Term
| Which antimalarials inhibit heme polymerase, increasing free heme, which is toxic to the parasite? |
|
Definition
| All of the ones that end in "quine" -- Chloroquine, Quinine/Quinidine, Mefloquine, Primaquine |
|
|
Term
| Which antimalarial inhibits plasmodial DHFR? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where is chloroquine-susceptible P falciparum found? |
|
Definition
| Central America, Caribbean, Middle East |
|
|
Term
| What drug is given for prophylaxis in areas of chloroquine-resistant P falciparum (most regions)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which anti-plasmodium drugs are RBC schizonticides ? |
|
Definition
"CAMP PAQ"
Chloroquine*
Atovaquone*
Mefloquine*
Proguanil (also sporonticide)
Pyrimethamine (also tissue schizonticide)
Artemisinins (gametocide)
Quinine* |
|
|
Term
| Which anti-plasmodium drugs are tissue schizonticides? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which anti-plasmodium drugs are gametocides? |
|
Definition
Primaquine
Artemisinins
(Quinine also inhibits the gametocytes of P vivax and ovale) |
|
|
Term
| Which anti-plasmodium drugs are sporonticides? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the DOC for treatment of severe disease with chloroquine-resistant P falciparum malaria? What drug should be given with this drug? |
|
Definition
Quinine (only oral in US) or Quinidine (Iv in USA - requires cardiac monitoring)
Give with doxycycline to shorten duration and toxicity |
|
|
Term
| What is the major SE of quinine/quinidine use? |
|
Definition
| Cinchonism -- headache, nausea, visual disturbances, dizziness, tinnitus |
|
|
Term
| What is the major SE of chloroquine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
neuropsychiatric toxicities (seizures, psychosis)
also - nausea, vomiting, sleep & behavioral problems |
|
|
Term
| What is the DOC for severe malaria? Where is resistance found to this drug? |
|
Definition
Quinine/Quinidine
resistance found in |
|
|
Term
| Which anti-malarial drug requires cardiac monitoring? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What drug is used to treat infections with P vivax and P ovale? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What anti-malarial is contraindicated in pts with G6PD deficiency? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What drug is used to treat malaria in pregnant woman? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What anti-malarial drug was used in China >2000 years and is now used again for treatment of malarial infections in Asia and Africa (approval not yet granted in US)? What form of this drug is available in the US? |
|
Definition
Artemisinin (Quinghausu)
Coartem (artemether/lumefantrine) is approved by US FDA for treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria |
|
|
Term
| What is the MOA of Artemisinin? |
|
Definition
| produces toxic free radicals in food vacuole of parasite |
|
|
