Term
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Definition
| a vein in which blood has pooled |
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Term
| chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) |
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Definition
| inadequate venous return over a long period; this is related to varicose veins or valvular incompetence; you will get pooling of blood, hyperpigmented skin, and edema; can lead to venous stasis ulcers |
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Term
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Definition
| result of reduced delivery of oxygen, infection, and inflammation; cell death occurs and necrotic tissue develops into these |
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Term
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Definition
| which are more common? venous or arterial thrombi? |
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Term
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Definition
| associated with varicose veins and CVI; may obstruct venous flow which causes increased venous pressure. you get accumulation of clotting factors/platelets and inflammation |
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Term
| factors that promote DVT (triad of Virchow) |
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Definition
| venous stasis (circulation not moving/static), venous endothelial damage (from trauma or medications), and hypercoagulable states (result of pregnancy or cancer) |
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Term
| superior vena cava syndrome |
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Definition
| progressive occlusion of the superior vena cava that leads to venous distention in the upper extremities and head; it prevents (or slows) venous return from the upper extremities and head. Usually caused by an obstruction (most commonly a tumor) pressing on SVC close to where it enters the RA |
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Term
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Definition
| consistent elevation of arterial blood pressure |
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Term
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Definition
| essential or idiopathic hypertension that's due to genetic and environmental factors; affects 92-95% of people with hypertension |
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Term
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Definition
| hypertension caused by an underlying disease process or medication that raises peripheral vascular resistance or cardiac output; ex: birth control pills, drugs |
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Term
| isolated systolic hypertension |
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Definition
| a sustained systolic BP that is >or=140mmHg and diastolic that's below 90mmHg; caused by increases in cardiac output, total peripheral vascular resistance, or both |
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Term
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Definition
| causes damage to walls of blood vessels; comprises the strucures and function of vessels, the heart, kidneys, eyes, and the brain; smooth muscle cells undergo hypertrophy and hyperplasia; you also get fibrosis of the tunica intima and media; Hypertrophy, angina, left heart failure, CAD, MI and sudden death |
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Term
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Definition
| rapidly progressive hypertension; diastolic pressure is usually >140mmHg; life threatening; disrupts cerebral functioning |
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Term
| orthostatic (postural) hypotension |
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Definition
| decrease in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure upon standing; your compensatory vasomotor response to standing is absent; you get pooling in muscle vasculature, splenic and renal beds |
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Term
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Definition
| localized dilation or outpouching of a vessel wall or cardiac chamber; the tension on the wall increasesaas the vessel becomes thinner, so the possiblility of rupture increases. |
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Term
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Definition
| fusiform or circumferential in nature and involve all three layers of the arterial wall; you get weakening of the vessel wall |
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Term
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Definition
| an extravascular hematoma that communicates with the intravascular space; usually the result of trauma; caused by a break in the wall or a dissection of the layers of the arterial wall; blood is contained at the |
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Term
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Definition
| blood clot that remains attached to the vessel wall |
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Term
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Definition
| detached thrombus that is moving in the circulation |
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Term
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Definition
| clot attached causing an inflammatory response in a vein; inflammation of a vein accompanied by the formation of a clot |
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Term
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Definition
| bolus of matter that is circulating in the bloodstream that shouldn't be there; may be a dislodged thrombus, air bubble, amniotic fluid, aggregate of fat, bacteria, cancer cells, or a foreign substance; results in ischemia or infarction |
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Term
| thromboangiitis obliterans (beurger disease) |
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Definition
| immune/inflammatory disease of peripheral arteries; can eventually occlude and obliterate portions of small and medium sized arteries in the feet and sometimes in the hands; accompanied by thrombi and vasospasm of arterial segments |
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Term
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Definition
| characterized by attacks of vasospasm in the small areries and arterioles of teh fingers and less commonly, the toes; secondary to other systemic diseases or conditions such as collagen vascular disease (scleroderma), smoking, pulmonary hypertension, myxedema, environmental factors like cold or prolonged exposure to vibrating machinery |
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Term
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Definition
| characterized by attacks of vasospasm in the small areries and arterioles of teh fingers and less commonly, the toes; primary vasospastic disease of unknown origin; endothelial damage= imbalance in vasodilators and vasoconstrictors; triggers are cold or emotional stress; maybe a genetic predisposition |
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Term
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Definition
| chronic disease of the arterial system; abnormal thickening and hardening of the vessel walls; results in narrowing of lumen |
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Term
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Definition
| most common form of arteriosclerosis; thickening of vessel wall caused by accumulation of lipid-laden macrophages and plaque development. this is the leading cause of coronary artery disease and cerebrovascular disease |
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