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Definition
| continue to proliferate throughout life. |
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Definition
| retain the capacity to proliferate, however they do not normally replicate. |
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| cannot reproduce themselves. E.g. nerve cells, skeletal and cardiac muscle cells. |
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| surface epithelia and blood cells. |
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| parenchymal cells of the glandular organs of the body, such as the liver, kidney, pancreas; cells derived from mesenchyme, such as fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, osteoblasts, chondroblasts; vascular endothelial cells. |
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| Example of Permanent Cells |
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Definition
| nerve cells, skeletal and cardiac muscle cells. |
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| Two process associated with repair |
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Definition
| scar generation and regeneration |
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Definition
| if the entire tissue is damaged by infection or inflammation then regeneration is incomplete and accompanied by replacement with connective tissue, involves angiogensis, migration, and proliferation of fibroblasts, collagen synthesis and connective tissue remodeling |
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Definition
| complete restoration of form and function, can only occur if the residual connective tissue framework is structurally intact. |
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| formation of granulation tissue |
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Definition
| New granulation tissue is often edematous because the new blood vessels have leaky interendothelial junctions. |
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Definition
| healing by first intention, incision causes only a focal disruption of epithelial basement membrane continuity and death of a few connective and epithelial cells. Regeneration is the principle mechanism of repir |
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Definition
| - healing of a clean wound, such as a surgical incision, with little scar tissue. |
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Definition
| healing by second intention, when cell loss if more extensive, involves combination of regeneration and scarring |
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Term
| Example of secondary union |
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Definition
| healing of a large tissue defect with much scar tissue. [ie: "healing from the bottom up" - waiting for granulationand all other tossie to reform] |
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Definition
| accumulation of exuberant amounts of collagen can give rise to prominent, raised scars |
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Term
| Exuberant granulation tissue |
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Definition
| generated by healing wounds, protrudes above the level of the surrounding skin and hinders re-epilthelialization |
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Term
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Definition
| restoration of the site of acute inflammation to normal, digestion and reabsorbtion of exudate from injury to tissue space |
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| Age and inflammation/reparative response |
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Definition
| poor perfusion due to obstructed venous drainage impairs healing |
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Term
| nutritional status and inflammation/reparative response |
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Definition
| protein deficiencies (vitamin C) inhibit collagen synthesis and retard healing |
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Term
| general health status (infection) and inflammation/reparative response |
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Definition
| infection delays healing, it prolongs inflammation and potentially increases local tissue injury |
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Term
| steroids and inflammation/reparative response |
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Definition
| anti-inflammatory effects, administration may result in weakness of the the scar due to inhibition of TGF-beta production and diminished fibrosis. |
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Term
| corticosteroids and inflammation/reparative response |
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Definition
| anti-inflammatory effects are diserable in that they reduce the likigood of opacity that could result from collagen deposits in corneal infections |
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Term
| foreign bodies and inflammation/reparative response |
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Definition
| fragments of steel, glass or bone impede healing |
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Definition
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| locations of injury and inflammation/reparative response |
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Definition
| different healing mechanisms required fro different tissues |
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| A 19-year-old man incurs a stab wound to the chest. The wound is treated in the emergency room. Two months later there is a firm, 3 x 2 cm nodular mass with intact overlying epithelium in the region of the wound. On examination the scar is firm, but not tender, with no erythema. This mass is excised and microscopically shows fibroblasts with abundant collagen. Which of the following mechanisms has most likely produced this series of events? |
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Definition
| Hypertrophic scar (keloid) formation |
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Term
| The presence of “granulation tissue” is evidence of |
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Definition
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Term
| Cells such as hepatocytes (liver cells) that are long-lived but have the capacity to reproduce are termed |
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