Term
|
Definition
| glucocorticoids, Middle of the cortex |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| mineralocorticoids, (aldosterone), Most superficial |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sex steroids, Abuts the medulla |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chromaffin cells, catecholamines |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| granular, basphilic cytoplasm of ACTH cells becomes homogenous and paler w/ keratin filaments. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Adenomas twice as common but carcinomas produce more ACTH-independent Cushings |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Yellow adrenals resulting from ACTH-dependent Cushing's |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| darkly pigmented (brown to black) micronodules |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| yellow tumors surrounded by thin or well-developed capsules. Cells like those in zona fasciculata |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| larger than adenomas, unencapsulated, anaplastic characteristics |
|
|
Term
| Cushings Dexamethasone tests |
|
Definition
| Pituitary: no low suppression but high suppression. Ectopic: No suppression. Adrenal: ACTH is quite low, no suppression |
|
|
Term
| Primary Aldosteronism causes |
|
Definition
| IHA (bilateral idiopathic hyperaldosteronism) most common, Adrenocortical neoplasm: Conn syndrome for adenoma, Glucoroticoid-remidiable hyperaldosteronism: CYP11C1/2 aldosterone controlled by ACTH |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| solitary, small, circumscribed, more on the left, 30/40, women, yellow, resemble fasciculata cells. spironolactone bodies after treatment. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| after treatment with spironolactone, eosinophilic laminated cytoplasmic inclusions |
|
|
Term
| Bilateral idiopathic hyperplasia |
|
Definition
| Often wedge-shaped. Most common hyperaldosteronism |
|
|
Term
| Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia |
|
Definition
| autosomal-recessive, cortisol biosynthesis deficit, salt wasting |
|
|
Term
| 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency |
|
Definition
| CYP21A1. defective conversion of progesterone to 11-deoxycorticosterone. 90% of CAH. salt-wasting, simple virilizing or nonclassic (mild) |
|
|
Term
| Waterhous-Friderichsen Syndrome |
|
Definition
| Meningococci, Pseudomonas, pneumococci, H. influenzae, hypotension, DIC |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Primary chronic adrenocortical insufficiency: autoimmune, tuberculosis, AIDS, cancer. Hyperkalemia, hyponatremia, hypotension, volume depletion |
|
|
Term
| APS1 (Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndrome) |
|
Definition
| polyendocrinopathy, candidiasis, ectodermal dystrophy, hypoparathyroidism, anemia, hypogonadism. AIRE gene on 21q22 broken. |
|
|
Term
| APS2 (Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndrome) |
|
Definition
| early adulthood, adrenal insufficiency and autoimmune thyroiditis or DMI. No: candidiasis, ectodermal dysplasia, hypoparathyroidism |
|
|
Term
| Hyperpigmentation in Adrenocortical Insufficiency Indicates |
|
Definition
| Primary rather than secondary modality |
|
|
Term
| Secondary Adrenocortical Insufficiency |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Adrenocortical Neoplasms in Children |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| germline p53 mutation. Adrenal carcinomas more likely |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| imprinting disorder, predisposes to adrenal carcinomas |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Most likely to cause hyperaldosteronism/Cushing's |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Most likely to present with virilization. Rare, more likely to be functional, large, invasive, poorly demarcated. Invade adrenal vein to lungs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| unusual benign lesions, hematopoietic cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Supports chromaffin cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Neuroendocrine cells like chromaffin cells as well as the adrenal medula |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chromaffin cells, 10s: 10% extra-adrenal/bilateral/malignant/non-HTN/germline. (Germline=25%). Well demarcated, hemorrhagic, necrotic, cystic, spindle shaped, zellballen, 'salt & pepper' chromatin. Paroxysmal hypertension |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| alveoli of cells found in pheochromocytoma |
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|
