Blocks a step in protein synthesis necessary for bacterial multiplication.

Aminoglycosides

Uses (3):

1. suppresses GI bacteria
2. Pre-op intestinal procedures
3. Hepatic Coma: reduces the # of ammonia forming bacteria in the intestines which in turn will lower ammonia levels in the blood.

Aminoglycosides

Adverse Rx (4):

1. Nephrotoxicity: >1 antibiotic increases chance of proteinuria, hematuria, & decreased urine output.
2. Ototoxicity: Tinnitus, dizziness, roaring of ears, vertigo, hearing loss
3. Neurotoxicity: numbness, tingling, tremors/muscle twitching, oral/peripheral paresthesia, muscle weakness
4. Superinfection/Pseudo-membranous Colitis

Aminoglycosides

Contraindications (6):

1. Pre-existing hearing loss
2. Myasthenia gravis- Neuromuscular disorder
3. Parkinsonism
4. PG/Lactation
5. Long term therapy: Except streptomycin for mgt of TB 

Aminoglycosides

Precautions (3):

1. Renal Failure
2. Elderly clients
3. Neuromuscular disorder

Macrolides (Erythromycin)

Actions (2):

1. Bacteriostatic or bacteriocidal
2. Binds to cell membranes & causes changes in protein function.

Macrolides (Erythromycin)

Uses (4):

1. For wide range of gram negative & gram positive microoragnisms.
2. Acne vulgaris
3. Upper resp infections
4. Prophylaxis before dental & other procedures in pts allergic to PCN.

Macrolides (Erythromycin)

Adverse Rx (4):

1. N/V/D
2. Abx pain
3. Cramping
4. Pseudomembranous colitis

Macrolides (Erythromycin)

Contraindications (2):

1. Hypersensitivity
2. Pre-existing liver disease

Macrolides (Erythromycin)

Interactions (3):

1. Increases serum levels of digoxin
2. Increases effects of anticoags
3. Increases serum theophylline levels

-Used against grame negative organisms

-Because of potential of high toxicity: Used ONLY for tx of serious infections in which PCN & erthromycin aren't effective.

Lincosamides

Action (1):

-Causing death to susceptible bacteria thru inhibiting protein synthesis.

**Use caution when giving rapidly through IV because it can cause cardiac arrest!

Lincosamides

Uses (2):

-Gram negative & gram positive microorganisms

-Used for more serious infections usually in conjunction w/ other meds

Lincosamides

Adverse Rx (5):

-Abx pain

-N/V/D

-Skin rash

-Blood dyscrasias

-Pseudomembranous colitis

Lincosamides

Contraindications (4):

-Hypersensitivity

-Minor infections

-Lactation

-Infancy

Lincosamides

Precautions (3):

-GI disorders

-Renal disease

-Liver impaired