Term
| Functions of the nervous system |
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Definition
1. Structures such as muscles, glands, and organs.
2. Heartbeat
3. Blood flow
4. Breathing
5. Digestion
6. Urination
7. Defecation |
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Term
| Three components of the nervous system |
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Definition
| Brain, spinal cord, and nerves. |
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| Peripheral Nervous System |
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Definition
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| a set of three tough membranes that encase the CNS. |
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| the middle layer, named for its spider web-like vascular system. |
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Definition
| the innermost layer of meninges that rests directly on the brain and spinal cord. |
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Term
| Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) |
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Definition
| a plasmalike liquid that fills the space between the arachnoid and the pia mater layers to provide aditional cushion and support to the CNS. |
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Definition
| located in the brain's ventricles and continuously produces CSF. |
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Definition
| interconnected, hollow areas of the brain where CSF fills and flows freely between them. |
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Definition
| located within the skull and contains billions of neurons. |
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Term
| Two basic types of cells in neural tissue |
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Definition
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Definition
| They scaffold neural tissue as well as isolate and protect neuron cell membranes. Regulate interstitial fluid, defend the neuron against pathogens, and assist with neural repair. |
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Definition
| fundamental unit of the nervous system that generate bioelectrical impulses and transmit them from one area of the body to another. |
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Definition
| transmit impulses away from the cell body |
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Definition
transmit impulses toward the cell body.
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Definition
| when the axon reaches its destination, it often branches into several small fibers that terminate into miniscule bulges. They communicate with neurons, muscle fibers, or glands. |
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Definition
| increases the rate of impulse transmission approximately 400 times faster than unmyelinated nerves. |
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Definition
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Definition
| schwann cells are seperated by |
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Definition
| bundles on myelinated nerves |
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Definition
| refers to the gap between the neurons |
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Definition
| terminal button or some similar structure. |
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| small ionic changes (Na and K moving across cell membranes) generating neural impulses. |
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Definition
| the plasma side of the neuron membrane has a slight charge at rest, because of trhe sodium ionsconcentrated on the outside of the cell. |
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Term
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Definition
| rapid inflow of positively charged sodium ions increasing the charge. |
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Term
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Definition
| impulses travel down the nerve to trigger the release of______ from the presynaptic terminal |
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Term
| Cranial nerves I, II, and VIII |
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Definition
| only carry sensory fibers |
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Term
Cranial nerves III, IV, VI, XI, and XII
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Definition
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Term
| Cranial nerves V, VII, IX, and X. |
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Definition
| carry both sensory and motor functions. |
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Definition
| largest of the regions of the brain and controls the higher thought processes. |
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Definition
| a thin layer of gray matter that surrounds the cerebrum |
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Definition
| lies beneath the gray matter, contains bundles of axons that transmit impulses from the cerebral cortex to the spinal cord, enhancing communication and coordination of activities. |
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Definition
| divides the cerebrum into left and right hemispheres. |
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Term
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Definition
folds that increase the surface area of the cerebrum.
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Definition
| refer to the grooves in between the gyri. |
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Definition
| subdivisions named for the bone of the skull that covers it. |
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Definition
| facilitates voluntary motor activity and plays a role in personality traits |
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Definition
| recieves and interprets sensory input with the exception of smell, hearing and vision. |
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Definition
| processes visual information |
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Definition
| plays an essential role in hearing and memory. |
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Definition
| includes the thalamus and hypothalamus |
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Definition
| recieves and relays most of the sensory input, affects mood, and initiates body movements |
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| participates in motor activities |
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Definition
| most inferior portion of the diencephalon; it regulates many bodily functions. |
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Definition
| (includes the pons, cerebellum, and medulla) connects the brain to the spinal cord. It maintains heart rate,blood pressure, and respiration. |
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Definition
| contains nerves that regulate sleep and breathing. |
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Definition
| the smallest region of the brain, and acts as a sort of relay station for auditory and visual information. Also controls eye movement. |
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Definition
| a conduction pathway for ascending and descending nerve tracts. Coordinates heart rate, peripheral vascular resistance, breathing, swallowing, vomiting, coughing, and sneezing. |
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Definition
| nerve fibers that have branches terminating in a region of the brain stem. Acts as a gate keeper, recieving all incoming and outgoing information. |
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Term
| reticular activating system |
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Definition
| the reticular formation sends impulses to the cerebral cortex through specialized nerve fibers. These fibers make up the ______ |
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Definition
| communicates with other regiions of the brain to coordinate the synergistic motion of muscle movement and balance as well as cognition. |
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Definition
| a set of key structures deep within the cerebrum, diencephalon, and midbrain. Plays a pivitol role in coordination, motor movement, and posture. |
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Definition
| comprise portions of the cerebrum and diencephalon. It works in conjuction with the hypothalamus to influence instinctive behavior, emotions, motivation, mood, pain, and pleasure |
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Term
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Definition
| teh spinal cord exits the skull through the large and only opening in the skull |
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