Term
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Definition
| "an unpleasant sensory or emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage" |
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Term
| Margo McCaffery definition of pain: |
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Definition
| "Whatever a person says it is and existing whenever a person says it does" |
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Term
| Pain can be classified by: |
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Definition
| location, cause, duration, etc. |
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Term
| Origin of pain/ Visceral Pain |
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Definition
| Deep internal pain, abdomen, thorax, cranium. |
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Term
| Origin of pain/ Deep somatic pain |
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Definition
| originates in ligaments, tendons, nerves, blood vessels and bones |
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Term
| Origin of pain/ Cutaneous or superficial pain |
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Definition
| from skin or subcutaneous tissue |
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Term
| Origin of pain/ Radiating pain |
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Definition
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Term
| Origin of pain/ Referred pain |
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Definition
| occurs in area distant from source; ie H/A |
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Term
| Origin of pain/ Phantom pain |
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Definition
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Term
| Origin of pain/ Psychogenic pain |
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Definition
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Term
| Cause of pain/ Nociceptive pain |
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Definition
| most common cause; stimulated nerve endings |
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Term
| Cause of pain/ Neuropathic pain |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| short in duration, rapid in onset |
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Term
| Duration of pain/ Chronic |
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Definition
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Term
| Duration of pain/ Intractable |
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Definition
| both chronic and highly resistant to relief |
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Term
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Definition
| sharp, dull, aching, throbbing, stabbing, burning, ripping searing, tingling, episodic,intermittent, constant, mild, distracting, moderate, severe, intolerable, ect. |
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Term
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Definition
Mechanical
Thermal
Chemical |
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Term
| Transduction (physiology): |
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Definition
| the transportation of stimuli to the nervous system |
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Term
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Definition
| the single biggest cause of pain |
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Term
| Transmission/ A-Delta fibers |
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Definition
| large diameter myelinated fibers that transmit impulses at 6 to 30 mps. Transmit 'fast pain' from acute, focused stimuli. |
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Term
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Definition
| smaller unmyelinated fibers. Transmit slow pain. |
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Term
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Definition
| most important neurotransmitter |
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Term
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Definition
| point at which the brain recognizes and defines a stimulus as pain. |
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Term
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Definition
| duration and intensity of pain a person is willing to tolerate |
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Term
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Definition
| extreme sensitivity to pain |
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Term
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Definition
| naturally occurring analgesic neurotransmitters |
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Term
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Definition
| naturally occurring analgesic neurotransmitters |
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Term
| 4 physiological steps involved in the pain process? |
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Definition
Transduction
Transmission
Pain Perception
Pain Modulation. |
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Term
| Indicators of pain in cognitively impaired patients: |
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Definition
facial expressions
vocalizations
changes in physical activity
changes in routines
changes in mental status |
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Term
| sympathetic nervous system |
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Definition
| is part of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), which also includes the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS).The sympathetic nervous system activates what is often termed the fight or flight response. |
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Term
| parasympathetic nervous system |
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Definition
| A part of nervous system that serves to slow the heart rate, increase the intestinal and gland activity, and relax the sphincter muscles. |
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Term
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Definition
| divided into two subsystems: the parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS) and sympathetic nervous system |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Unrelieved pain/ endocrine |
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Definition
INCREASED ACTH,cortisol,, ADH, GH, catacholamines, glucagon
DECREASED insulin and testosterone |
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Term
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Definition
| INCREASED HR, BP, WORKLOAD, O2 DEMAND |
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Term
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Definition
| weakness, fatigue, immobility |
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Term
| Unrelieved pain/ respiratory |
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Definition
| splinting: shallow breathing to limit thorasic and abdominal movement. |
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Term
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Definition
| secretions and mobility increase |
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Term
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Definition
PULSE
BP
RESPIRATIONS
TEMP
PAIN |
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Term
| adjuvant (from Latin, adiuvare: to aid) is |
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Definition
| a pharmacological or immunological agent that modifies the effect of other agents, such as a drug or vaccine, while having few if any direct effects when given by itself. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| stimulate Mu receptors; used for acute, chronic and cancer pain |
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Term
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Definition
| stimulate some opioid receptors and block others |
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Term
| An equianalgesic (or narcotic) chart is: |
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Definition
| a conversion chart that lists equivalent doses of analgesics (drugs used to relieve pain). Equianalgesic charts are used for calculation of an equivalent dose (a dose which would offer an equal amount of analgesia) between different analgesics. |
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Term
| Morphine ratio oral to IV dose: |
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Definition
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Term
| Cordotomy (or chordotomy) is: |
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Definition
| a surgical procedure that disables selected pain-conducting tracts in the spinal cord, in order to achieve loss of pain and temperature perception. |
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Term
| A rhizotomy (pronounced /raɪˈzɒtɵmi/ ry-zot-ə-mee) is: |
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Definition
| a term chiefly referring to a neurosurgical procedure that selectively severs problematic nerve roots in the spinal cord, most often to relieve the symptoms of neuromuscular conditions such as spastic diplegia and other forms of spastic cerebral palsy[1]. |
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Term
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Definition
| the surgical removal of a nerve or a section of a nerve. |
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Term
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Definition
| a procedure where a sensory ganglion or autonomic ganglion is removed. |
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Term
| The reticular formation is: |
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Definition
| a part of the brain that is involved in actions such as awaking/sleeping cycle, and filtering incoming stimuli to discriminate irrelevant background stimuli. |
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Term
| The reticular activating system (RAS) is: |
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Definition
| an area of the brain (including the reticular formation and its connections) responsible for regulating arousal and sleep-wake transitions.The RAS is composed of several neuronal circuits connecting the brainstem to the cortex. These pathways originate in the upper brainstem reticular core and project through synaptic relays in the rostral intralaminar and thalamic nuclei to the cerebral cortex |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| types of brain waves/ alpha |
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Definition
| high frequency, medium amplitude, irregular waves |
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Term
| types of brain waves/ beta |
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Definition
| high frequency, low amplitude, irregular waves |
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Term
| types of brain waves/ theta |
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Definition
| high amplitude common in children, but rare in adults. |
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Term
| types of brain waves/ delta |
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Definition
| low frequency, high amplitude, regular waves common in deep sleep. |
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Term
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Definition
| non-rem sleep is produced by withdrawl of neurotransmitters from the reticular formation and inhibition of arousal mechanisms in the cerebral cortex |
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Term
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Definition
| brain is highly active with rapid, low amplitude waves similar to theo that occur when a person is awake and alert. REM sleep is primarily initiated by the reticular formation. Accounts for about 25% of sleep. |
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Term
| Polycythemia (also known as polycythaemia or erythrocytosis) is: |
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Definition
| a disease state in which the proportion of blood volume that is occupied by red blood cells increases. Blood volume proportions can be measured as hematocrit level. |
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Term
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Definition
| grinding and clenching of teeth |
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Term
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Definition
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