Term
Oxygenated blood flows through the:
a) superior vena cava
b) pulmonary veins
c) pulmonary arteries
d) coronary veins
e) none of the above |
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Definition
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Term
The hepatic vein carries blood from the:
a) vena caba to the liver
b) liver to the vena cava
c) aorta to the liver
d) liver to the aorta |
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Definition
| b - liver to the vena cava |
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Term
the position of the heart in the mediastinum is:
a) inferior to the diaphragm and between the lungs
b) between the lungs and superior to the diaphragm
c) posterior to the trachea and anterior to the esophagus
d) posterior to the lungs and anterior to the diaphragm |
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Definition
| b - between the lungs and superior to the diaphragm |
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Term
The pericardia space is found between the:
a) myocardium and parietal pericardium
b) endocardium and visceral pericardium
c) visceral pericardium and parietal pericardium
d) visceral pericardium and epicardial pericardium |
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Definition
| c - visceral pericardium and parietal pericardium |
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Term
In the normal cardiac cycle, which of the following occurs? (More than one may apply)
a) the right atrium and right ventricles contract simultaneously
b) the two atria contract simultaneously, wheres the two ventricles relax
c) the two ventricles contract simultaneously whereas the two atria relax
d) both the ventricles and atria contract simultaneously to increase cardiac output |
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Definition
| b, c - the two atria contract simultaneously, whereas the two ventricles relax and the two ventricles contract simultaneously whereas the two atria relax |
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Term
the QRS complex of the ECG represents:
a) atrial depolarization
b) ventricular depolarization
c) atrial contraction
d) ventricular repolarization
e) atrial repolarization |
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Definition
| b - ventricular depolarization |
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Term
During atrial systole, the:
a) atrioventricular valves are open
b) atria are filling
c) ventricles are emptying
d) semilunar valves are open |
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Definition
| a - atrioventricular valves are open |
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Term
Which do(es) not significantly affect heart rate?
a) sympathetic nerves
b) parasympathetic nerves
c) atrioventricular valves
d) acetylcholine |
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Definition
| c - atrioventricular valves |
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Term
One cardiac cycle:
a) has a duration that changes if the heart rate changes
b) usually requires less than 1 second to complete
c) is equal to stroke vol x heart rate
d) pumps approximately 5 liters of blood
e) both a and b |
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Definition
| e - both a and b - has a duration that changes if the heart rate changes and usually requires less than 1 second to complete |
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Term
compared with arteries, veins:
a) have a larger diameter
b) are thick-coated
c) recoil quickly after distension
d) both a and b |
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Definition
| a - have a larger diameter |
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Term
Normal systolic pressure within the left ventricle is in the range of:
a) 90 to 140 mm Hg
b) 15 to 30 mm Hg
c) 0 to 10 mm Hg
d) none of the above |
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Definition
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Term
Backflow of the blood from the arteries into the relaxing ventricles is prevented by the:
a) venous valves
b) pericardial fluid
c) semilunar valves
d) atrioventricular valves |
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Definition
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Term
Blood pressure is measured as the:
a) pressure exerted on the ventricular walls during systole
b) pressure exerted by the blood on the wall of any blood vessel
c) pressure exerted on arteries by the blood
d) product of the stroke volume times heart rate |
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Definition
| c - pressure exerted on the arteries by the blood |
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Term
Identify the correct sequence of the portions of the pulmonary circulation:
1 - Pulmonary veins
2 - Pulmonary arteries
3 - lungs
4 - right ventricle
5 - left atrium
a) 1, 5, 3, 2, 4
b) 4, 2, 3, 1, 5
c) 4, 1, 3, 2, 5
d) 5, 2, 3, 1, 4
e) 5, 1, 3, 2, 4 |
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Definition
| b - right ventricle, pulmonary arteries, lungs, pulmonary veins, left atrium |
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Term
the normal heartbeat is initiated by the:
a) coronary sinus
b) atrioventricular bundle
c) right ventricle
d) SA node
e) AV node |
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Definition
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Term
If the sympathetic nervous system stimulation of the heart predominates over parasympathetic nervous system stimulation, the heart will:
a) increase its rate
b) contract with greater force and at a slower rate
c) decrease its rate and force of contraction
d) contract with less force and at a higher rate |
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Definition
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Term
When blood exhibits a turbulent flow:
a) resistance increases
b) greater blood viscosity is present
c) the fluids have greater velocity than with laminar flow
d) hydrostatic pressure is greater than when the fluids demonstrate laminar flow |
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Definition
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Term
identify the normal sequence of an electrical impulse through the heart's conduction system:
1 - atrioventricular bundle
2 - AV node
3 - Purkinje fibers
4 - SA node
5 - right and left bundle branches
a) 4, 1, 2, 5, 3
b) 4, 2, 5, 1, 3
c) 2, 4, 1, 5, 3
d) 4, 2, 1, 5, 3 |
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Definition
| d - SA node, AV node, atrioventricular bundle, right and left bundle branches, Purkinje fibers |
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Term
which factor might increase resistance to the flow of blood through the blood vessels?
a) an increased inner radius of diameter of blood vessels
b) decreased numbers of capillaries
c) decreased blood viscosity
d) decreased numbers of red blood cells |
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Definition
| b - decreased numbers of capillaries |
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Term
Depolarization of cardiac muscle cells occurs because of:
a) the cell's interior becoming more negatively charged
b) the cell's interior becoming less negatively charged
c) impermeability of the cell membrane to sodium
d) impermeability of the cell membrane to potassium |
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Definition
| b - the cell's interior becoming less negatively charged |
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Term
Which of the following statements is true?
a) lymphatic walls consist of multiple layers of flattened endothelial cells
b) lymph from the entire body, except for the upper right quadrant, eventually drains into the thoracic duct
c) the thoracic duct has approximately the same diameter as the great veins
d) lymph contains more proteins than does blood plasma
e) the lymphatic system, like the circulatory system, is a closed circuit |
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Definition
| b - lymph from the entire body, except for the upper right quadrant, eventually drains into the thoracic duct |
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