Term
|
Definition
| abdominal muscle closure is incomplete. 40% have other birth defects |
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Term
|
Definition
| ventral wall defect, involves all of the layers of the abdominal wall |
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Term
|
Definition
| upper third of the esophagus, most common site of ectopic gastric mucosa |
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Term
|
Definition
| ectopic gastric mucosa in the small bowel or colon, occult blood loss |
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Term
|
Definition
| anti-mesenteric side of the bowel. 2yr/ 2%/ 2 feet from ileocecal valve, 2 inches |
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Term
|
Definition
| Failure of neural crest cells, lacks both Meissner submucosal and Auerbach myenteric plexus, receptor tyrosine kinase RET loss can cause |
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Term
|
Definition
| above upper esophageal sphincter |
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Term
|
Definition
| midpoint of the esophagus |
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Term
|
Definition
| above the lower esophageal sphincter |
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Term
|
Definition
| Associated with women over 40, reflux, iron-deficiency anemia with Paterson-Brown-Kelly or Plummer-Vinson |
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Term
|
Definition
| circumferential thickenings, A rings, squamous mucosa |
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Term
|
Definition
| Triad: incomplete LES relaxation, increased LES tone, aperistalsis of the esophagus |
|
|
Term
| gray-white pseudomembranes |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| failure of high-dose proton pump inhibitor |
|
|
Term
| Esophageal Adenocarcinoma |
|
Definition
| mutation or overexpression of p53, c-ERB-B2, cyclin D1, cyclin E, p16/INK4a, distal third of esophagus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hot beverages, African-Americans, middle of esophagus, rural, poor, alcohol and tobacco, p53, p16/INK4a, obstruction and strictures |
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Term
|
Definition
| neutrophils above the basement membrane, |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| proximal duodenum associated with burns or trauma |
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Term
|
Definition
| with intracranial disease and a high incidence of perforation |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| poverty, rural areas, persists for decades, CagA is pathogenic gene, Flagella, urease, adhesins, toxins, uncommon in oxyntic mucosa |
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Term
|
Definition
| hypergastrinemia secondary to achlorhydria, chief cell destruction, pernicious anemia, thinned rugal folds and fundus, goblet cells, intestinal metaplasia, smooth tongue, antibodies to parietal cells, Romberg sign |
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Term
|
Definition
| gastric antral vascular ectasia or watermelon stomach: longitudinal stripes; fibrin thrombi, |
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Term
|
Definition
| infiltrates of eosinophils, allergens like cow's milk |
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Term
|
Definition
| women, associated with celiac disease, small nodules with central aphthous ulceration |
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Term
|
Definition
| diverse group of diseases, often caused by Chrohn's |
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Term
|
Definition
| most commonly in the gastric antrum and first portion of the duodenum, sharply punched-out defect, heaped-up margins are more characteristic of cancers, granulation tissue at base, malignant transformation is rare |
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Term
|
Definition
| excessive TGF-alpha, antrum usually spared |
|
|
Term
| Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome |
|
Definition
| gastric-secreting tumor often with duodenal ulcers, parietal cell hyperplasia, associated with MEN-1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Associated with FAP, increased gastrin, |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| males, aged, associated with chronic gastritis, less than 2 cm in diameter, intestinal-type columnar epithelium |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| most common malignancy of the stomach, signet-ring cells, apical mucin vacuoles, discohesive cells, peripheral nuclei, supraclavicular sentinel lymph node, E-cadherin expression is drastically decreased in diffuse gastric cancer (CDH1), p53, p16/INK4a, BRCA2, BAC, IGFRII |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| EBV positive, MALTomas, eradication of H. pylori infection induces durable remissions; t(11;18)(q21;q21) and two others, lymphoepithelial lesions with lymphocytes infiltrating glands, plasmacytic differentiation, monocytoid change, CD19-20 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Tracheobroncial tree and lungs are most common. small polypoid lesions; yellow/tan, firm, strands, glands, or sheets of uniform cells, endocrine granule markers |
|
|
Term
| Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor |
|
Definition
| Carney triad in children : GIST, paraganglioma, pulmonary chrondroma; c-KIT gene, PDGFRA, serosal nodulesspindle cell or epithelioid cell type |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Extends proximally from the rectum, pseudopolyps and mucosal bridges, mucosal atrophy, no thickening, p-ANCA 75% |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| distal to the transverse colon |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| entirety of colon is affected |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| severe pancolitis that affects ilium |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| skip lesions, thickened walls, creeping fat, knife-like ulcers, malabsorption, aphthous ulcers, cobblestonning, fissures, Saccharomyces Cerevisiae; Genes: ATG1621, IRGM, Th17, NOD2, ECM1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 11 yrs, mucocutaneous hyperpigmentation (in mouth) risk of intussusceptions, sex chord tumors, haphazard arborized cellular arrangement; Genes: LKB1/STK11 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Triad: rectal bleeding, mucus discharge, inflammatory lesion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| macrocephaly, hamartomatous polyps, benign skin tumors, risk of breast carcinoma, PTEN mutation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| mental retardation, relatively low neoplastic risk, PTEN malfunction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| non-hereditary, >50yrs, diarrhea, weight loss, ab. pain, weakness, intestinal polyps, brittle nails/hair, dyspigmentation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| delayed shedding of cells causes serrated architecture |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| breach muscularis mucosa; Genes: APC, MUTYH |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| breach basement; Genes: APC, MUTYH |
|
|
Term
| Familial Adenomatous Polyposis |
|
Definition
| autosomal dominant, retinal pigment hypertrophy; Genes: APC, MUTYH |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| intestinal adenomas, CNS tumors |
|
|
Term
| Hereditary Non-Polyposis Colorectal Cancer (HNPCC) "Lynch" |
|
Definition
| younger ages, right colon, Genes: MSH1, MSH2 |
|
|
Term
| (Intestinal) Adenocarcinoma |
|
Definition
| ileum is uncommon, low fiber/high fat diet, NSAIDS are protective as cells express COX-2, signet ring dysplasia, fatigue, weakness, iron deficiency anemia, Genes: APC, beta-catenin, WNT |
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