Term
| modifiable risk factors for ischemic heart disease |
|
Definition
-Smoking
-Elevated serum cholesterol
-Hypertension
-Obesity/Inactivity
-Impaired glucose metabolism
-Stress |
|
|
Term
| non-modifiable risk factors for ischemic heart disease |
|
Definition
-Age
-Gender
-Family Hx
-Ethnicity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| stent placed at the site of plaque build up in affected artery, to widen the lumen and help restore regular blood flow |
|
|
Term
| Coronary artery bypass graft |
|
Definition
replacing compromised coronary arteries with graft, oftern from
-mammary artery, leg vein, or radial artery. |
|
|
Term
| Treatments for heart diseases/problems |
|
Definition
-Heart contraction controlling meds
-HTN meds
-Lipid reducing meds
-Vasodilators
-Platelet inhibitors
-Thrombolytics |
|
|
Term
| Exercise management after heart surgery |
|
Definition
-Angina
-Sternal precautions after surgery
-Leg precautions
-Progressive activity |
|
|
Term
| surgical options for atherosclerosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| SA node is supplied by the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
myocardial infarction
-cause |
|
Definition
-artery blockage leads to ischemia
-or plaque releases causing clot |
|
|
Term
myocardial infarction
-diagnosis |
|
Definition
| -Interruption in normal EKG |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
-walk 2 minutes, then leg starts hurting.
goes away when walking. |
|
Definition
Arterial occlusive disease
ischemia, perhaps due to occlusion of vessels, with pain corresponding with increased oxygen demand. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| test used to detect DVT, squeeze the calf and it hurts. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
spasm of the small arteries and arterioles with exposure to cold
-usually in extremities |
|
|
Term
| hierarchy of blood vessels from aorta - vena cava |
|
Definition
aorta->Arteries->arterioles->capillaries->
->venules->veins->vena cava |
|
|
Term
layers of blood vessels
-from superficial to deep |
|
Definition
Connective tissue - tunica adventitia
Smooth muscle layer - tunica media
Elastic membrane -
Endothelium - tunica intima |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pumps blood from the veins into the heart |
|
|
Term
| Signs and symptoms of Cardiovascular Disease |
|
Definition
-Chest pain , shoulder, neck, jaw, arm pain (pressure)
-Palpitations – strong and irregular heart beat
-Dyspnea
-Syncope – low bp, loss of consciousness
-Fatigue
-Cyanosis
-Edema
-Nausea/vomiting |
|
|
Term
| movement of blood through the heart |
|
Definition
superior/inferior vena cava ->
right atrium
tricuspid valve to right ventricle
pulmonary valve to pulmonary artery
lungs
left atrium
bicuspid/mitral valve to left ventricle
aortic valve to aorta |
|
|
Term
arteriosclerosis
-what can it lead to?
-describe it |
|
Definition
-can lead to ischemic heart disease
-thickening, loss of elasticity in arteries
-thickening of the arterial wall due to plaque accumulation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
narrowing of the artery due to plaque build up
-can lead to ischemic heart disease |
|
|
Term
| progress of artherosclerosis |
|
Definition
| 1.Normal vessel -> fatty streak in intima ->intermediate lesion ->atheroma(lipid deposit) ->rupture and thrombosis -> fibrous plaque |
|
|
Term
myocardial ischemia
-symptoms |
|
Definition
| Angina pectoris (myocardial pain) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-lifestyle change
-drug therapy |
|
|
Term
| drug therapy for hypertension includes |
|
Definition
-ACE inhibitors
-beta blockers
-calcium channel blockers
-diuretics |
|
|
Term
| parts of the heart associated with myocardial infarction |
|
Definition
-Right coronary artery
-left coronary artery
----anterior descending branch to anterior left ventricle
----left circumflex, to the anteriolateral or posteriolateral left ventricle |
|
|
Term
| congenital heart failure types |
|
Definition
-Systolic heart failure
-Diastolic failure
-Left-sided
-Right sided |
|
|
Term
left sided congestive heart failure
symptoms |
|
Definition
-Dyspnea
-Pulmonary edema
-Fatigue |
|
|
Term
right sided congestive heart failure
symptoms |
|
Definition
-Dependent edema
-Jugular vein distention
-Abdominal distention
-Liver congestion
-Cyanosis |
|
|
Term
arrhythmia
broad definition |
|
Definition
-irregular heart rate
-irregular heart rhythm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Tachycardia – over 100bpm
Bradycardia – under 60bpm |
|
|
Term
arrhythmia
-rhythm irregularities |
|
Definition
-Atrial fibrillation
-Ventricular fibrillation
-Heart block
-Sick sinus syndrome |
|
|
Term
| treatments for arrhythmia |
|
Definition
-Drug therapy
-Electrical (shock the heart, defibrillation)
-Invasive ablation |
|
|
Term
| mitral valve stenosis causes... |
|
Definition
-mitral valve thickening and narrowing
-increased atrial pressure and pulmonary vein congestion
- |
|
|
Term
| diagnoses of mitral valve stenosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| treatment for mitral valve stenosis |
|
Definition
-valve replacement
-valve repair |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-typically idiopathic (spontaneous)
-autoimmune disease
-infection
- injury
-metabolic disorders |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pain breathing and in certain positions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| stretching off a vessel wall |
|
|
Term
aneurysm
when monitored vs surgery? |
|
Definition
-monitored if less than 5cm
-surgery if larger, to insert stent or graft |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pain is impinging, but otherwise asymptomatic |
|
|
Term
peripheral vascular disease
-inflammatory disorders overview |
|
Definition
| inflammation of blood vessels results in narrowing or occlusion, and possibly aneurysm |
|
|
Term
| examples of inflammatory peripheral vascular disease |
|
Definition
Vasculitis-
Buerger’s dz
Kawasaki Dz |
|
|
Term
arterial occlusive disease
-causes and outcome |
|
Definition
-arteriosclerosis or arterial thrombosis and embolism
-prone to open wounds |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of vein caused by blood clot |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
deep vein thrombosis
caused by bed rest, tested with homans sign |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| veins not functioning, leads to pooling blood, lack of O2, cyanotic, edema |
|
|
