with a pH 5.0 to 5.5 |
|
|
Term
| Herpes simplex virus definition |
|
Definition
| viral infection producing ulcerative lesions of vulva, vagina, cervix = Herpes genitalis |
|
|
Term
| most common manifestations of Herpes simplex virus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| characteristic methods of dx of Herpes simplex virus |
|
Definition
| cytologic smear, culture and immunologic methods |
|
|
Term
| important clinical consequences of Herpes simplex virus |
|
Definition
| most important to avoid transmission during childbirth; may be a co-carcinogen. |
|
|
Term
| Chlamydia trachomatis definition |
|
Definition
| Ricketsiae infection that commonly causes cervicitis (chronic follicular) but may ascend to uterus, fallopian tubes, resulting in endometritis and salpingitis (PID). |
|
|
Term
| most common manifestations of Chlamydia trachomatis |
|
Definition
| C. trachomatis is a leading cause of preventable blindness (D-K), Lymphogranuloma venereum - venerally transmitted disease caused by the L-1, L-2, of L-3 serotype of C. trachomatis. Involves regional lymph nodes with production of buboes (abscesses), leading to continued inflammation and scarring - rectal stenosis or chronic genital lymphedema (L1-L3) |
|
|
Term
| characteristic methods of dx of Chlamydia trachomatis |
|
Definition
| culture, immunofluorescence (D-K), - histologic examination, tissue culture (L1-L3) |
|
|
Term
| important clinical consequences of Chlamydia trachomatis |
|
Definition
| chronic cervicitis, PID (D-K) |
|
|
Term
| Actinomyces israelii definition |
|
Definition
| : gram--positive, non-acid-fast, anaerobic bacteria that is associated with use of intrauterine contraceptive devices and other foreign bodies in the female genital tract |
|
|
Term
| most common manifestations of Actinomyces israelii |
|
Definition
| Bacterium associated with long term irritation by foreign bodies, such as IUDs. tampons, pessaries. Often commensal but does have ability to become invasive, cause pelvic actinomycosis |
|
|
Term
| characteristic methods of dx of Actinomyces israelii |
|
Definition
| sulfur granules in culture |
|
|
Term
| important clinical consequences of Actinomyces israelii |
|
Definition
| May affect uterine cervix, fallopian tubes, ovary, and associated pelvic organs. |
|
|
Term
| Neisseria gonorrhoeae definition |
|
Definition
| pyogenic gram-negative diplococci - cause of Gonorrhea |
|
|
Term
| most common manifestations of Neisseria gonorrhoeae |
|
Definition
| infection often produces pelvic inflammatory disease (PID |
|
|
Term
| characteristic methods of dx of Neisseria gonorrhoeae |
|
Definition
| culture, gram stain shows diplococci in cytoplasm of neutrophils |
|
|
Term
| important clinical consequences of Neisseria gonorrhoeae |
|
Definition
| : bilateral tubo-ovarian abscesses, salpingo-oophoritis, pyosalpinx, hydrosalpinx, peritonitis, intestinal obstruction due to adhesions between the small bowel and the pelvic organs, bacteremia, infertility. |
|
|
Term
| Treponema pallidum defintion |
|
Definition
| spirochete - cause of syphilis |
|
|
Term
| most common manifestations of Treponema pallidum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| characteristic methods of dx of Treponema pallidum |
|
Definition
| : silver impregnation, dark-field examination, or immunofluorescent techniques. |
|
|
Term
| important clinical consequences of Treponema pallidum |
|
Definition
| : chancre (on vulva or cervix), rash (generalized), papular lesions (condyloma lata, vulva), involvement of cardiovascular system, central nervous system, liver and other organs. Congenital - late abortion, stillbirth, or perinatal death, infection of lungs, CNS, eye, etc |
|
|
Term
| Human papillomavirus (HPV) definition |
|
Definition
| virus that causes Condyloma acuminatum - genital warts |
|
|
Term
| most common manifestations of Human papillomavirus (HPV |
|
Definition
| Cyto/histo feature – koilocytes |
|
|
Term
| characteristic methods of dx of Human papillomavirus (HPV |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| important clinical consequences of Human papillomavirus (HPV |
|
Definition
| May occur in vulva, cervix Viral types 6 and 11 are associated with simple warts. Types 16, 18, 33 are associated with cervical carcinoma. |
|
|
