Term
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Definition
| breaking epidermis causing a raw linear area (scratch) |
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Term
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Definition
| rough skin from repeated rubbing |
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Term
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Definition
| circumscribed <5mm lesion characterized by flatness (Patch is >5mm) |
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Term
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Definition
| Separation of nail from bed |
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Term
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Definition
| Elevated dome-shaped lesions <5mm (nodule is >5mm) |
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Term
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Definition
| Elevated flat-topped lesion >5mm |
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Term
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Definition
| discrete, pus-filled raised lesion |
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Term
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Definition
| platelike excrescence, often from imperfect cornification |
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Term
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Definition
| Fluid-filled raised lesion <5mm (Bulla is >5mm) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Fluid-filled raised lesion > 5mm |
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Term
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Definition
| Itchy, transient, elevated lesion with variable blanching, dermal edema |
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Term
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Definition
| loss of intercellular cohesion |
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Term
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Definition
| diffuse epidermal hyperplasia |
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Term
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Definition
| Abnormal, premature keratinization within cells below the stratum granulosum |
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Term
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Definition
| Infiltration by inflammatory cells |
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Term
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Definition
| Intracellular edema of keratinocytes, viral infections |
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Term
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Definition
| Hyperplasia of the stratum granulosum |
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Term
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Definition
| Thickening of the stratum corneum |
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Term
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Definition
| linear melanocyte proliferation within the epidermal basal cell layer |
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Term
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Definition
| elevation caused by hyperplasia and enlargement of continuous dermal papillae |
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Term
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Definition
| keratinization with retained nuclei in the stratum corneum |
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Term
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Definition
| Intercellular edema of the epidermis |
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Term
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Definition
| Discontinuity of the skin showing complete loss of the epidermis |
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Term
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Definition
| vacuoles within or adjacent to cells |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| letiginous linear (non-nested) melanocytic hyperplasia |
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Term
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Definition
| neoplasm of melanocytes. CDKN2A, NRAS, BRAE |
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Term
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Definition
| depth of invasion from the superficial epidermal granular cell layer to the deepest intradermal tumor cells |
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Term
| Radial growth of malanoma |
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Definition
| lentigo maligna : indolent lesion; superficial spreading : sun-exposed skin; acral/mucosal lentiginous : unrelated to sun |
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Term
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Definition
| Genes: MC1R, ASIP, TYR, CDKN2A, p16/INK4a; RAS, PI-3K/AKT, BRAF, PTEN silenced |
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Term
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Definition
| keratin=filled 'horn' cysts. Dermatosis papulosa nigra. ingavination cysts. Leser-Trelat sign for paraneoplastic syndrome |
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Term
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Definition
| hyperpigmented skin with a velvet-like texture; Gene FGFR3 for malignant type. Seen with achondroplasia and thanatophoric dysplasia |
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Term
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Definition
| seen in Birt-Hogg-Dube with tumors of perifollicular mesenchyme |
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Term
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Definition
| filled with keratin and lipid-containing debris derived form sebaceous secretions |
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Term
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Definition
| Wen : wall resembling normal epidermis |
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Term
| pilar / trichilemmal cysts |
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Definition
| Wen : resembles follicular epithelium |
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Term
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Definition
| Wen : contains multiple appendages budding outward from its wall |
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Term
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Definition
| cyst with a wall resembling a sebaceous gland duct |
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Term
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Definition
| Depp dermal growth, present at birth, large ones have increased melanoma risk |
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Term
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Definition
| non-nested dermal infiltration with fibrosis, often confused with melanoma |
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Term
| Spindle and epithelioid cell (Spitz nevus) |
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Definition
| Fascicular growth, red-pink nodule, confused with hemangioma, plump pink-blue fusiform cells |
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Term
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Definition
| lymphocytic infiltration surrounding nevus, host immune response |
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Term
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Definition
| Coalescent intraepidermal nests, cytologic atypia |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| ductal (apocrine of eccrine) differentiation; Gine: CYLD |
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Term
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Definition
| eccrine differentiation, lower eyelids |
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Term
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Definition
| internal malignancy in the Muir-Torre syndrome, frothy or bubbly cytoplasm in cells; Genes: WNT |
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Term
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Definition
| follicular differentiation; Genes: CTNNB1 beta-catenin gene |
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Term
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Definition
| basaloid cells resembling hair follicles |
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Term
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Definition
| ductal differentiation with prominent decapitation secretion |
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Term
| Actinic Keratosis (cheilitis for lips) |
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Definition
| 'horn forming', pink or reddish cytoplasm due to dyskeratosis, parakeratosis; treat with imiquimod |
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Term
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Definition
| second most common tumor arising on sun-exposed sites in older people (#1 is basal cell carcinoma)nuclei involve all levels, dyskeratosis, HPV 5&8, p53 dysfunction |
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Term
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Definition
| most common invasive cancer in humans, prominent, dilated subepidermal blood vessels (telangiectasias), highly invasive, palisading cells; Genes: PTCH, p53 |
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Term
| Multifocal growth pattern |
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Definition
| Basal Cell Carcinoma: originating from the epidermis and over the skin surface |
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Term
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Definition
| Basal Cell Carcinoma: growing downward deeply into the dermis as cords and islands, mucinous matrix |
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Term
| Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS) |
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Definition
| also Gorlin syndrome. Autosomal dominant. intracranial calcification, rib anomalies, PTCH on 9p22.3 Patched. |
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Term
| dermatofibroma (benign fibrous histiocytoma) |
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Definition
| often flattened, dimple inward on lateral compression (nodular melanomas protrude when squeezed) spindle-shaped cells, well-defined, nonencapsulated |
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Term
| Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans |
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Definition
| fibroblasts arranged radially, locally aggressive, 'pinwheel or storiform', honeycomb pattern; Gene: COL1A1 / PDGFB translocation. Treat with surgery or imatinib |
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Term
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Definition
| overexpression of CLA (d-emblee is more agressive nodular eruptive variant) scaly, red-brown patches, fungating nodules, CD4 t-cells, steroids for therapy |
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Term
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Definition
| form band-like aggregates, invade the epidermis forming pautrier microabscesses, infolded nuclear membranes, cerebriform contour |
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Term
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Definition
| Mycosis Fungoides: diffuse erythema and scaling of the entire body surface (erythroderma) |
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Term
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Definition
| inceased mast cells, use toluidine blue or Giemsa stains) |
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Term
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Definition
| 50% of all cases predominantly in children. often systemic. prognosis may be poor |
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Term
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Definition
| dermal edema and erythema (wheal) when lesion skin is rubbed |
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Term
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Definition
| dermal edema as a result of localized stroking with a pointed instrument |
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Term
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Definition
| hyperkeratosis resembling fish scales, loss of normal basket-weave patter of stratum corneum |
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Term
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Definition
| deficiency of steroid sulfatase |
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Term
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Definition
| Hives. localized mast cell degranulation |
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Term
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Definition
| deeper edema of both the dermis and the subcutaneous fat |
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Term
| Acute Eczematous Dermatitis |
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Definition
| red, papulovesicular, oozing and crusted lesions. Can be allergic, atopic, drug, photoeczematous, or primary irritant. Spongiosis. Edema seeps into the intercelular spaces. |
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Term
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Definition
| bacterial superinfection of eczema producing a yellow crust |
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Term
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Definition
| hypersensitivity reaction. Caused by: infections, drugs, malignant disease, vascular diseases. degenerating necrotic keratinocytes, interface dermatitis, blister formation, targetoid (target-like09 lesions with central necrosis surrounded by perivenular inflammation. CLA+ CD8+ CTLs |
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Term
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Definition
| associated with arthritis, myopathy, enteropathy, spondylitic joint disease, AIDS, plaques, nail changes, oil slick discoloration, elongation of rete ridges like test tubes in a rack. Stratum granulosum thinned, vessels close to parakeratotic scale, Auspitz sign, munro microabscesses. HLA-C |
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Term
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Definition
| bleeding points when the scale is lifted from the plaque |
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Term
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Definition
| neutrophil aggregates within parakeratotic stratum corneum |
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Term
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Definition
| dandruff. cradle cap in infants. follicular lipping. ketoconazole treates lipophilic yeast malassezia furfur |
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Term
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Definition
| pruritic, purple, polygonal, planar papules and plaques, highlighted by white dots (wickham striae). anucleate necrotic basal cells called colloid or Civatte bodies. interface dermatitis |
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Term
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Definition
| autoantibodies against desmogleins. result in the dissolution of intercellular attachments within the epidermis and mucosal epithelium. Acantholysis. blister base like row of tombstones. |
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Term
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Definition
| Most common. bullae rupture leaving shallow erosions. |
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Term
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Definition
| large moist verrucous vegetating plaques |
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Term
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Definition
| endemic in Brazil with very superficial errosions |
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Term
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Definition
| localized, less severe, malar area of the face. |
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Term
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Definition
| most commonly associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma |
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Term
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Definition
| elderly individuals, tense bullae, do not rupture easily unlike pemphigus. subepidermal, nonacantholytic blisters. linear deposition of immunoglobulin and complement. Bullow pemphigoid antigen (BPAG) against hemidesmosomes. |
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Term
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Definition
| urticaria and grouped vesicles, associated with celiac disease, IgA against reticulin. neutrophils at tips of drml papillae, pruritic!, involving extensor surfaces |
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Term
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Definition
| inherited defects in structural proteins |
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Term
| Epidermolysis Bullosa : simplex type |
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Definition
| defects of the basal cell layer from mutations in keratins 5 or 14, normally pair with one another |
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Term
| Epidermolysis Bullosa : junctional type |
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Definition
| blisters occur at the level of the lamina lucida |
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Term
| epidermolysis Bullosa : dystrophic type |
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Definition
| blisters develop beneath the lamina densa. Genes: COL7A1 for type VII collagen. risk of Squamous cell carcinoma |
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Term
| non-Herlitz junctional epidermolysis bullosa |
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Definition
|
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Term
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Definition
| porhyrins are pigments normaly in hemoglobin etc. Types : congenital trythropoietic, erythrohepatic, acute intermittent, cutanea tarda, mixed. Sunlight sensitivity, superficial dermal vessel wall thickening |
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Term
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Definition
| Types : open/closed comedones, lipase-synthesizing bacteria (proprionibacterium acnes), inflammation; treatment: isotretinoin |
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Term
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Definition
| flushing, erythema and telangiectasia, pustules and papules, rhinophyma, antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammatory reaction in the subcutaneous adipose tissue affecting the septa or the lobules |
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Term
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Definition
| most common panniculitis: acute presentation, infections, tender poorly defined plaques. generous biopsy is required. septal fibrosis |
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Term
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Definition
| uncommon panniculitis: adolescents and menopausal women, vasculitis affecting deep vessels supplying lobules. Targets fat lobules, caseous necrosis |
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Term
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Definition
| relapsing febrile nodular panniculitis : crops of erythematous plaques or nodules, deep-seated foci of inflammation |
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Term
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Definition
| self-inflicted trauma in injection of foreign or toxic substances |
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Term
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Definition
| most common wart, dorsal surfaces of the hands. papillomaviruses |
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Term
| Verruca plana or flat wart |
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Definition
| face or dorsum of hands, HPV 6&11 |
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Term
| Verruca plantaris/palmaris |
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Definition
| soles and palms, HPV 6&11 |
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Term
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Definition
| brick shaped, has a dumbbell shaped dna core, curd-like material can be expressed, molluscum bodies with giemsa stain. cuplike verrucous epidermal hyperplasia, pale blue hue |
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Term
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Definition
| common superficial bacterial infection of skin. honey-colored crust, accumulation of neutrophils beneath the stratum corneum. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| children, hairless patches of skin |
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Term
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Definition
| infection of the body surface |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| upper trunk. distinctive. Malassezia furfur |
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