Term
| WHAT IS THE TOTAL LUNG CAPACITY IN THE AVERAGE ADULT? |
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Definition
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Term
| WHAT IS TIDAL VOLUME {Vt}? |
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Definition
MEASURE OF THE DEPTH OF BREATHING-
VOLUME OF AIR THAT IS INHALED AND EXHALED DURING A SINGLE RESPIRATORY CYCLE.
ADULT-5 TO 7ML/KG(APPROX:500ML)
INFANTS-6 TO 8ML/KG |
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Term
| WHAT INSPIRATORY RESERVE VOLUME? |
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Definition
THE AMOUNT OF AIR THAT CAN BE INHALED IN ADDITION TO THE NORMAL TIDAL VOLUME
=3000ML |
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Term
| 30% OF NORMAL TIDAL VOLUME REMAINS IN THE UPPER AIRWAY PASSAGES THIS AIR DOES NOT PARTICIPATE IN GAS EXCHANGE. WHAT IS IT? |
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Definition
DEAD SPACE (Vd)=150ml
ANATOMICAL DEAD SPACE INCLUDE THE TRACHEA & LARGE BRONCHI |
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Term
| WHAT IS PHYSIOLOGIC DEAD SPACE (Vd)? |
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Definition
| AREAS WHERE CERTAIN RESPIRATORY DISEASES INCREASE THE 'DEAD SPACE' CREATED BY INTRAPULMONARY OBSTRUCTIONS OR ATELECTASIS. |
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Term
| WHAT IS THE REMAINING VOLUME OF INHALED AIR THAT DOES REACH THE ALVEOLI AND PARTICIPATE IN GAS EXCHANGE? AND WHAT IS IT'S VOLUME? |
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Definition
| ALVEOLI VOLUME (Va)...IT IS TIDAL VOLUME - DEAD SPACE Vt-Vd= Va (350ML) |
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Term
| WHAT TERM IS USED FOR THE AMOUNT OF AIR THAT MOVES IN AND OUT OF THE RESPIRATORY TRACT IN A MIN.? |
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Definition
| MINUTE VOLUME (Vm)...Vt X RR=Vm |
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Term
| HOW IS THE MINUTE ALVEOLI VOLUME CALCULATED? AND WHAT IS IT? |
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Definition
Vt(500ML) -Vd(150ML) X 16 BREATHES/MIN=Va(5600ML)
IT IS THE AMOUNT OF AIR THAT ACTUALLY REACHES THE ALVEOLI PER MIN. |
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Term
| IF TIDAL VOLUME AND RR INCREASES, WHAT WILL HAPPEN TO THE MINUTE VOLUME? |
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Definition
| THE MINUTE VOLUME WILL INCREASE. |
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Term
| THE AMOUNT OF AIR THAT CAN BE 'FORCED' FROM THE LUNGS IN IN A SINGLE EXHALATION IS? |
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Definition
| FUNCTIONAL RESERVE CAPACITY |
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Term
| WHAT IS EXPIRATORY RESERVE VOLUME? |
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Definition
| THE AMOUNT OF AIR THAT YOU CAN EXHALE FOLLOWING A NORMAL (RELAXED)EXHALATION USUALLY 1200ML |
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Term
| WHAT IS THE % OF OXYGEN IN INHALED AIR AND HOW IS IT INCREASED? |
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Definition
| FRACTION OF INSPIRED OXYGEN FIO2...IT IS INCREASED BY SUPPLEMENTAL O2 |
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Term
| WHAT CAUSES THE CHANGES IN THE RATE AND DEPTH OF VENTILATIONS IN THE BODY? |
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Definition
| PRIMARILY THE pH OF THE CSF(CEREBRALSPINALFLUID) AS IT RELATES TO CO2 DISSOLVED IN PLASMA. |
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Term
| WHAT ARE THE TWO MOTOR NERVES THAT AFFECT BREATHING? |
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Definition
THE PHRENIC NERVE-WHICH INNERVATE THE DIAPHRAGM
THE INTERCOSTAL NERVE-WHICH INNERVATE THE 'EXTERNAL'INTERCOSTAL MUSCLES. |
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Term
| WHAT ARE THE 3 REGIONS IN THE MEDULLA,AND WHAT ARE THERE FUNCTIONS? |
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Definition
RESPIRATORY RHYTHMICITY CENTER-WHICH SETS THE RR WHICH INCREASES OVER 2-3SECS THEN PASSIVE EXHALATION
APNEUSTIC CENTER-RECIEVES A SIGNAL FROM MECHANICAL (STRETCH)RECEPTORS TO INHIBIT INHALATION PRODUCING EXHALATION
PNEUMATIC CENTER-INHIBITS INHALATION |
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Term
| WHAT DOES CHEMORECEPTORS DO IN VENTILATION? |
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Definition
| THEY MONITOR THE O2,CO2,AND PH OF CSF, AND PROVIDE FEEDBACK TO THE RESPIRATORY CENTERS TO MODIFY THE RATE AND DEPTH OF BREATHING. |
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Term
| WHAT IS THE PRIMARY RESPIRATORY DRIVE? |
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Definition
| IT COMES FROM THE BODY'S ATTEMPT TO REGULATE THE PACO2 WITHIN NORMAL LIMITS. |
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Term
| WHAT IS THE 'SECONDARY' CONTROL OF BREATHING? |
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Definition
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Term
| WHAT EFFECT WOULD APHETAMINES (RITALIN,ADDERALL)CUASE ON VENTILATION? |
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Definition
| PRODUCE A SYMPATHOMIMETIC EFFECT..IT WILL INCREASE RESPIRATIONS. |
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Term
| WHAT EFFECT WOULD NARCOTIC ANALGESICS(MORPHINE,DEMEROL)HAVE ON VENTILATION. |
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Definition
| IT WOULD CUASE A DECREASE IN RESPIRATIONS. |
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Term
| A POWERFUL STIMULUS TO BREATHE THAT RESULTS IN INCREASED RESPIRATIONS IN ORDER TO BRING IN MORE O2 IS? |
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Definition
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Term
| WHAT INCREASES RESPIR.AS A COMPENSATORY RESPONSE TO EXCESSIVE CARBON DIOXIDE? |
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Definition
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