Term
| average number of people who die each day waiting for a transplant |
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Definition
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Term
| non-solid organs for transplant |
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Definition
| skin, bone, bone marrow, veins, heart valves, corneas |
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Term
Werdnig-Hoffman disease
aka
what is it |
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Definition
aka spinal muscular atrophy
a muscle wasting condition |
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Term
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Definition
-homograft
-between individuals of the same species |
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Term
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Definition
| transplant within the same individual |
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Term
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Definition
-heterograft
-between individuals of different species |
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Term
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Definition
| the source comes from a human leukocyte antigen (HLA) matched donor |
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Term
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Definition
| between genetically identical members of the same species, AKA identical twins |
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Term
| types of transplantation by location |
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Definition
-orthotopic homologous - replacement
-in heterotopic - "piggybacking" |
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Term
| orthotopic homologous transplant |
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Definition
| replacing the organ with the donor organ |
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Term
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Definition
| leaving the original organ, but adding the donor organ at another site of the body, "piggybacking" |
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Term
| organ donation considerations |
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Definition
-urgency and likelihood of benefit from transplant
-age: usually unfer 50
- smoker: less than 30 pack-years HX
-blood type compatible (hUMAN LEUKOCYTE ANTIGEN)
-no evidence of malignancy, HIV, HepB, or sepsis
-Hep C is precaution, but not contraindication
-body weight w/in 20% normal |
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Term
| location concerns with organ transplants |
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Definition
preservation
-heart: 6 hours
-Liver: 24 hours
- kidneys: 72 hours
- lungs: 4-5 hours |
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Term
| criteria for transplant recipient |
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Definition
-matched blood type
-body weight: w/in 20% normal
-presence of other illness
-infections (put on immunosuppressants)
-malignancy
-PVD
-non-ambulatory
-non-compliant
-ETOH abuse
-psychological stability
-family/financial support |
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Term
| xenotransplantation advances |
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Definition
-used as a short term bridge
-risk rejection
-risk animal - human deisease |
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Term
| tissue engineering advances |
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Definition
| -lab grown tissues decreases chance of rejection |
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Term
| medication and transplant advences |
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Definition
| help with rejection prevention |
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Term
| legal and ethical topics with transplantation |
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Definition
-embryonic stem cells
-adult (somatic) stem cells |
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Term
| buying/selling organs, legal/ethical |
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Definition
| selling is illegal, but offering incentive is ok for now |
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Term
| biopsychosocial issues with transplantation |
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Definition
-emotional: waiting, fear, excitement
-postop: graft rejection, acceptance of organ, memory transference |
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Term
| complications with transplantation |
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Definition
-surgery associated ischemia
-histocompatibility (HLA)
-Graft vs. host disease
- graft rejections |
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Term
| types of graft rejection by time |
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Definition
-hyperacute - minutes or hours after SX
-acute or late acute - days to years
- chronic - months to years |
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Term
| complications of immunosuppression |
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Definition
-increased susceptibility to infection
-cancer
- nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity
-osteoporisis
- Hypertension
- tremor
- suppressed wound healing
- diabetes |
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Term
| solid organ transplants complications |
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Definition
those who require transplant have chronic disease pre-op, leading to
-muscle weakness
-possible prolonged hospitalization
- fatigue,
-extended confinement to bed, room, house
-poor ambulatory skills
- poor breathing
- inability to clear resp. secretions |
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Term
| benefits of physical therapy pre-hab |
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Definition
faster recovery
better outcomes
-can qualify someone as a recipient |
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Term
| post operative physical therapy benefits |
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Definition
-start ASAP
- helps with balance
-addressed weakness, poor endurance, poor flexibility, decreased ROM
- loss of independent ambulation, poor bed mobility
- inability to perform transfers -> skin breakdown, edema
- breathing re-training, airway clearance
-resistance exercise increases bone density |
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Term
| rehab monitoring while still in the ICU |
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Definition
-heart rate
- rate of perceived exertion scale
- blood pressure
- dyspnea index
- signs/symptoms of fatigue
- lab values |
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Term
| rehab monitoring after the ICU |
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Definition
-increased MET levels
- focus on independence in ADLs
- increase endurance(4-5 days/week, 30 min)
-progression of exercises and guidelines for termination of exercise
- preparing for discharge
-patient education: know signs/symptoms
-HEP
-quality of life |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-avoid contact sports
-monitor for hypertension, myopathies, neuropathies |
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Term
| hematopoietic cell transplntation |
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Definition
| transplantation of multipotent hematopoietic stem cells, usually derived from bone marrow, peripheral blood, or umbilical cord blood. |
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Term
| indications for hematopoietic cell transplantion |
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Definition
-malignancies
-bone marrow failure
-genetic diseases
-auto immune disease |
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Term
| hematopoietic cell transplantation complication |
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Definition
-infection
-liver disease
-graft vs host disease
-fatigue
-effects of chemotherapy |
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Term
kidney transplant
-function
-occurrence
-common complication
-survival rate |
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Definition
-kidneys filter waste
-the most common transplant
-complications include graft rejection, infection, or dysfunction
-5 year survival rate has increased to 90% today |
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Term
liver transplant
-function
-living vs. deceased donor
-complication |
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Definition
-liver processes drugs, fats, carbs, and produces platelets for clotting
-living donor, you can take part of the liver and it grows back
-deceased donor - you can take the whole thing
-complications: infections, failure |
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Term
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Definition
-non-cholestatic cirrhosis
-cholestatic live disease/cirrhosis (Crohn's, ulcerative colitis)
-biliary atresia (blockage)
-acute hepatic necrosis (hep C and B)
-metabolic disease
-malignant neoplasms
-cystic fibrosis |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
heart transplantation
-causes |
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Definition
-cardiomyopathy
-coronary artery disease
-congenital heart disease
-valvular heart disease
-retransplant/graft failure
-cancer |
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Term
heart transplantation
-cpmplications |
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Definition
failure
rejection
infection |
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Term
| heart transplantation heart rate response |
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Definition
due to cutting vagas nerve, which regulates SA nodes tendency to fire at 100bpm
-elevated heart rate at rest
-blunted heart rate response to exercise
-use RPE |
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Term
| Ventricular assist device |
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Definition
-can be destination or bridge
-continuous flow means no pulse rate |
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Term
lung transplant
-function
-preservation
-donor (live vs deceased)
- |
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Definition
-function in gas exchange
- preservation can be for 4-5 hours (not much)
-live donor can only give 1 lung, deceased can give 2 |
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Term
| causes of lung transplant |
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Definition
-emphysema
-cystic fibrosis
-pulmonary fibrosis
-pulmonary hypertension
-occupational inhalation
-burns/trauma |
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Term
| lung transplant complications |
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Definition
-denervation mean no cough reflex, diminished mucociliary function, which contributes to frequency of pulmonary infection
-graft failure
-infection
-rejection |
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