Term
| parasitic organisms that cause disease |
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Definition
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Term
| What fraction of crops are lost to disease each year? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do bacteria enter a plant? |
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Definition
| through stomata or wounds |
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Term
| Where do bacteria get the energy to reproduce? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the two most common plant diseases? |
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Definition
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Term
| abnormal, tumor-like growth in plants |
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Definition
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Term
| bacteria without cell walls, usually found only in phloem cells, transmitted by insects like aphids and whiteflies, can block vascular tissue |
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Definition
| microplasm-like organisms (MLOs) |
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Term
| How does an agrobacterium cause gall growth in a plant? |
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Definition
| by injecting its own DNA into plant DNA, causing production of excess growth hormones |
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Term
| What is an example of a condition caused by an MLO? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name three conditions that bacterial infection can cause. |
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Definition
- bacterial wilt
- soft rot
- blight
- galls
- chlorosis
- necrosis
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Term
most important pathogens of plants, spread by spores, enter through stomata or wounds, infects plants by growing hyphae that lead to production of substances that change growth or kill plant tissue |
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Definition
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Term
| Where was the first virus ever identified? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name 2 examples of fungal infection. |
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Definition
- black stem rust
- white pine blister rust
- white powdery mildew
- Dutch Elm Disease
- fungal wilt
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Term
| How do viruses enter a plant? |
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Definition
| through wounds or transmitted by insects |
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Term
| What do viruses consist of? (anatomy) |
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Definition
| nucleic acid and a protein coat |
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Term
| How do viruses move throughout a plant? |
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Definition
| through plasmodesmata or phloem |
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Term
| Name 3 examples of galls caused by insects |
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Definition
- goldenrod galls-parasitic fly
- oak apple gall-wasps (found on leaves)
- horned oak gall-wasps (formed on twigs)
- maple leaf galls-mites
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Term
| abnormally woody growth on trunk or branches of tree |
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Definition
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Term
| Name 3 possible causes of burls |
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Definition
- physical damage-> uncontrollable wound response
- pathogen infection
- insect infestation
- parasitic plants
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