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Patho-neurologic disorders: cerebrovascular disease
Exam 3
8
Nursing
Undergraduate 3
04/06/2011

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Cards

Term

 

 

CVA

Definition
neurologic deficit or dysfunction and neurologic impaired output because of vascular supply problem
Term

 

Anatomic considerations:

cerebral circulation

Definition
anterior: internal carotid arteries

posterior: vertebral/basilar arteries

the circle of willis

when you know what vasculature is effected you can predict the manifestations
Term

 

physiologic considerations:

 

regulation of cerebral blood flow

Definition
intracranial (intrinsic) control
-perfusion force
-adequacy of cerebral vessels
-intracranial pressure

extracranial (extrinsic) control
-systemic blood pressure
-cardiovascular function
-blood viscosity
Term

 

stroke

Definition
3rd leading cause of death, leading cause of hemiparalysis
-something occludes fluid to the brain

contributing factors:
-atherosclerosis
-embolism
-hypertensive intracerebral hemorhage
-aneurysms
Term

 

stroke

Definition
predisposing conditions:
-HTN
-cardiac disease
-hyperlipedemia

classification by progression
-transient ischemic attack (TIA)
-progressing stroke
-completed stroke
Term

 

 

stroke:

site and consequences

Definition
-anterior cerebral artery: contralateral disturbances, impaired cognition, aphasia, incontinence

-middle cerebral arteries: contralateral disturbances, aphasia, homonymous hemianopsia, altered conciousness

-posterior cerebral arteries: visual defects, homonymous hemianopsia, color blindness, memory impairment, sensory loss, hemiparesis

-vertebral/basilar arteries: disturbances in gait, speech, vision, swallowing
Term

 

stroke pathogenesis:

 

3 different ways leading to neurologic deficits

Definition
thrombosis:
-ischemic stroke--occlusive: occlusion of cerebral arteries
--problems that begin with athlerosclerosis
--usually prediliction for the internal carotids and basilar arteries

embolism:
-ischemic stroke--embolic stroke
--middle cerebral artery

cerebral hemorrhage
-hemorrhagic stroke
-mortality/morbidity worse
Term

 

stroke sequelaie

Definition
motor and sensory deficits
-motor paralysis
-muscular atrophy
-sensory impairment

language deficits
-aphaisas

cognitive deficits
-language impairment
-impaired spatial relationship skills
-short-term memory impairment
-poor judgment
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