Term
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Definition
| no development in host, transport host by moving disease from one host to another host |
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Term
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Definition
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organism that requires more than one host to complete life cycle
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Term
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Definition
| organism that requires one host to compete life cycle |
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Term
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Definition
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membrane enclosed organelle that contains glycotic enzymes
- found in new species of protozoa, most notably trypansomes
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Term
| Kinetoplast/Mitochondrion complex |
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Definition
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dense granule of DNA within mitochondrion containing circular DNA
- kinetoplasts located at the end of the mitochondria contains 10-15% DNA (DNA wounded/circular), mitochondria used to create energy
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Term
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Definition
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kinetoplast is altered or lost (dysfunctional kinetoplasts)
- parasite does not need kinetoplast bc transmitted directly from host to host
- can’t complete normal life cycle without kinetoplasts
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Term
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Definition
| Variant surface glycoprotein (VSG) : capable of changing surface coat over the course of infection, helps invert the immune response (alter surface proteins makeup to evade host immune response). Variant antigenic types (VAT) : denotes single antigenic type able to produce multiple forms of surface coat so that immune response can not recognize/respond to all antigenic types |
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Term
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Definition
| parasite capable of changing its antigenic makeup over time, able to invert immune response, hosts will need to create new immune response-immune response able to recognize most common surface coat and develops an immune response that kills all parasites expressing this surface coat, but during cell each progeny is able to switch coat expression to evade the immune response and allow persistence of the parasite in the host |
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Term
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Definition
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antigens do not change making them susceptible to immune response
- immune response is weak so hard to stop disease
- limited to bloodstream
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Term
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Definition
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extracellular “non-replicative” form of parasite
- slender form, capable of switching antigenic types
- undulating membrane and free flagellum
- leaf-like form
- developmental stage of trypanosomes, usually in vertebrate host
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Term
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Definition
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humans that do not produce HDL (high-density lipoprotein) that lice organelles, therefore these humans are susceptible to disease
- cows do not produce HDL so they are susceptible to disease
- normal humans produce HDL which lice the organelles of trypanosomes and therefore prevent the disease
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Term
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Definition
| existence of persistent infection at the same expected level, expected number of cases |
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Term
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Definition
| number of cases above an expected number, dramatic increase in disease cases above the normal amount |
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Term
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Definition
| disease has spread globally |
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