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a state of optimal physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease
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- change from normal or deviation from mornal health
- change in homeostasis or balance within the body |
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| occurs in familes due to genetics |
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associated with infammation
ex: pneumonia |
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degenaration of tissue or organs
ex: arthritis |
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disturbed metabolic process
ex: diabetes |
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| characterized by benign and malignant tumors |
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scientific study of disease, structural and functional changes in desease.
Histopathology / Anatomic Pathology : Pathologists specializing in anatomical changes in disease. Usually using a tissue biopsy.
Cytopathology: Pathologists specializing in study of body fluids & Cells.
Hematology: Study of blood and blood forming organs.
MorbidAnatomy: Autopsy or Post mortem study for legal or educational purpose.
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¢the biochemical, functional and/or morphologic focus of change within cells and tissues
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sample of tissue or fluid taken for the purpose of diagnosis |
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When the itiology (cause) of the disease is of outside origin
Ex: microbial organism
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practicioner induced
ex: medication reactions |
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Result of treatment in a hospital or healthcare service until, but secondary to the patient's orginal condition
ex: MRSA
considered nosocomial if they first appear 48 hrs or more after hospital admission or within 30 days after discharge. |
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diseases caused by internal etiologic events
Ex: genetics-lupus
Degenerative-osteoporosis |
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anything physical, psychological that causes body to initiate response.
harmful when long-term |
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| ex: someone living witha smoker has a higher risk of developing a smoke-associatd illness than a non-smoking environment. |
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| risk factor: pre-existing conditions |
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if compromised by one disease at risk of developing a second disease.
ex: psoriasis can become infected by bacteria as opposed to intact skin. |
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may be found alone or in combination
ex: diabetic who smokes = high risk for developing periodontal disease |
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disease progression
cells or tissues respond to an etiologic factor |
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| disease developing but no signs yet |
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objective observation made by clinician
Es: high BP |
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subjective report from patient
Ex: fatigue, headache, nausea |
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observable characteristics of specific pathology
Ex: signs and symptoms |
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no overt manifestation of desease, lab tesets used to verify.
Ex: herpes complex |
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worsening of disease
ex: spicy food and ulcer |
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| affected individual or part returns to normal |
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| the secondary effects of the disease on other organs and the patient as a whole |
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| illnes or disability assoc. with disease; used statistically |
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| additional disease or process or condition occurring at same time due to 1st disease |
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| flare-up after disease was thought to be gone |
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| the number of newly diagnosed patients in a given time period |
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the number of people witha disease at a given time
allows researchers to see if disease is increasing or decreasing |
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first time of protection from exoenous elemtns that may cause disease
ex: enzymes in saliva |
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| term used to describe a cound or distinct area in which a pathologic change has taken place |
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| less than 1 cm fill with clear fluid |
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| attached to tissues by broad base or stalk |
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a systematic method of diagnosing a disorder that lacks unique symptoms or signs
Ex: a headache |
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conclusion is determined when all suspected causes on the list except one are eliminated.
physician or dentist |
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| may not eliminate disesase but treats signs and symptoms |
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