Term
| One function of the somatic nervous system that is not performed by the autonomic nervous system is conduction of impulses: |
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Definition
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Term
| A neuron with a single dendrite at one end of the cell and a single axon at the other end of the cell body would be classified as: |
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Definition
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Term
| Neurons that carry impulses away from from the CNS are called: |
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Definition
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Term
| Neurons are specialized for the conduction of impulses, whereas neuroglia: |
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Definition
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Term
| There is one-way conduction at a synapse because: |
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Definition
| c. only the presynaptic neuron contains neurotransmitters |
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Term
| Which contains the thalamus and hypothalamus? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which is not a protective covering of the CNS? |
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Definition
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Term
| The compostion of cerebrospinal fluid is: |
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Definition
| c. a plama-like liquid with glucose, salts, and proteins. |
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Term
| An autonomic ganglion can be described as: |
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Definition
| a. the site of synapse between visceral efferent neurons. |
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Term
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Definition
| b. decrease pain sensations |
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Term
| Referred pain from upper abdominal diseases involves: |
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Definition
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Term
| In the gate control theory of pain: |
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Definition
| b. stimulation of large A fibers "closes the gate" |
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Term
| Which is not a neuromodulator of pain? |
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Definition
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Term
| Increased serum levels of epinephrine increase the body temperature by: |
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Definition
| c. increasing heat production |
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Term
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Definition
| c. core temperature increases as the regulatory center fails. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Although non-REM and REM sleep are defined by electrical recordings, they are characterized by physiologic events. Which does NOT occur? |
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Definition
| d. during non-REM, levels of corticosteroids increase. |
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Term
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Definition
| b. disrupts both vestibular and hearing functions |
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Term
| Acute otitis media (AOM): |
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Definition
| b. displays a tympanic membrane progressing from erythema to opaqueness with bulging. |
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Term
| Age-related macular degeneration (AMD): |
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Definition
| c. exhibits retinal detachment and loss of photoreceptors. |
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Term
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Definition
| a. is the constant, involuntary movement of the eyeball caused by ear disturbances. |
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Term
| Supratentorial processes reduce arousal by: |
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Definition
| b. displacement of the brain stem. |
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Term
| An individual shows flexion in upper extremities and extension in lower extremeties. This is: |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| b. permits normal internal homeostasis |
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Term
| Precipitating causes of seizures include all of the following EXCEPT: |
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Definition
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Term
| Which epileptic seizure is characterized by temporal lobe spikes in the EEG? |
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Definition
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Term
| Postictal sleeping can be seen in _____ seizures. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| b. is most prevalent as a late-onset dementia |
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Term
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Definition
| a. abnormal posture maintained by muscular contractions. |
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Term
| An individual with increased intracranial pressure from a head injury shows small and reactive pupils, widened pulse pressure, and slowed breathing. Which stage of ICP exists? |
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Definition
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Term
| Infratentorial herniation occurs with: |
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Definition
| c. shifting of the cerebellum |
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Term
| In cerebral vasogenic edema: |
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Definition
| c. plasma proteins leak into extracellular spaces |
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Term
| Which statement is NOT true regarding increasing intracellular pressure? |
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Definition
| a. Accumulating CO2 causes vasoconstriction |
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Term
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Definition
| b. only local injury occurs |
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Term
| In an automobile accident, an individual's forehead struck the windshield. The coup/contrecoup injury would be in the: |
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Definition
| d. occipital/frontal region |
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Term
| Most spinal cord injuries occur in the: |
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Definition
| b. cervical and lumbar injuries |
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Term
| Injury of the cervical cord may be life threatening because of: |
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Definition
| e. diaphragmatic impairment |
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Term
| Autonomic hyperreflexia is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT: |
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Definition
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Term
| Intervetebral disk herniation: |
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Definition
| b. in the lumbosacral area causes pain over the gluteal region and into the calf or ankle. |
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Term
| Transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) are: |
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Definition
| c. focal neurologic deficits that develop suddenly. |
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Term
| Which most typically characterizes the victims of a cerebral embolic stroke? |
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Definition
| middle-aged individuals with a history of heart disease |
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Term
| Ruptured aneurysms are most likely in ____ cerebrovascular accidents. |
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Definition
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Term
| Which is NOT a primary intracerebral neoplasm? |
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Definition
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Term
| In bacterial meningitis, the CSF has: |
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Definition
| c. neutrophilic infiltration |
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Term
| Multiple sclerosis involves: |
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Definition
| b. activation of the syncytin gene |
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Term
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Definition
| a. the fracture crosses or involves the entire width or thickness of the bone. |
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Term
| In an oblique fracture, the energy or force is: |
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Definition
| b. compressive and at an angle |
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Term
| Which is a definite sign of a fracture? |
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Definition
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Term
| The most common cause of osteomyelitis is: |
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Definition
| c. direct contamination of an open wound. |
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Term
| Osteoporosis pathogenesis involves: |
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Definition
| c. alteration in the OPG/RANKL/RANK system |
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Term
| Bone tumors may originate from all of the following EXCEPT: |
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Definition
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Term
| In benign bone tumors, there is: |
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Definition
| a. a uniform and well-defined lytic area |
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Term
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Definition
| e. osteogenic, malignant tumor |
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Term
| A major symptom of bone cancer is a: |
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Definition
| b. persistant pain that worsens at night. |
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Term
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Definition
| d. have high recurrence rates |
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Term
| Rheumatoid arthritis begins with: |
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Definition
| a. destruction of the synovial membrane and subsynovial tissue. |
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Term
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Definition
| b. muscle shortening possible because of CNS injury. |
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Term
| Myotonia is all of the folling EXCEPT: |
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Definition
| d. unresponsiveness to neural stimulation. |
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Term
| Myotonia is all of the folling EXCEPT: |
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Definition
| d. unresponsiveness to neural stimulation. |
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Term
| Which of the following best describes successive, rapid, impulses received from a single neuron on the same synapse? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following is invloved in pain transmission? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following is responsible for structural support within a cell? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following is NOT a part of the meninges surrounding the brain? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following is TRUE regarding the cerebellum? |
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Definition
| B. Maintains balance and posture |
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Term
| Which of the following is NOT a classification of acute pain? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the appropriate definition of perceptual dominance? |
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Definition
| b. pain at one location that may cause an increase in threshold at another location. |
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Term
| Which of the following is TRUE regarding the specificity theory of pain? |
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Definition
| c. relates the amount of pain to the amount of soft tissure injury. |
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Term
| Which two systems regulate the complex emotional responses to pain? |
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Definition
| b. Limbic and reticular system |
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Term
| Which term describes a patient who is experiencing a loss of comprehension or production of language? |
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Definition
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