rapid accumulation of fluid in pericardial that causes pressure with causes cardiac compression

why is it a big deal?

low cardiac output

visceral and parietal- protects it around that part of heart

If pressure = DPM then  R atrium cannot fill diastole which causes right heart failure (pericardocentesis)

calculated by: stroke volume x HR

putting thru system with each contraction per minute

normal is 5 mL/min

valvular stenosis- stiffening of valve. ventricle hypertrophy cause the blood stays put and backflows

Mitral insufficiency- back flow, eats leaflets prolapse (most common with L. side)

the resistance to ejection of blood from the L. ventricle

residual left over in the ventricle

-didn't get rid of it all

·         chest pain (lack of blood in <3)

·         can give nitroglycerin and will go away

·         spasm of arteries

·         goes away with rest

·         stress and exercise induced

if nitroglycerin given and chest pain disappears then angina

if persists you are going to cath lab

more stretch the stronger the contraction

what makes the myocardium diff from muscle tissue?

what is the diagnostic tool for CML diagnostic tool?

pericardial space and purpose?

·         clot that forms and is attached and stuck

Get DVT from standing or crossing legs 9anything that puts pressure)

 blood pooled distended vein

primary: smoking and obesity

secondary: modifiable, high anxiety->high stress->renal failure

Kidney's being number 1

from venis stasis, smoking, trauma, pregnancy, oral contraception, hypercoagulation, polycythemia

Prevent by taking anticoagulants: heparin, coumadine, ASA , plavix, Aggrenox

middle of bone

structure and strength

At the ends

Compact & Marrow

looks like a sac on one side, intema weakened on one side

"outpuching" from arterial wall

looks like a hufe sac on entire arterial wall, spindle-shaped

both sides are bulging

be worried when aneurysm is above_________.

Use dacron graft/patch

pain in the back (comes off renal)

in flank area

hormone secreted by kidneys and forms RBC's

detects protein

#1 component of plasma

straw colored

builds up in arteries -plaque

narrows vessels and instead of pumping blood through big vessel you have it working harder to pump that blood through

the peripheral vascular resistance goes up and BP goes up

hemorrhaging

-RBC and blood transusion iron

lack of vitamin b 12

IM not Subq

-usually have to come in to get them with a shot, but doesn't work effectively if given

DVT (treated with anticoagulant; start with herparin because it's intrinsic and then coumadin)

Herparin measures PTT

TPA-clot buster

Pt/INR coumadin

thrombopheltis

Major complications for patients that had major abdominal surgeries:

disseminated, intravascular, coagulation

hemmorrhaging and clotting happens at the same time

-use blood transfusions and heparin

-20% survival rate

the walls of ventricles thicken and are stiff non compliant and decrease in ventricular filling

endocardialfibrus- decrease following diastole strict but not thickened

·         Definition: increase RBC's

·         increase in production

decrease in plasma

Increase in WBC's-

increase in RBC's- 

decrease in WBC-

·         tissuethromboplastin released by endothelial cells comes in contact w/clotting factors

lymph nodes enlarged

petechiae

pale, weak, weight loss

decreased platelets, and clotting factors, can bleed to death

< 150,000

cardiogenic: cardiac output lost

hypovolemic-volume lost

start to lose vitals

if there is not enough volume the BP decreases and heart rate increases

with hodgkins use reed sternberg and run EBV

with nonhodgkins look for symptoms

can come anywhere in the body

and breaks off and travels to the lung

dont have permeability and you get tissue hypoxia

cause clotting and more viscous

*PAIN*

-genetic

·         autosomal recessive

platelets decrease rapidly

eaten up by the spleen

decrease in platelets by own immune system

right neck vein distention

digoxin

lasics