Eye-Iris

Parasympathetic

Receptor: M₃

Response: Contraction of circular muscles-Miosis

Eye-Iris

Sympathetic

Receptor: α₁

Response: Contraction of radial muscles-Mydrasis

Eye-Ciliary Muscle

Parasympathetic 

Receptor: M₃

Response:

Contracts muscle

Relaxes Suspensory Fibers

Lens round up-near vision

No significant effect by sympathetic

Lacrimal Glands

Parasympathetic

Receptor: M₃

Response: Stimulates secretory activity

Lacrimal Glands

Sympathetic

Receptor:α₁

Response:Stimulates secretions (Minimal-minor in activity)

Salivary Glands

Parasympathetic

Receptor: M₃

Response: Stimulates water secretions

Salivary Glands

Sympathetic

Receptor: α₁

Response:Stimulates secretions (Minimal)

Sweat Glands

Sympathetic 

Receptor:α₁

Response:

Palms-adrenergic (emotional)

Sympathetic-Cholinergic

Copious sweating

No innervation by parasympathetic fibers

Nasopharngeal Glands

Parasympathetic

Receptor: M₃

Response: Secretion

No significant effect by sympathetic

Adrenal Gland

Sympathetic

Receptor: N_N

Response: Releases epinephrine & NE from medullary cells

No innervation by parasympathetic

Heart- SA node

Parasympathetic

Receptor: M₂ 

Response: Decrease in heart rate

Heart-SA node

Sympathetic

Receptor: β₁

Response: Increases heart rate

Heart- AV node

Parasympathetic

Receptor: M₂

Response: Decreases conduction velocity

Heart-AV node

Sympathetic

Receptor: β₁

Response: Increases in conduction velocity and automaticity

His system

Sympathetic

Receptor: β₁

Response: Increases conduction and automaticity

Little innervation by parasympathetic

Atria

Parasympathetic

Receptor: M₂

Response: Increases conduction velocity and decreases contraction

Notes for exam: No innervation

Atria

Sympathetic

Receptor: β₁

Response: Increase in force of contraction and velocity of conduction

Ventricles

Sympathetic

Receptor: β₁

Response: Increase in force of contraction and velocity of conduction

Note: No innervation by parasympathetic (Receptor M₂₎

Blood vessel-Arterioles

Parasympathetic

Little or no DIRECT innervation 

Receptor: M₃

Response: Vasodilation (indirect)

Blood vessel-Arterioles

Sympathetic

Receptor:α₁

Response: Constriction-decreases blood flow

Receptor:β₂

Response: Vasodilation-increase blood flow

Blood vessels-Coronary

Parasympathetic

Receptor: M₃

Response: Vasodilation (by NO)

Blood vessels-Coronary

Sympathetic

Receptor: α₁

Response: Constriction

Receptor: β₂

Response: Dilation

Remember, there may also be α₂ receptors on blood vessels and that auto-regulation dominates

Blood vessels-Skin

Sympathetic

Receptor: α₁

Response: Constriction

No innervation by parasympathetic

Blood vessels-Abdominal viscera

Sympathetic

Blood vessels-Glands

Sympathetic

Blood vessels-Renal

Sympathetic

Blood vessels- Skeletal Muscle

Sympathetic

Blood vessels- Pulmonary

Sympathetic

Blood vessels- Veins

Sympathetic

Lungs

Parasympathetic

Receptor: M₃

Response: Contracts bronchial smooth muscle

Lungs

Sympathetic

Receptor: β₂

Response: Relaxes bronchial smooth muscle

Bronchial Glands

Parasympathetic

Receptor: M₃

Response: Stimulation- increase secretion

Bronchial Glands

Sympathetic

Receptor: β₂

Response: Decrease secretions

G.I. tract (stomach & intestines)

Parasympathetic 

Receptor: M₃

Response: Increases motility & amount of secretions; Relaxes sphincters

G.I. tract (stomach & intestines)

Receptor:α₁

Response:Contract sphincters

Receptor:β₂

Response: Relax smooth muscles

Receptor:α_2A

Response: On cholinergic nerves to inhibit release of Ach

Gallbladder & Ducts

Parasympathetic

Receptor: M₃

Response: Contraction (release bile & etc.)

Gallbladder and Ducts

Sympathetic

Receptor: β₂

Response: Relaxation

Liver

Sympathetic

Receptor: α₁ & β₂

Response: Glycogenolysis and Gluconeogenesis

Parasympathetic has no effect

Insulin secretion from β cell of Pancreas

Sympathetic

Receptor: β₂

Response: Increases secretion of insulin

Receptor: α₂

Response: Inhibits secretion of insulin

No effect by the parasympathetic

Acini Cells of Pancreas

Parasympathetic

Receptor: M₃

Response: Secretion of gastric enzymes

Acini Cells of Pancreas

Sympathetic

Receptor: α₁

Response: Inhibit secretion

Kidney 

Sympathetic

Receptor: β₁

Response: Promotes RENIN release from JG Cells

No parasympathetic innervation

Ureters

Sympathetic

Receptor: α₁

Response: Increase muscle tone

(Note: urine would not move into the bladder)

Innervation by parasympathetic unknown

Bladder 

Parasympathetic

Receptor: M₃

Response: Contracts detrusor muscle; Relaxes trigone & urethra sphincter

Bladder

Sympathetic

Receptor: β₂

Response: Relaxes detrusor muscle

Receptor: α₁

Response: Contracts trigone & urethra sphincter

Sex Organ- Male

Parasympathetic

Receptor: M3

Response: Vasodilation-erection (Reflex and Emotion)

Sex Organ- Male

Sympathetic

Receptor: α₁

Response: Ejaculation

Skeletal muscle

Sympathetic

Receptor: β₂

Response: Increased contractility

Small muscle bundles (tremors, twitching)

No innervation by parasympathetic

Uterus

Sympathetic

Receptor: β₂

Response: Relaxes smooth muscles

Receptor: α₁

Response: Pregnant-contract

Innervation by parasympathetic is variable

Arrector pili muscles attached to hair follicles

Sympathetic

Receptor: α₁

Response: Contracts to erect hairs

No innervation by parasympathetic

Spleen Capsule

Sympathetic

Receptor: α₁

Response: Contraction- to release RBCs

Sympathetic Nerve Endings

Autoreceptor

Inhibits release of NE 

α_2A > α_2C - by NE

Sympathetic Nerve Ending

Heteroreceptor

Inhibits NE release

M₂, M₄ - by Ach

Parasympathetic Nerve Ending

Inhibits release of Ach 

M₂, M₄ - by Ach

Parasympathetic Nerve Ending

Inhibits Ach by release

α_2A > α_2C - by NE