Term
|
Definition
support neurons
-Astrocytes
-Oligodendrocytes
-Schwann cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-release of nerve growth factor for development
-Regulate fluid
-monitor and remove extracellular neuronal debris after brain injury and can seal off damaged brain tissue
-Clear synapses |
|
|
Term
| oligodendrocyte glial cells |
|
Definition
-produce the myelin sheath in CNS
- |
|
|
Term
| multiple sclerosis affects... |
|
Definition
| demyelination of oligodendrocytes in the CNS |
|
|
Term
microglia cells
-what are they
-% of CNS cells
-how do they act? |
|
Definition
immune cells of the CNS
-10 %- 15% of CNS cells
-when activated, they act like macrophages, phagocytosing and signaling inflammatory mrakers |
|
|
Term
| results of activated microglia cells |
|
Definition
-fever
- increased sleep
-reduced appetite
-Lethargy |
|
|
Term
| sensory disturbances with CNS disorder |
|
Definition
Visual field blocks
Hallucinations |
|
|
Term
Movement disorders
with CNS disorder |
|
Definition
-Hypotonicity
-Dysmetria- difficulty with grading of movements
-Dysdiadochokinesia: inability to perform rapidly alternating movements
-Gait |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Hemi neglect
-Emotion disturbances
-Confused
-Left side paralysis
-Denial or underestimate the impairments(Impulsive)
-Language deficit
-Apraxia -disorder of skilled purposeful movement |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Cautious
-Disorganized
-Speech
-Writing
-Right side paralysis
-Right visual field loss |
|
|
Term
Frontal and prefrontal areas
deal with... |
|
Definition
-mental control
-concentration
-cognitive processing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Cells loss
-Neuronal cells shrinkage
-8 th decade of life 15% loss of velocity in
-Neural plaques
-More abnormal neural fibers ( tangles)
-Blood supply to brain 10-15% less
-Decreased # of receptors
-Dec # hair cells (vestibular) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Clinical Manifestations
-CT scan
-MRI
-PET scan FMRI monitor blood flow to brain with activity
-Electroencephalography |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Meningitis
-Encephalitis
-Brain Abscess |
|
|
Term
CNS Infections
-risk factors |
|
Definition
-Insect bite
-Contaminated Food
-Contact with infected bodily fluid
-Penetrating trauma
-Weakened immune system |
|
|
Term
| ways in which the immune system might be weakened |
|
Definition
-Cancer
-DM
-HIV
-Alcoholism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Lumbar Puncture – gold standard
-Blood Test
-MRI /CT
-Neuro Exam |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Antibiotics (bacterial)
Corticosteroids |
|
|
Term
meningitis
-what is it, generally?
-Incidence |
|
Definition
-Inflammation of the meninges
-Incidence: 2-6 per 100,000 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Aseptic (viral) meningitis
-Bacterial meningitis
-Fungi
-Parasites |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Headache > 90%
-Fever > 90%
-Very stiff neck > 85%
-Vomiting 35%
-Seizures 30%
-Weakness 15% |
|
|
Term
Encephalitis
-what is it, generally?
-What does it lead to? |
|
Definition
-Acute inflammatory disease of the brain ...parenchyma from infection
-Leads to an inflammatory response and pathologic changes in brain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-West-Nile virus
-Mumps , Rubella,
-Herpes |
|
|
Term
Brain Abscess
-cause
-how does it get there? |
|
Definition
Usually caused by infection where a collection of pus and dead tissue is in the parenchyma of brain
-Can spread from ear, teeth, or sinus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-ask about their history
-assess HR, sensation, cognition
-Support: accomodations |
|
|
Term
CNS Neoplasms
Primary tumor |
|
Definition
| Develop in the brain, spinal cord, or surrounding structures |
|
|
Term
CNS Neoplasms
Secondary tumors |
|
Definition
(metastatic)
May spread to the CNS from another site, such as a lung |
|
|
Term
CNS neoplasms
PT Implications |
|
Definition
-Thorough Evaluation
-----Balance, headache, weakness
-Goal setting dependent on type
-Be aware of treatment side effect
---Chemo –myelosuppression
---Radiation- fatigue
---Lab values
-Be aware ICP post surgery |
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