Term
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Definition
| "prevention systems"; focus on prohibiting and containing fires |
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Term
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Definition
| within a building structure or between buildings to create 2 or more separate buildings according to code; main purpose is to provide complete vertical separation between areas in a building, has separate foundation and extends to roof |
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Definition
| type of fire wall; located on lot line and shared between two buildings |
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| 3 basic types of fire rated assemblies |
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Definition
| Fire Barriers, Horizontal Assemblies and Fire Partitions |
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Term
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Definition
| walls with fire resistance rating and in most cases continuous and extends vertically from the top of a floor assembly to the bottom of a floor/ceiling assembly |
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Definition
| continuous through concealed spaces; number of openings is limited and must be protected; doors, windows, and other penetrations in the rated assembly must be rated as well |
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Definition
| floor/ceiling or ceiling/roof assemblies that are required by the codes to be rated; similar to fire barriers except horizontal; joints must be seals; openings and penetrations are limited and must be protected |
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| What is a Fire Partitions |
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Definition
| vertical rated partition that separates certain uses within a building; separates exit access corridors, tenant spaces in malls, dwelling and/or sleeping units, elevator lobbits |
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Definition
-not requoired to have full enclosure
-extends structure to structure BUT allowed to stop at rated ceiling system
-number of openings NOT limited
-openings must be protected |
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Term
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Definition
| overall concept of passive fire protection systems, separation of areas in a building to control fire and smoke by the use of wall, floor and ceiling assemblies |
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Term
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Definition
fire walls, fire barriers, horizontal assemblies, fire partitions
-when walls, floors, and ceiling assemblies surrounding an area have the same fire resistance rating it creates a complete compartmentation (enclosure) |
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Term
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Definition
| continuos and sealed at joints and where they meet other smoke barriers, smoke/fire barriers and exterior walls |
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Term
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Definition
| lesser degree of protection from smoke; can terminate at suspended ceiling systems/sold ceilings; allowed to be penetrated by speakers, recessed lighting, diffusers; less restrictive than smoke barriers |
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Term
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Definition
rated assembly that prevents the spread of fire or smoke through an opening in a rated wall, usually door/window
-considered a type of through penetration system |
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Term
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Definition
| an opening protective; codes regulate size, thickness, location, types of glazing |
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Term
| rated glazing (on window assemblies) |
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Definition
| helps protect occupants from flame, smoke and radiant heat; assessed by ability to stay in place in event of fire, resistance to thermal shock in hose stream, strength against human contact, resistance to heat transfer to unexposed side |
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Term
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Definition
| assessed by ability to stay in place, resistance to thermal shock in hose stream test, impact resistance- strength against human contact, resistance to heat transfer to unexposed side |
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Term
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Definition
| traditional type, wire mesh sanwiched between 2 layers of glass; distributes heat and increases strength of glass during fire, does not resist impact well, not allowed in a door or hazardous location |
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Term
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Definition
| more options, laminated or film to give higher levels of impact resistance |
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Term
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Definition
| opening protective, assigned fire protection rating by rating of wall in which its located |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| opening that pierces the entire thickness of a construction assembly; wall or floor/ceiling assembly |
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Term
| fire stops and smoke stops |
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Definition
| required in fire, smoke barriers and horizontal assemblies; purpose is to restrict movement of fire and hot gases through openings made in the fire resistance rated walls and floor/ceiling or roof/ceiling assemblies |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| factory built part of assembly |
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Term
| fire stop used in smoke barrier |
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Definition
| must act as smoke stop and pass air leakage test |
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Term
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Definition
| uses building materials to prevent movement of air, flame, and gases through SMALL concealed areas |
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Term
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Definition
uses building materials to prevent movement of air, flame, and gases through LARGE concealed areas
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Term
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Definition
| automatically interrupts the flow of air during an emergency so that it restricts the passage of smoke fire heat |
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Term
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Definition
| automatically shuts down during a fire |
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Term
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Definition
| remains in operation during a fire |
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Term
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Definition
| has to be (automatically) activatrd to work against fire |
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Term
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Definition
| "initiating device" because their activation initiates the rest of the fire protection system; smoke detectors, heat detectors, manual fire alarms |
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Term
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Definition
1.visual and audible- sound and strobe light or rotating beacon, ADA
2. emergency voice/alarm comunication systems
3. Accesible warning systems |
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Term
| alarm notification appliance |
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Definition
| component such as bell, horn,speaker, light or text display that provides audible, tactile or visible outputs or any combination |
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Term
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Definition
| alarm that only goes off where fire is detected |
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Term
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Definition
| system of alarms that is interconnected so that the indication of fire anywhere in building will sound all alarms in building |
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Term
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Definition
-fire extinguishers are intended for us by building occupants
-required within 30 feet of commercial cooking equipment, areas with flammable (combustible, liquids, buildsings under construction, near open flams, labs, computer rooms, etc)
-maximum 75 feet to get to nearest fire extinguisher |
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Term
| Class types for Extinguishing |
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Definition
A-wood, trash, paper
B- gas, oil, paint
C- electrical equipment (use chemical/foam, not water)
D- combustible materils, alloys
K- kitchen, cookig oil fires, just grease (DO NOT USE WATER) |
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Term
| stand pipes and fire hoses |
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Definition
Class I- trained personnel; Class II- average occupants; Class III- occupant or fire department
Automatic wet- most effective and reliable
automatic dry- pressurized air rather than water
manual wet- no water in pipes but is connected
manual dry- no water, no connected to water
semiautomatic dry- remote control |
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Term
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Definition
wet pipe- most common, always filled with water
dry pipe- filled with air ( cold, climates, avoids freezing)
deluge- open head water system, large quantities
preaction- combo of wet/dry, activated by detection system
-fire sprinklers can NOT be triggered by smoke
-not all fire sprinklers are activated during a fire
- assembly, health care, hazardous, residential are usually required to have sprinkler system |
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Term
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Definition
standard spray heads- most common, used in most building uses and occupancies, can cover 225'
fast response sprinkler heads- activated by low level of heat
residential sprinkler heads- not intended to extinguish the fire, but will minimize heat build up and production of carbon monoxide
quick response- can be used in residential and commericial occupancies |
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Term
| Alternative extinguishing systems |
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Definition
| wet chemical, dry chemical, foam, carbon dioxide, halon, clean agent extinguishing materials |
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Term
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Definition
occupancy classificaiton
if building has sprinklers
purpose of barrier |
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Term
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Definition
fire barriers used to create vertical shaft enclosures for such things as elevators, dumbwaiters and building systems
-fire rating determined by number of floors they penetrate
-wall usually continuous from bottom of building to underside of roof deck
-venting, smoke detection, stand by power |
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Term
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Definition
| fire resistance rated constructions (walls/floors); identifies acceptable materials, techniques and methods in respect to building and ability to limit the impact of fire |
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Term
| Sustainability Considerations |
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Definition
efficient use of materials
managements of construction waste
recycling waste |
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Term
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Definition
-select sprinkler heads
-locate fire extinguisher and fire alarms
-coordinating location of sprinkler heads with location of light fixtures |
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Term
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Definition
active fire safety provisions, directed at containing and abating the fire once it has erupted
PURPOSE: detect fire, alert occupants and fire department, control smoke and control/extinguish fire |
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Term
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Definition
| National Fire Protection (NFPA), ASTM International, Underwriters Laboratories (UL), and American National Standards Institute (ANSI) have established a wide variety of standard fire tests to ensure reliability and confirm manufacturers products meets specific requirements |
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Term
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Definition
the most widely used publications of tested assemblies (walls, partitions, floor/ceiling systems, roof/ceiling systems, beams, girders, truss protection systems, column protection systems, door and window assemblies, vaious opening protective
-Underwriters Laborartoies (UL)- fire resistance directory
-Gypsum Association (GA)- fire resistance design manual
-Factory manual (FM)- approval guide |
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