Term
| What are the 3 most common intestinal parasites? |
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Definition
| Giardia, Blastocystis, Cryptococcus |
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Term
| What are key physical characteristics of entamoeba? |
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Definition
| Centrally located karyosome, RBC inside |
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Term
| Which protozoans is acid-fast? |
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Definition
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Term
| Patient presents w/ bloody diarrhea - is it cryptosporidium or Giardia? |
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Definition
| Giardia - cryptosporidium trophozoites don't invade wall of intestine |
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Term
| What is the vector for leishmania? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the form of Leishmania inside host? |
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Definition
| Kinetoplast + amastigote inside of macrophage |
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Term
| Which 2 microbes could you get infected by if you were swimming in lakes? |
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Definition
| 1) acanthamoeba (eyes-> brain) or 2)Naeglaria (nose -> meninges) |
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Term
| What are the species and symptoms of chagas' disease? |
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Definition
| Trypanasoma cruzi causes dilated cardiomyopathy, megacolon, megaesophagus |
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Term
| Trypanosoma cruzi vector? |
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Definition
| reduviid bug (kissing bug) |
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Term
| Which species cause african sleeping sickness? Vector? Shape on blood smear ? Symptoms? |
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Definition
| Trypanosoma bruce, transmitted by tsetse, has S shape on smear, causes bloodborne disease or CNS disease |
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Term
| What sort of host does a human tend to be for protozoan infections? |
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Definition
| 2ndary (asexual phase of organism) |
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Term
| What are the symptoms and diagnostic tools for Toxiplasma? |
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Definition
| Lymphadenopathy (maybe eye/brain symptoms), diagnose via serology or brain/muscle biopsy |
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Term
| What are the symptoms of dracunculus? |
|
Definition
| Skin lesions w/female protruding |
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Term
| What trichinella life cycle stages are in humans? |
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Definition
| Adult worm in intestine, larvae in tissue |
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|
Term
| Symptoms, transmission of Dracunculus? |
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Definition
| Skin lesions+ ulceration, transmitted by ingestion/drinking of infected copepods (asexual host) |
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Term
| Who transmits loa loa? Where are lesions other than eye? |
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Definition
| Skin - transmuted by deerfly (chrysops spa.) |
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Term
| How would you make the call between elephantiasis caused by wuchereria vs. brugia? |
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Definition
| Wuchereria microfilaria have no nuclei at the tips vs. two in brugia |
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Term
| Where is Ascaris found? What does it infect? |
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Definition
| Found in human fecal fertilized soil. Infects intestine (worm) -> lung (larvae) |
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Term
|
Definition
| Ancylostoma duodenal or Necator americanus |
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|
Term
| Strongyloides symptom? Lifestyle? |
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Definition
| These are free-living nematodes that can infect lung after skin penetration (foot) |
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Term
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Definition
| Enterobius (transmission via hardy eggs!!!! Crowded conditions, daycares. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Trichuris trichura - ingested from soil, causes GI symptoms (bipolar plug on egg) |
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|
Term
| Which form of fasciolopsis/fasciola is typcially ingested? What do the eggs look like/ |
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Definition
| larvae (encysted) are ingested, eggs are operculated |
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Term
| Name, hosts, vector of chinese liver fluke |
|
Definition
| Clonorchis sinensis, hosts = snails+fish, vector = fish (raw) |
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|
Term
| Parigonimus westermani - hosts, disease? |
|
Definition
| oriental lung fluke -> crab, snail, crawfish (crab is vector). Causes eosinophilic pneumonitis, hemoptysis |
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Term
| What are symptoms in common of all shistosomas? Common method of transmission? |
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Definition
| Dermatitis at site of penetration, hepatosplenomegaly, portal involvement, fever/malaise, ascites, diarrhea, neurologic involvement. Transmission = larvae from snails penetrate percutaneously |
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Term
| Where do the shistasomes settle? |
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Definition
japonicus - veins of small intestine
hematobium - veins of bladder
mansoni - veins of large intestine |
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|
Term
| What is the most common US tapeworm |
|
Definition
| Hymenolepsis nana - arthropod infection of flour |
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|
Term
| What is the tapeworm that is found in greatlakes fish? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are 2 ways taenia solium can access human? |
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Definition
| eggs from human feces, larvae from undercooked pork. EGG DISEASE IS MORE SERIOUS -> 2NDARY HOST, -> brain cysts, seizures, eyes, cysticerci |
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Term
| Which parasite gives huge cysts on the liver? Transmission? |
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Definition
| Echinococcus makes hydatid cysts, eggs are ingested from dog feces or water contaminated from sheep grazing |
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