Term
| What phylum has apical complex structure involved in penetrating a host's cell. unicellular, spore-forming, and exclusively parasites |
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Definition
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Term
| process of asexual reproduction in vertebrate host |
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Definition
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Term
| sexual reproduction where zygote is completed, and will determine the definitive host |
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Definition
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Term
| asexual reproduction outside vertebrate host |
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Definition
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Term
general disease in agriculture animals, occurs in specific parts of digestive system
Highly specific |
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Definition
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Term
found in digestive system of chickens
causes coccidiosis |
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Definition
Emieria tenella
emieria necatrix |
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Term
| What cellular type of parasite is this? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the life cycle of emeria? |
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Definition
Chicken ingests oocyst
gets into digestive epithelium
turns to tropozoite
Starts schyzogony
Tropozite does nuclear division
Then does cytoplasmic division
then produces merozoite |
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Term
| nuclear division and cytoplasmic division together are called what in Emeria? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many shizogonyes does Emria undergo in chicken GI cells? |
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Definition
| genetically predetermined. 1-4 usually |
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Term
| what stage infects the GI cells in Emieria? |
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Definition
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Term
| when Emieria cells undergo gametogony in GI cells, what are the zygotes called |
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Definition
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Term
| How does sporogony happen with emieria? |
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Definition
| zygote forms cyst around it & passed throu host fecal matter, zygote forms oocyst |
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Term
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Definition
diarrhea
animal goes off feed |
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Term
| way to prevent Eimeria oocysts? |
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Definition
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Term
| term for general disease chickens can get? |
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Definition
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Term
| term for building up immunity as long as in constant contact with disease |
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Definition
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Term
| Emeria that never causes disease in chickens? |
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Definition
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Term
| What causes toxoplasmosis in humans? |
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Definition
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Term
| Definitive host of toxoplasmosis gondhi |
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Definition
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Term
| Toxoplasma gondi mostly affects |
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Definition
unborn children
elderly
chemo or AIDS patients |
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Term
| What stages of Toxoplasma gondi occur in definitive host? |
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Definition
| Ingest oocyst, then skyzogomy, gamatogony & sporogony |
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Term
| What stage of Toxoplasma gondi goes into the cell? |
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Definition
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Term
| when Toxoplasma gondi oocysts mature and reproduce, what do they release? |
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Definition
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Term
| With Toxoplasma gondi, the process of reproducing in the cell and producing tachyzoites is called what? |
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Definition
| called proliferative stage |
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Term
| As Tachyzoites invade cells in response to immune system acting up Then divide slowly, this is called what? |
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Definition
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Term
| can immunity be obtained from Toxoplasma gondi? |
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Definition
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Term
| In Toxoplasma gondi,each bradyzoite acts like a sporozitie & initiates what? |
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Definition
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Term
| How is Toxoplasma gondi transmitted? |
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Definition
ingesting/inhaling oocysts
eating bradyzoites in steaks or
inhaling oocysts in cat liter
unpasturized milk can hold brady & tachyzoites
blood & organ transplants
interuterine transmission |
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Term
| How is toxoplasmosis gondi transmitted via intrauterine? |
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Definition
1st case must be while prego
most likely to transmit in 3rd trimester, but least serious |
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Term
| In severe cases of toxoplasmosis gondi being transmitted via intrauterine, what happens to the fetus? |
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Definition
Natural abortion
Sill birth
Hydrocephilis (fluid in brain)
Micrencephalade (small brain)
Cerebral calcification
Mental retardation
Blindness after birth (most common) |
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Term
| process which mother gets toxoplasmosis gondi while prego? |
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Definition
| congentital toxoplasmosis |
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Term
| What happens when a child contracts toxoplasmosis gondi? |
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Definition
resembles a common cold
fever, lymph node swelling
After 2 weeks symptoms disappear |
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Term
What stage of Toxoplasmosis gondi occurs in cats?
what stage in the outside env.? |
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Definition
Schizogony and gametogony occurs in cats
Sproogony occurs in outside environment |
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Term
| Where does asexual reproduction of toxoplasmosis gondi occur? |
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Definition
| in humans and other animals |
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Term
| Where does development of toxoplasmosis gondi first occur in a body? |
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Definition
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Term
rapid asexual reproduction. Tachyzoites produced and released to infect new cells
Then ___ stage. Slow asexual reproduction where bradyzoites are retained within cells known as zoitocysts for an extended and indefinite time period |
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Definition
proliferative stage
cystic stage |
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Term
| Reservoir host of malaria? |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
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Definition
• Whole body shakes
• Extremely cold
• Searing headache
• Then body burns like intense fever (4 hrs)
• Fever occurs about 3x
• 12 hours symptoms
• Very weak
• Vomit, lose bowels
tired for months after |
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Term
| What type of disease did you need duffy factor to get? (slaves were resistant to this disease) |
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Definition
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Term
| what version of malaria is milder? |
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Definition
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Term
| what version of malaria do Africans usually get? |
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Definition
| Malignang Tertian Malaria |
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Term
| what disease helped determine the revolutionary war? |
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Definition
| Malignang Tertian Malaria |
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Term
| What is going on when you get the chills with Malaria? |
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Definition
| when merozoite is in the blood stream |
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Term
| what happens in the body when u get fever & sweats from Malaria? |
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Definition
| Body loses sight of merozoite, so resets temp to 98.6 (step 2) |
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Term
| Why is someone tired from Malaria? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what does malaria convert heme to? |
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Definition
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Term
| What part of the diet is lacking in areas riddled with Malaria? |
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Definition
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Term
| What happens to fetuses in pregos that contract malaria? |
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Definition
| Brain damage, liver, kidney damage |
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Term
| What are some symptoms that malaria falciparum poses? |
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Definition
• Convulsions
• Abortion
• Coma
• Kidney problems
• Hypoglycemia
• Edema |
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Term
| What two things cause the most destruction with malaria? |
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Definition
loss of Oxygen carrying capacity
inflamation |
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Term
| Which version of malaria has a higher death rate? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are some treatments for Malaria? |
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Definition
Quinine
Chloroquine (resistance developed to it now)Stopped malaria from converting heme to hemozoin
Artemisinin (chinese drug, derived from wormwood |
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Term
| What are 3 possible forms of Malaria vaccines? |
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Definition
• Pre erethrytic vaccine
• Blood stage vaccine
• Transmission blocking vaccine |
|
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Term
| what is the extracellular form of malaria? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what vaccine would keep mosquito from getting malaria? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what form of malaria is mostly a parasite of birds? |
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Definition
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Term
| which Malaria is the worst of the two? |
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Definition
| malignant tertian malaria |
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Term
|
Definition
Tertian Malaria
Malignant tertian Malaria |
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Term
| Where does sczygonogy of malaria occur? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what parts of the life cycle occur in mesquito host? |
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Definition
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Term
Malaria
occurs in the liver
before the disease enters red blood cells
asymptomatic |
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Definition
| pre erythritic schyzogony |
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Term
Malaria stage:
occurs in red blood cells
during this stage symptoms occur
NOT SELF LIMITING
can occur an indefinite number of times |
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Definition
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Term
Malaria Stage:
occurs in the liver
before preerythrocytic Schizogony or after erythrocytic Schizogony |
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Definition
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Term
How is a malaria sporozoite transmitted?
Then where does it travel?
Then what does it become? |
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Definition
injected by anopheles
to the liver
Tropozoite |
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Term
How does Malaria get into the blood?
At this stage, what begins? |
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Definition
the liver cells burst after being infected, then traveling merozoites enter blood.
erethrytic schyzogony |
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Term
| how does gametogony occur with Malaria? |
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Definition
the gametocytes remains in the rbc until the rbc is either picked up by anopheles or the rbc dies
if taken up. gamenocytes burst out of RBC to search for macrogaminocyte |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| what does an ookinete do? |
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Definition
develops into an oocyst and nucleus divides to form sporoblast
o sporoblast bursts and releases sporozoites which move to the salivary gland where they are injected back into a human host |
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Term
| What two species cause tertian Malaria? |
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Definition
Plasmodium vivax
plasmodium ovale |
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Term
| What species causes Quartrin malaria? |
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Definition
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Term
| What species causes malignant tertian malaria? |
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Definition
| Plasmodium falciparum (most common in the world today) |
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Term
| 3 forms of mesquito control? |
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Definition
• Insecticide (DDT) – harmless to humans but not produced?
• Bed Nets – best when insecticide treated
• Organic Phospates absorbed through skin |
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Term
| What causestexas cattle fever? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the lone star tick? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the life cycle of a lone star tick? |
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Definition
| Adult-->egg--> larva-->feed-->nymph-->feed-->Adult-->feed |
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Term
| What is the lifecycle of texas cattle fever? |
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Definition
• Adult female tick picks up gamenocyte and it will travel to gut and fertilization occurs
• Oophinite will travel to ovary and invade eggs of ticks (transovarian transmission)
• Sporozoties will then travel to salivary glands
• When they get to animal, they infect it.
• New tick bites animal and gets gaminocytes |
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Term
| symptoms of texas cattle fever? |
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Definition
severe anemia,
death
asymptomatic in youngins |
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Term
| what causes nantucket fever in humans? |
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Definition
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Term
| scientific name of deer tick |
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Definition
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Term
| What is unique about the deer tick? |
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Definition
3 host tick
1st rodent, 2nd human, 3rd host deer. |
|
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Term
| what gives bambesia microti to humans? |
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Definition
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Term
| symptoms of babesia microti |
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Definition
o Mild to serious fever
o Destruction of RBC’s
o Can be fatal |
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Term
| what causes nantucket fever in humans? |
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Definition
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Term
| what Causes “Whirling Disease” |
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Definition
|
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Term
| symptoms of whirlings disease? |
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Definition
| Swim in circles, small in size, distorted backbone, black color to them |
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Term
| whats transmitts the whirling disease to trout? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what stages of whirlings disease occur in the tubefec worm? the trout? |
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Definition
o Shygogony and gametogony
• Sporogony occurs in the trout |
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Term
| is a stage of whirligns disease that enters in the fish through mouth or through skin between scales. |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what is the infective stage to the fish in whirlings disease? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what species gets on fish gills & suffocates them? |
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Definition
| Ichtyyopthirius multifilis (Ich) |
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the resorvoir host of ICh? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the resorvoir host of balantidium coli? |
|
Definition
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