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Pathology Exam 1
N/A
32
Pathology
Undergraduate 4
09/15/2012

Additional Pathology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Pathology
Definition
The study of biological causes, effects, and processes of a disease 
Term
Pathogenesis
Definition
the underlying causes or development of a disease
Term
Etiology
Definition
the mechanisms of disease
Term
Sign
Definition
objective, visible pathology, seen/measured
Term
Symptom
Definition
subjective. complain made by patient of abnormal function or sensation
Term
Clinical presentation
Definition
The overall picture of the signs, symptoms, medical history, and physical examination
Term
Diagnosis
Definition
the specific injury, disease, or condition has, determined by medical examiniation
Term
Differential Diagnosis
Definition

identification of several conditions that might have similar clinical presentations

 

might require referall to a physician for further laboratory or imaging studies for clarification of the diagnosis

Term
Coexisiting/comorbid condistions
Definition

medicatl condition in addition to the primary problem

 

can complicate recover from an injury or illness or require treatment modifications

 

ex- disease but patient might have diabetes also

Term
Biomedical model of health and illness
Definition

-attributes the cause of disease to abnormal cell, tissue, or organ function

-abnormal function can be caused by anatomical or physiological defects, or by factors such as bacteria and viruses

Term
Psychosocial Theories
Definition

-patients who cannot adapt cognitively or socially to a major injury may be more prone to chronic illness and may not respond to treatment as expected

-outside emotional stress can confuse the clinical presentation of an illness

Term
Genetic factors
Definition

-Errors in DNA and RNA replication can contribute to pathogenesis, effectiveness of the immune system, and rate of tissue healing

-genetic and congenital disorders are commonly identified in pediatric patients

Term
Primary stage of disease prevention
Definition

-reduce rish factor

-ex) nutrition, exercise, monitoring environmental risks, education programs

Term
Secondary stage of disease prevention
Definition

-Early detection, early intervention, inhibit proliferation

-regular medical checkups, self-examination, early medical treatment

Term
Tertiary stage of disease prevention
Definition

Limit established disease

 -medical treatment, supportive and restorative

Term
Clinical Decision Making
Definition

process used by athletic trainers to formulate a diagnosis

-info from medical history and physical examination used to determine a differential diagnosis and best course of action

Term
Clinical decision making actions
Definition

-first aid

-emergency transport

-treatment and rehab

-reassessment

-modification of activity

-referall to other health care specialists

Term
Medical History
Definition
-an account of events related to a patient's state of health
Term

Medical History Purposes

 

Definition

-determine potential pathogenesis

-identify co-existing conditions

-determine the stage of the injury or illness

-identify contraindications to treatment

Term
Medical History procedures
Definition

-thorough and complete

-established rapport with patient

-guides the physical examination

Term
Medical History Components
Definition

-chief complain

-description and course of present illness

-personal medical history

-family medical history

-review of systems

Term
Medical tests
Definition

-imaging studies and laboratory tests, and when should be documented

-medications for current and coexisting condtions should be documented

-many medications have side effects or require treatment precautions

Term
Systemic syptoms
Definition

-constant

-no change with movement or posture

-no change or worse with rest

-worse at night

-worse with organ function

Term
Musculoskeletal symptoms
Definition

intermittent

-consistant change with movement or posture

-reliefe w rest and at night

-unaffected by organ function

Term
Causes of pain
Definition

Mechanical- musculoskeletal injuries

Chemical-biochemical substances released with tissue inury can produce pain and inflammation- constant, medications treat

Perceptual- pain percieved by culture, social,  experiences

Term
Pain Generating tissues
Definition

-Cutaneous- skin

-Deep somativ- originates in bones, nerves, muscles, tendons, ligaments, arteries, or joints- can cause sweating, pallor, nausea, syncope

-Visceral- internal organs, cardiovascular, hematological, pulmonary digestive, urogentital, endocrine, reproductive

Term
nociceptors
Definition
relay a diffuse signal that refers to associated dermatomes or produce a deep, gnawing ache in the thorax or abdomen
Term
Red Flags
Definition

-constant pain

-heart palpitations

-fainting

-night pain or night sweats

-visual problems

-unexplained weight loss

-severe shortness of breath

-recurrent nausea or vomiting

-difficult/painful urination

-blood in uring/stool

-excessive fatigue

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