Term
| What are four types of glial cells? |
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Definition
astrocyte
oligodendrocytes
Ependymal Cells
Microglical cells |
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Term
| What are the diagnosis for neuraltubel defect? |
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Definition
Elevated alpha-fetoprotein and imaging
Folate deficiency |
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Term
What is this associate to?
>1 vertebrate are malformed and covered by a layer of skin |
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Definition
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Term
What is this associate with?
spinal cord develops normally but the meniges protrude from vertebral defect |
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Definition
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Term
What is this associate with?
most severe form;spinal cord and its protiective covering (the meninges) protrude from defect in vertebral column
lead to motor and sensory dysfunction of lower extremeties
lead to disturbances of bowel and bladder control |
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Definition
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Term
What is this associate with?
a malformation of Anterior end of the neural tube with absence of brain and calvarium
lead to incompatible with life, most severe |
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Definition
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Term
What is this associate with?
forebrain anomalies
characterized by incomplete separation of the cerebral hemispheres across the midline
Facial abnomalities, one eyes in the center and nose in the forehead
associated with trisomy 13
Agenesis of corpus callosum is a malfromation where there is an absence of white matter bundles connect b/w two hemisphere |
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Definition
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Term
What disease associate with?
low-lying cerebellar tonsils extend down into the foramen magnum |
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Definition
| Type I arnold chiari malformaiton |
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Term
What disease associate with?
small posterior fossa, misshapen midline cerebellum with downward extension of Versmis through foramen magnum associated with hydrocephalus and myelomeningecele |
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Definition
| Type II arnold chiari malformtion |
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Term
What disease associate with?
by an enlarged posterior fossa lead to cerebellar vermis absent or rudimentary and its place is a large midline cyst contiguous with leptomeniges on its out surface
==="Roofless 4th ventricle" in absence of normally formed vermis |
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Definition
| Dandy-Walker malformaiton |
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Term
What disease associate with?
the accumulation of excessive CSF with ventricular system
lead to dilated ventricles, flattened gyri, and narrowed sulci, englarged head prenatally/ early infancy |
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Definition
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Term
What disease associate with?
basal ganglia and thalamus, pons, cerebellum, 50% hypertension, rupture of berry aneurysm and arteriovenous malformations, neoplasms, trauma, coagulation disorders and vasculitis |
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Definition
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Term
What disease associate with?
dilated blood vessel |
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Definition
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Term
What disease associate with?
benign vasculare tumor |
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Definition
venous angioma
cavernous hemagiomas |
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Term
| What is av malformations associated with? |
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Definition
most common type
most common site is the territory of the middle cerebral artery but can occur anywhere in the brain
cause seizures, neurologic deficits, and hemorrhage |
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Term
What disease associate with?
most common type of intracranial aneurysm
small sacular aneurysm
structural weakness in circle of willis due to congenital defect
most common cause of nontraumatic, symptomatic subarachnoid hemorrhage in adults
increased occurrence among paitients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, neurofibromatosis, and marfan syndrome |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the charateristic of arterial occulusive disease? |
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Definition
appear 2st carotid artery lead to vertebral artery and basilar artery and later to middle, posterior and anterior cerebral arteries
most often leads to thrombosis affecting basal ganglia, cerebral cortex |
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Term
| What is the characteristic of hypertension? |
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Definition
| Sign of Lacuar infarcts are single or multiple, small, cavity infacrts,my be clinically silent or cause neurological impairment depending on location; occur most often in the lenticular nucleus |
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