not following

 non sequitur

struck back

(reverse of dactyl)

anapest

two short syllables followed by one long syllable

away from, silence

aposiopesis

breaking off in the middle of a statement

Thespis

("the first actor")

imitating Lacedemonians

(i.e., Spartans, who were not very talkative)

having to do with Philip

(Demosthenes warned the Athenians about Philip of Macedon, father of Alexander the Great...a speech against someone seen as a threat)

addenda

(et corrigenda)

things to be added

(and corrected)

and others

(when there are too many authors to list them all)

pound

(weight, from the word "libra" ~ "scales")

per centum

(percent)

clean slate (tablet)

(an unprejudiced mind)

ultimatum

facsimile

"fax"

reproduction

("make similar")